CH. 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING WELLWHAT IS PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH?

 Encompasses both our emotional and mental states, our feelings and thoughts.  Emotional health feelings and moods.

Characteristics of emotionally healthy people

 Determination and effort to be healthy  Flexibility and adaptability to a variety of circumstances  Sense of meaning and affirmation of life  The self is not the only thing that matters  Compassion for others  To be unselfish  Satisfaction from intimate relationships  To have a control over the mind and body

Mental health to perceive reality as it is, respond to its challenges, and to develop rational strategies for living.
 To Function and carry out responsibilities  The ability to form relationships  Realistic perceptions of the motivations of others  Rational, logical thought processes  Ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity

Emotional Intelligence
Psychologist Daniel Goleman 5 components Developed something called the EQ or Emotional Quotient 1. Self-awareness Self2. Altruism 3. Personal motivation 4. Empathy 5. Ability to love and be loved by friends, partners, and family

THE MASLOW PYRAMID

MASLOWS THEORY IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT 1. PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS 2. SAFETY-SECURITY SAFETY3. LOVE AND AFFECTION 4. SELF-ESTEEM SELF5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION SELF-

Selfactualization Fulfillment of ones potential Self-esteem Respect for self, respected by others Love and affection Ability to give and receive affection; feeling of belonging Safety and security Ability to protect oneself from harm Physiological needs Fulfillment of needs for food, water, shelter, sleep, sexual expression

Fig. 2-1, p. 28

THE POWER OF SELF-ESTEEM SELF Belief or pride in ourselves.  What do you believe about yourself?  It starts as a child from your parents that praise you for good deeds.  Adults are worthy of love, friendship & success.  Low self-esteem commonly seen in people who selfwere abused as children or those with depression, anxiety, alcoholism, or drug dependence.  Feeling a lack of love and encouragement as a child can also lead to poor self-esteem. self-

One of the best ways to boost your selfself-esteem is:

POSITIVE THINKING AND TALKING  Self-esteem has proved to be one of the Selfbest predictors of college adjustment. Students with high self-esteem report better selfpersonal, emotional, social, and academic adjustment!!!

DOING GOOD
 Altruism helping or giving to others.  Combining community service with classroom instruction and personal reflection.  Various studies have shown that students who volunteer while in college will volunteer after college.

DEVELOPING AUTONOMY (Independence)

-- Autonomous individuals are true to themselves. -- They may seek opinions from others but rely on their own beliefs and dont let external influences dictate. --They view control as originating from internal --They (within) rather than external (from others).

ASSERTING YOURSELF
 Recognizing your feelings and making your needs and desires clear to others.  You feel better about yourself when you speak up and state your opinions  When you speak up or take action, youre in the pilot seat. And thats always much less stressful than taking a back seat and trying to hang on for dear life.

SPIRITUAL HEALTH
Spirituality is the process of learning about yourself, your value system and applying this knowledge to find your purpose in life. Spiritual Intelligence  the capacity to sense, understand, and tap into the highest parts of ourselves, others, and the world around us.  Spiritual Intelligence unlike spirituality centers on the discovery of a wisdom within rather than a worship of a God above.

Establishes and maintains close relationships Perceives reality as it is Carries out responsibilities

Feels a sense of fulfillment in daily living Accepts own limitations and possibilities

Values himself/ herself Pursues work that suits talents and training
Fig. 2-2, p. 37

UNDERSTANDING MENTAL HEALTH

Mental Illness/Mental Disorder  A mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that interferes with daily activities. i.e. dressing, eating, working.  Almost half (50%) of Americans experience a diagnosable psych. problem in lifetime. (not in book)  DOES MENTAL HEALTH AFFECT PHYSICAL HEALTH? HOW?

 Anxiety

can lead to asthma attacks, skin conditions, digestive disorders.  Stress plays a role in to hypertension, heart attacks, sudden cardiac death and immune disorders  Depressed individuals are up to 4 times more likely to develop heart problems  1 in 5 patients hospitalized for a heart attack suffers from major depression

WHAT IS IT?
A

drug that can alter brain chemistry  No side effects  Inexpensive  Helps prevent or treat many common mental disorders  Single most effective way to lift a persons spirits  Used as a treatment for depression and anxiety disorders EXERCISE

1. DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
 The

worlds most common mental ailment.  15-40% of 18-24 yr. olds may develop 1518depression.  4 in 10 depressed adolescents think about killing themselves  Why? Breakdown of families, pressures, increased isolation, family history  Strongest Predictor of depression: Smoking

FEMALE DEPRESSION
 Depression

is twice as common in women

as men.  Women produce less serotonin(regulates mood)  4 times more likely to develop (SAD), seasonal affective disorder.  Childhood abuse likely to develop depression  Womens brains register sadness more intensely  Brain chemistry and sex hormones play a role.

MALE DEPRESSION
1

in every 14 men suffers from depression  Underdiscussed, underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated.  Men may be irritable or fatigued rather than sad.  Physical symptoms such as: headaches, pain, and insomnia are common.  Many self-medicate with alcohol or drugs. self Men are 2 to 4 times more likely to take their own lives than depressed women.

Minor Depression
 Symptoms

are the same as major depression but less severe and fewer in number.  Therapy very effective  Possibly antidepressants  Exercise effectively lifts mild to moderate depression DYSTHYMIC DISORDER frequent, prolonged mild depression. Chronically depressed mood.

Major Depression sadness that wont end.

 Symptoms

p. 42, many symptoms are

masked  Rather than feeling sad or depressed, individuals may experience low energy, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and physical symptoms.  Treatment: psychotherapy and/or medication, exercise

BIPOLAR DISORDER (Manic Depression)

 Consists

of mood swings that may take individuals from manic states of feeling euphoric and energetic to depressive states of utter despair.  About 50% with bipolar disorder have a family history.  Symptoms p. 43

2. ANXIETY DISORDERS
Most common psychiatric disorders but often undetected and untreated. 1. Phobias- fears of objects or situations Phobias2. Panic attacks- episodes of sudden, attacksinexplicable terror. 3. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)(GAD)chronic distress 4. Obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD)disorder(OCD)persistent, disturbing thoughts and behaviors
Over a lifetime 1 in 4 Americans may experience.

3. ATTENTION DISORDERS
 (ADHD)

Attention deficit/hyperactivity

disorder  Most common mental disorder in children.  About 4% of college students may have ADHD.

4. SCHIZOPHRENIA
 One

of the most debilitating mental disorders, profoundly impairs an individuals sense of reality.  Failure in brain development early in life.  Symptoms p. 46

5. SUICIDE
     

Not a psychiatric disorder, but a consequence of emotional and psychological problems. Depression and alcoholism account for twotwothirds of all suicides. Second leading cause of death on college campuses. Elderly men are 10 times more likely to take their own lives than elderly women. What leads to suicide, p.47-50 p.47Suicide Prevention, p. 48-49 48-

TYPES OF THERAPISTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Psychiatrists (M.D.s) prescribe meds Psychotherapy, cannot prescribe medicines, talks to patients. Certified social workers or Licensed professional counselor (LPC) Psychiatric nurses, no special licensing Marriage and family therapists, licensed in some states.

THE KEYS TO PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLNESS (NOT IN BOOK) Psychological well-being is not a fixed state of wellbeing, but a process. 1. Accept Yourself 2. Respect Yourself 3. Trust Yourself 4. Love Yourself 5. Stretch Yourself, be willing to change and try something new 6. Look at challenges as opportunities for personal growth. 7. Think of not only where but also who you want to be a decade from now.