BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

K.R ROAD,V.V.PURA , BANGALORE-560004

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

PRESENTATION ON:
TECHNICAL SEMINAR PROBLEM STATEMENTS

PRESENTED BY:
JEEVIKA K S
1BI21SCS02
M.Tech
2nd semester
CONTENTS

• A Fast and Reliable Three-Dimensional Centerline Tracing: Application to

Virtual Cochlear Implant Surgery
• A Multi-Component Conical Spring Model of Soft Tissue in Virtual Surgery
• Biochemical Logic Circuits Based on DNA Combinatorial Displacement
• Screening of Pathogenic Genes for Colorectal Cancer and Deep Learning in
the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
A Fast and Reliable Three-Dimensional Centerline Tracing:
Application to Virtual Cochlear Implant Surgery

Author : Majid Zamani (Member, IEEE), Enver Salkim, (Member, IEEE), Shakeel R. Saeed
Demosthenous.

Publication: IEEE Access, Received July 28, 2020, accepted August 18, 2020, date of publication
August 28, 2020, date of current version September 24, 2020. Digital Object Identifier
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3020247,Volume 8,2020.

 This paper presents a rapid and unsupervised three-dimensional (3D) tubular structure tracing algorithm for the
detection of safe trajectories in cochlear surgery.

 The algorithm utilizes a generalized 3D cylinder model which offers low-order parameterization, enabling low-
cost recursive directional tubular boundary analysis and derivation of tubular statistics (i.e. centerline
coordinates). Unlike previous work, the proposed algorithm circumvents excessive computation per voxel while
enhancing angular centerline traversing efficiency which is critical in cochlear implant surgery navigation.
 To accomplish this, design considerations include:

1) accurate engineering of kernels used for border analysis,

2) modifying decision-making in identifying optimal tracing angle with homogeneity criterion,

3) reducing tubular change exploratory search cost through discrete convolution analysis, and

4) a cross-section calibration engine which suppresses centerline angular deviations as well as recording a history of
geometrical changes while tracing.

 When evaluated on synthetic imagery mimicking cochlea structural complexity and real reconstructed cochlea models, it
consistently produced accurate estimates of centerline coordinates and widths-heights in the presence of noise and spatial
artefacts.

 Validation has shown that the centerline error for the proposed algorithm is below 6 pixels and the average traced pixel
performance is 92.9% of the true centerline pixels on the examined cochlea models. By restricting the image analysis to
the regions of interest, the proposed algorithm performs rapid centerline tracing of the cochlea needed for real-time
surgery (0.48 seconds per electrode insertion).
A Multi-Component Conical Spring Model of Soft Tissue in
Virtual Surgery
Author : BIN DONG,JIANQUN LI, GUOJIE YANG, XIAOCHUN CHENG, (SENIOR MEMBER, IEEE),
AND QINGUO GANG
Published: Received July 7, 2020, accepted July 28, 2020, date of publication August 6, 2020, date of current
version August 20, 2020. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3014730

 With the rapid development of optical system and medical robotic technology, the virtual surgery approach
has achieved good progress but also faces many challenges. Physical and mechanical models of soft tissue
characteristics have been a hot research topic in this field.

 In the present investigation, a physical model with a new multi-component conical spring is proposed, which
replaces the cylindrical spring of the traditional mass-spring model.

 In the new model, a multi-component spring structure has been incorporated that consists of a conical spring
and a linear spring in series.
 Based on the analysis of the nonlinear characteristics of soft tissue, the mechanical model was established
to correspond better with the physical behavior. To determine the parameters for the mechanical model,
the Euler method was deployed.

 The determination of the model parameters was achieved using physical tests.

 Result simulation experiments confirmed that the behavior of the new multi-component conical spring
model proposed in the present paper gives results that are closer to those obtained from real-world
physical tests than were data given by either the mass-conical-spring model or the mass-spring-model.

 Average difference, maximum difference and mean square error values were used for the evaluation. The
accuracy of simulations for soft tissue virtual surgery can be improved by application of the new model
developed in the present study
Biochemical Logic Circuits Based on DNA Combinatorial
Displacement
Author: ENQIANG ZHU1 , CONGZHOU CHEN2 , YONGSHENG RAO 1 , AND WEICHENG XIONG3

Published: Received January 23, 2020, accepted February 11, 2020, date of publication February 14, 2020, date
of current version February 27, 2020. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2974024

 DNA, as an excellent nano-engineering material, contributes to a new computing model, namely, DNA
computing. This model is a type of biological computing, which takes advantage of the high density and high
parallelism of molecules.

 One of the current methods of implementing DNA computing is to construct DNA circuits, among which the
toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement technique is an important method.

 The hybridization of toehold domains provides the start position and accelerates the branch migration process.
Toehold-based DNA combinatorial displacement is a practical method for designing and implementing DNA
circuits.
 In this paper, we designed and simulated a multiplexer using the DNA combinatorial displacement
mechanism to verify its practicability.

 Additionally, we improved and optimized the existing logic INHIBIT gate by leveraging the DNA
combinatorial displacement mechanism so that the DNA strands in the entire chemical reaction network
(CRN) system are capable of coexisting in large quantities.

 Moreover, we applied this improvement to the demultiplexer. Our method provides more capabilities to
larger and more complicated DNA integrated circuits.
Screening of Pathogenic Genes for Colorectal Cancer and Deep
Learning in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
Author: YANKE LI , FUQIANG ZHANG , AND CHENGZHONG XING

Published: Received June 8, 2020, accepted June 16, 2020, date of publication June 22, 2020, date of
current version July 1, 2020. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.300399

 Based on complex networks and machine learning methods, this paper studies the mining of colorectal cancer
treatment genes, and innovatively combines a variety of feature extraction and comparative analysis methods,
from gene network features, gene attribute features, network and attribute integration The three aspects of
characteristics comprehensively excavate the genetic characteristics, and demonstrate the feasibility of the
study through comparative analysis from different perspectives.

 Constructing a colorectal cancer gene network, analyzing the changes in the network structure during the
development of colorectal cancer, and mining the network characteristics of genes are the first issues to be
studied in this paper.
 The analysis of the network structure compares the changes in the network structure of the driver genes in the
Normal network and the Tumor network and the edge mechanism of the driver genes, and the distribution of the
eigenvalues of the driver genes and non-driver genes in the Tumor network.

 During the development of colorectal cancer, the network structure of the gene has changed significantly, and the
prediction results based on the network structure show better prediction results than the non-network structure.

 These findings are feasible for the research direction of this paper. The argument is carried out, and the relevant
analysis results are also given in the article. However, the research method of the thesis is based on network
research, so comparing structural features with non-structural features only shows that structural features have a
good classification ability, and cannot directly explain that modeling using gene networks is better than not using
gene networks.

 Finally, based on the random forest, the optimized classification is improved to reveal the important factors
affecting the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and then to identify the true potential colorectal cancer driver genes,
providing guidance for the clinical research of colorectal cancer and driving gene mining.
THANK YOU