HOW TO LEARN AND

MASTER
STOICHIOMETRY
By

TEMPLE EKE
What is Stoichiometry?
It is a part of chemistry.
 It deals with the study of
quantitative relationships...
...between the amounts of elements
present in a compound...
...also between the amounts of
reactants and products in a
chemical reaction.
It involves calculations.
These calculations use....
1. Formulas of chemical compounds.

and...
2. Balanced chemical equations.
What do these calculations help us
to determine?
 1. The amount of a particular
element present in a given amount
of a compound.
2. The amount of a compound that
contains a given amount of a
particular element.
3. The amount of a product that will
be formed from a given amount of a
reactant in a particular reaction.
There are still more...
 4. The amount of a reactant
required to produce a given amount
of a product in a particular reaction.
5. The purity of a reactant used in a
particular reaction.
 6. How efficient a reaction is in
forming a particular product, or in
using up a particular reactant.
Why is Stoichiometry very
important?
 Many careers in Science require
deep understanding and mastery of
Stoichiometry.
Stoichiometry is required
by...
... the Analytical Chemist,
... the Chemistry Teacher,
... the Biochemist,
... the Pharmacist,
... the Toxicologist,
... the Chemical Engineer,
... and many other careers in
science.
How should you learn
Stoichiometry?
First things first!
Establish a positive perception of
Stoichiometry.
Take seven (7) important initial
steps.
 Step One.

Get inspired and become motivated.

How?
 Have a clear vision of the role
Stoichiometry plays in your career...
 ... only then will you be ready to
invest the time and effort required
to master the topic.
 Step two.

Understand basic requirements such

as ...
... relative atomic mass, and molar
mass ...
... number of moles, and number of
particles.
 Step Three.

Understand elementary
Mathematical concepts
such as ...
❏ Fractions and decimals,

❏ Ratios and percentages,

❏ Simple proportion.
 Step Four.

Recognize the mole...

... it is the central unit of the amount
of a substance.
 Step Five.

Learn how to find the number of

moles for...
... solids, liquids, gases,
and ...
... aqueous solutions.
You can easily find the number of
moles from...
❏mass, m,

❏volume at STP, v,

❏number of particles, N, and

❏Molar concentration, C
1. From mass,

... just divide the given mass by the

molar mass.
in symbols,
2. From volume at STP,

... just divide the given volume by

the molar volume at STP.
in symbols,
3. From the number of particles,

... just divide the number of

particles by Avogadro’s number.
in symbols,
4. From the molar concentration of a solution,

... in this case, you multiply the

molar concentration by the volume
of the solution (in )
in symbols,
Use a simple chart to remember
these relationships.
m by M by Vm v

n
by V (dm3) by NA

C N
 Step Six.

Understand balancing of chemical

equations.

How?
 ... make the number of atoms of
each element the same on both sides
of the reaction.
 Step Seven.

Understand how to establish the

correct stoichiometric
relationship ...
... between the substance given, and
the substance required.

How?
... just by looking at ...
... 1. the chemical formula of the
given compound,

and ...
... 2. the balanced equation of the
given reaction.
The seven initial steps you have just
learned will give you the capacity to
handle calculations in
stoichiometry ...
but ...
You need to move on to become ...
... a master of Stoichiometry!
Here are Six (6) recommendations
for you to master stoichiometry.
 Recommendation One.

Learn in sections.
The two parts of stoichiometry are
divided into sections.
 Learn how to master handling
calculations in each of the sections.
The first part of stoichiometry is ...
 Chemical Composition
Stoichiometry.
... here, we focus on compounds and
the elements they contain.
It has the following sections ...
... 1. The mole and Molar Mass,

... 2. Percentage Composition from

Chemical Formulas,
... 3. Empirical and Molecular
Formula, and

... 4. The Laws of Chemical

Combination.
The second part of stoichiometry
is ...
 Chemical Reaction Stoichiometry.

... here, we focus on reactants and

products in chemical reactions.
It has the following sections ...
... 1. Number of moles, Molar
concentration, and Molar Volume,

... 2. The Limiting Reactant concept,

... 3. Percent Yields, and

... 4. Sequential Reactions.

Once again, you must learn to
master handling calculations in each
of the sections.
 Recommendation Two.

Recognize stoichiometric
calculations in categories.

Why?
 This will help you to be quick in
solving problems in stoichiometry.

How?
 You’ll develop your capacity to
recognize patterns in stoichiometric
problems.
There are ten (10) clear patterns of
problems in stoichiometry.
Recognizing these patterns is the
key to mastering stoichiometry.
 Remember this quote:

“In any field of learning, mastery is said

to be achieved only when there is the
correct recognition and handling of all
the patterns that characterize that field.”
-Temple Eke
So, let’s recognize these patterns.
 Pattern One.

Chemical Formulas and Elemental

Composition.
 Pattern Two.

The Laws of Chemical

Combination.
 Pattern Three.

Number of Moles and Number of

Particles.
 Pattern Four.
.

Mass-Mass Relationships.
 Pattern Five.

Mass-Mole Relationships.
 Pattern Six.

Mass-Volume Relationships.
 Pattern Seven.

Mole-Mole Relationships.
 Pattern Eight.

Mole-Volume Relationships.
 Pattern Nine.

Volume-Volume Relationships.
 Pattern Ten.

Mixed Problems involving Special

Features such as ...
❏Limiting Reactant,

❏Percent Purity, and

❏Percent Yield.
Now, let’s return to the third
recommendation for you to become
a master...
 Recommendation Three.

Learn to reason out your solutions

instead of using algorithms that you
don’t quite understand.

Why?
... you may be faced with a novel,
data-involved, and technically
mixed problem ...
...such problems are best solved by
correct reasoning based on
principles.
 Recommendation Four.

Use a specialized textbook on

stoichiometry.

Why?
... because it is far better than a
general Chemistry textbook.

How?
 ... a general Chemistry textbook is
written to present all topics within a
limited space.

What does this mean?

... a specialized textbook on
stoichiometry is far more detailed
on the topic,
and ...
 ... it gives more illustrative
examples, and lots of practice
exercises.
 Recommendation Five.

I highly recommend my textbook ...

 Mastering Stoichiometry
Principles to Move from learner to Master
by
Temple Eke
It is an unmatched Masterpiece! ...
... highly detailed with many
illustrative examples, ...
... lots of practice exercises, ...
... very easy to read and understand
even without an instructor.
 Recommendation Six.

Practice! Practice!! Practice!!!

You must practise solving a wide variety

of problems

Why?
Practice will help to increase your
speed in developing solution
strategies when solving problems.
 Remember this quote:

“Mastery and expertise are products

of persistence and consistency in
practice.”

-Temple Eke.
 Get started now!

Purchase a copy of my textbook,

from Amazon,...
... study, and become...
... a master of Stoichiometry!
 Thank you!
Thank you!!
Thank you!!!
 The Author

Temple Eke has been an active teacher of

Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, and Biology for
over 30 years, helping thousands of students excel in
their various careers. He is the author of over 40
books in Mathematics, Physics, Biology, and
Chemistry. He is well known for his simplified
teaching technique and explicit writing style.