Urban Development as the interface of Regional

Development
From Below In central Java – Indonesia
THE CASE OF SEMARANG METROPOLITAN

Developing the bending of continuum rural-urban:

From agropolitan of rurbanization to the metropolitan area of
Sub urbanization

Prof Sugiono Soetomo,

Architect-Urbanist
Diponegoro university Semarang Indonesia
 THE PROBLEMS

THE URBAN AND REGIONAL PROBLEM IN INDONESIA ( MOST IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES)

THE DISPARITIES IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, THE TENDENCY OF CONCENTRED
URBANIZATION, THE LACK RESOURCES OF LOCAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE POVERTY IN
URBAN AND RURAL AREA.

RESPONS

THE POLARIZED DEVELOPMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT FROM ABOVE ARE ALWAYS THE
NATURAL ACTION OF LAIZES FAIRES ECONOMIC OF POLITICAL DEMOCRATIC,
BUT THE POLITICAL DEMOCRATIC CAN ALSO DECIDE TO EMPOWER AND PUSH THE
BELOW UP, TO EMBALANCE THE TOP DOWN.

THE NATIONAL LEVEL OF PARADIGM OF DEVELOPMENT

THE REFORMATION OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WITH THE AMANDAMENT OF

BASIC LAW OF 1945, THE BIRTH OF THE OTONOMY LAW (Law No 22 year 1999 )
AND ECONOMIC BALANCE LAW ( Law No 25 year 2000 ) :
DEMOCRATIZATION, DECENTRALIZATION BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL
OTONOMY AUTHORITIES AND THE FINANCIAL BALANCE OF CENTRAL AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
 THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARTICIPATION BY ALL POPULATION AND
REGIONS, TOWARD THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FROM BELOW

 strengthening the network from rural area up to the urban area, and from
the small towns up to the metropolitan cities
 promoting the local-resources-based development that is combined with the
outside resources
 promoting the rural area development that is supported by proper
infrastructure and urban centers
 promoting the agriculture development that is supported by non-agriculture
activities in rural area: such as tourism, small scale, house hold industries,
commerce, and transportation
 Promoting the urban development as an interface of the whole regional
development from agropolitan to metropolitan.
 Regionalization as a process of a self commitment cooperation
between local authorities within the cluster region
 THE CASE OF DEVELOPMENT
THE SEMARANG METROPOLITAN REGION (With the 4 local
authorities : 1 Semarang municipality(1.346.675),
3 regencies( Kendal 887.286 ; Demak 996.384 ; Semarang Reg
1.345.675 ) ,
total population : 4.074.812

THE EXTENDING METROPOLITAN :

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUB URBANIZATION IN REGIONAL

CORRIDOR
The diffusion of urbanization, the penetration of urban
and global resources to rural and local area.
 The extending of urban consumption in rural

area
 MAP 1, BUILT- UP AREA OF SEMARANG-METROPOLITAN
Source: The base map of urban agglomeration of
3 Regencies (Semarang, Kendal, Demak) & 1 Municipality of Semarang
 Sub-Urbanization in the semarang
Metropolitan region

Regional natural landscape of

Semarang city

Urban aglomeration in 2000 and the prediction in 2010 Low rise, individual buildings
aglomeration
RURAL

URBAN
 THE AGROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT PUSHED BY THE
DYNAMIZATION OF RURBANIZATION :

THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN CENTRE IN RURAL AREA PBASED

ON LOCAL RESOURCES :
 THE DEVELOMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND TRADITIONAL
RURAL ACTIVITIES
 THE TOURISM RESORT

 THE RURAL REGIONAL MARKET NETWORK

 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
A Favorable international commodity prices/
Localization and diversification of foreign investment
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
B Adequate provision of infrasturcture and basic services/
Support of local economic initiatives and organization VIRTUOUS CYCLE OF
D INVESTMENT IN
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT &
C RURAL RURAL-URBAN LINKAGES

RURAL GROWTH
BASIC/LEADING
REGION SECTORS

1 Primary and 2 Processing/ 3 Demand for

Non-primary Manufacturing Inputs
Employment

4
GLOBAL
Increased
Household Incomes

E TOWNS/CITIES URBAN GROWTH

5 Growth of 6 Growing Sales
Centers for Consumer of Inputs/Producer
Shopping Services

8 METROPOLITAN
7 Rising Demand for Expanding
Health, Welfare and Marketing of Regional
Leisure Services 'Exports'

F G H
Renewal of Economic Broad-based
Resource Base/ Diversification/ Increases in
Environment/ Increasing Income and
Ecology Productivity Welfare
GLOBAL
 REGIONAL NETWORKS
Rural – Urban interdependency model

MIKE DOUGLAS, 1998, A Regional Network Strategy For Reciprocal Rural – Urban Lingkages
 Growth Pole Regional Networks
Industrial Diffusion Model Rural-Urban Interdependency Model

Core Region MODEL

National Extended
Metroloplitan
Regional Regions
Cities
Secondary
Clusters
Agrarian/
Resource
-based Regions
HIERARCHICAL URBAN-TO-RURAL DIFFUSION
Rural Towns and Villages
VERSUS INTERDEPENDENT RURAL-URBAN NETWORKS

Regional Clusters as Complex Rural-Urban (Proto-) Agglomerations

MODEL
CITIES/TOWNS
agro-processing center industrial estate

administrative center tourism center

agric. input/consumer ag. market
convenience center
VILLAGES
rice/grain resource mining
TOURIST
fruit growing animal husbandry RECREATION

Mc Douglas ,1998
 THE CONCEPT
THE INTERACTION OF URBANIZATION AND SUB URBANIZATION
Urban Development as the interface of Regional Development
From Below
THE SPATIAL MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT :
FROM AGROPOLITAN OF RURBANIZATION TO THE METROPOLITAN
OF SUB URBANIZATION

PORT

Metropolitan
CORE
SEMARANG
 CORRIDOR URBAN RURAL
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Compact
K O TA
P U S AT Desentralize
M E T R O P O LITA N
Linear Hierarchy
Urban Suburban Rurban
DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL ECONOMIC
TOD (transit oriented development)
AGRICULTURAL AND NATURAL

CONSERVATION
CORRIDOR ARTERY REGIONAL
NETWORK WITH
THE PARAREL FRONTAGE
ROAD

AGRICULTURE
NATURE
 REGIONALIZATION
 THE PROCESSUS OF SELF COOPERATION OF LOCAL
AUTHORITIES AND FORMING THE REGIONAL
CLUSTER MANAGEMENT

REGIONAL FORUM OF THE HEAD OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES

EXECUTIVES BOARD
REPRESENTATIVES OF EXECUTIVE LOCAL AUTHORITIES

STAKEHOLDER REGIONAL MANAGER FACILITATORS

 THANK YOU