SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING

An Autonomous Institution
COLLEGE
Vattamalaipalayam, N.G.G.O Colony, Coimbatore

Chemical Synthesis of
Nanoparticles

By,
Viveka K [2105158]
Methods :

Sol – Gel Method

Polyol Synthesis

Coprecipitation
1. Sol – Gel Synthesis :

The sol-gel process is a more chemical method (wet

chemical method) for the synthesis of various
nanostructures, especially metal oxide nanoparticles.
In this method, the molecular precursor (usually metal
alkoxide) is dissolved in water or alcohol and
converted to gel by heating and stirring by hydrolysis/
alcoholysis. The applications for sol gel-derived
products are numerous.
For example,
Scientists have used it to produce the
world's lightest materials and also some of its toughest
 ceramics.
2.Polyol Synthesis :
This method uses nonaqueous liquid (polyol) as a solvent and reducing agent. This method
allows flexibility on controlling of size, texture, and shape of nanoparticles. Polyol method
can also be used in producing nanoparticles in large scale. This method uses nonaqueous
liquid (polyol) as a solvent and reducing agent. The nonaqueous solvents that are used in
this method have an advantage of minimizing surface oxidation and agglomeration. This
method allows flexibility on controlling of size, texture, and shape of nanoparticles.

For example,
3.Coprecipitation :
Coprecipitation is a stepwise chemical
synthesis of nanoparticles, where a metallo-
organic precursor undergoes nucleation
followed by aggregation or Ostwald ripening to
form metal oxides. The secondary processes,
that is, Ostwald ripening, controls the size of
the metallic oxide. Nanoparticles are mainly
synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The
coprecipitation method can be explained by the
following formulation, where the reactant
undergoes precipitation to reach NPs of a
particular size.