Energy Crisis of

Pakistan

Naimat Rasool
AS 32
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1
 Sequence of Presentation
Some Key Situational
01 Questions 02 Analysis
Thesis Problems
03 Statement 04 Plaguing the
Energy Sector
05 Conclusion 06 Way Forward

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2
 Some Key Questions
Capacity Transmission &
A D
How much we are Distribution
Is current sytem of transmission &
producing? distribution workable?

Potential Energy Generation

B E
Do we have potential to Mix
Do we have a stable energy
produce more? generation mix?

Tariff Structure Public Private

C F
Tariff structure justifies the Partnership
Is private power policy
production costs? sustainable?

3
3
 Situational Analysis

Installed
Demand Circular Debt
Capacity
37261 MW 28672 MW Rs 2.5 tr

Avg
T & D losses
Consumption
529 Kwh/capita 18-20 %
4
4
“Financially Unviable and
Operationally Impaired”
Availabilty, Affordability and
Sustainability

5
5
 Problems Plaguing
the Energy Sector
Transmission
Generation Governance
& Distribution

6
6
 A. Generation Issues
Unsustainable Energy Generation Mix
Energy Generation 70
59.42
Mix 60
50
40
30.52
Loss of Production 30

Capacity 20
7.82
10
2.23
0
Thermal Hydel Nuclear Renewable

7
7
 B. Transmission & Distribution
Transmission & Issues
Transmission & Distribution Losses
Distribution Inefficiencies 20
18
18-20 % 18
16
Transmission 14

Constraints 12

%
10
2200 MW 8
6
7
Theft & Low 6
4
5
4
Recoveries
88 %
2
0
Malaysia China USA Australia Pakistan

8
8
 C. Governance Issues
Unsustainable Tariff Production Cost & Tariff
Structure 16 15
14
12
12

Unsustainable Private 10

Rs/Kwh
Sector Investment 8

6
Take or Pay Policy 4

0
Production Cost Tariff

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9
 C. Governance Issues (Cont.)
Circular Debt
Rs 2.5 tr GENCOs

Failure to Create
Demand Consumers CPPA
Avg Per Capita Energy Consumption
12997
11953
Avg Consumption
(Kwh/Capita)

DISCOs NTDC

529
10
US UAE Pakistan 10
 Conclusion
Energy sector of Pakistan is financially
unviable and operationally impaired and
the one of the biggest stumbling blocks to
the fiscal health and economic progress of
the country. Energy security of the country
gets hampered due to the unaffordable and
unsustainable nature of the system.
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11
Way Forward

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 Way Forward
Rectifying the Rationalizing the
Energy Generation Private Power
Mix Contracts
- Indigenization of Energy Generation
- Shift towards Renewable Energy

Revolutionalizing Controlling Power Theft

the Distribution & Tariff Rationalization
System
-Private Sector Investmnets
-Devolution to the Local Govt
-More Distribution Corridors

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 Way Forward (Cont.)

National Consensus for Integrated Power

Energy Security Planning

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 Bibliography
1) Economic Survey of Pakistan 2021-22
2) State of Industry Report 2021 by NEPRA
3) Beyond the Crisis State
4) Pakistan’s power challenges and way forward
5) The Analytical Angle: Addressing the woes of
Pakistan’s electricity distribution sector

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Thank you!

Questions?

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