Why This Course??

Whats in This Course??

1
 Whys this Course
• Low-power is a current need in VLSI design.
• Increased Transistor Density on chip
• Increased market demand for portable devices.
• Environmental concerns

What to Learn
Design practices that reduce power consumption at least by one order of magnitude;
in practice 50% reduction is often acceptable.
 Contents of this course
• Need of Low Power CMOS circuits

• Understand the impact of power on system performances

• Learn architectural and design approaches

• Identify suitable techniques to reduce power dissipation in

combinational and sequential circuits.
• Analyze and design Low-Voltage Low-Power combinational
circuits and memories

3
 What all We will learn?

– Algorithms and architectures

– High-level and software techniques

– Gate and circuit-level methods

– Power estimation techniques

– Test power

4
 Why to Learn??

Whats the Scope??

5
 Scope in India

• India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) 

• Government is focused on building the overall
semiconductor ecosystem
• For vision of AtmaNirbharta in electronics &
semiconductors - Govt has approved the Semicon
India programme with INR 76,000 crore for the
development of semiconductor and display
manufacturing ecosystem in our country.

6
Aim:
To make India
“a global hub for Semiconductor Design, Manufacturing and
Technology Development “
which will help propel the vision of India Semiconductor Mission. 7
Scope Across the Globe

Higher Studies
Opportunities

8
Placement opportunities

9
 Research Areas
An ultra-low power CMOS image sensor with on-chip
energy harvesting and power management capability.
Low-Power RF SOI-CMOS Technology for Distributed Sensor Networks

A Low-Power All-Digital on-Chip CMOS Oscillator for a Wireless Sensor Node.

A low-power CMOS smart temperature sensor for RFID application

A Low-power CMOS BFSK Transceiver for Health Monitoring Systems.

An ultra-low-power CMOS temperature sensor for RFID applications

A Low Power Digital Accumulation Technique for Digital-Domain CMOS 

TDI Image Sensor.

10
Study material

11
THANK YOU

12
 Introduction
Hearing Aids
Aim: To improve the quality of hearing in patients with hearing losses.
Function: To selectively amplify the audio signals.
Target: To provide proper hearing compensation for people with hearing loss .
Need: To provide different sound decomposition schemes in order to cope with needs of
different patients

13
Introduction

Rationale & Rationale and Significance

Significance
Survey &
Expert Review
• Hearing Health Facts
Literature
Review
• About Hearing Loss
Problem
statement
• About Hearing Aids
Research
Objectives • Alarming Statistics of Hearing Loss
Proposed
Methodology • Need for Addressing this Health and Research area
Expected
Outcome
Proposed
Budget and
Equipments
Required

References
14
 Rationale and Significance
Hearing Health Facts
About Hearing Loss
•Over 5% of the world’s population (466 million people) has disabling hearing loss
•Increased from 360 million people five years ago.
•Number of Hearing Impaired people is growing twice as fast as the general population
•Third most common health problem affecting relations and quality of Life

Why extremely essential to address

•By 2050, WHO predicts- Around 900 million people will have a disabling hearing
loss. 
•The unaddressed hearing loss costs countries an estimated US$ 750 billion
annually in direct health costs and loss of productivity

Source: World Health Organization. Deafness and Hearing Loss – Fact Sheet (2018) 15
 Rationale & Significance
Some Alarming Medical Facts
Memory Loss & Hearing Loss
•Adults with Hearing loss develops a significant impairment in their cognitive

abilities 3.2 years sooner than those with normal hearing

•Hearing Impaired experience 30-40% greater decline in their thinking
capabilities
Dementia & Hearing Loss
•Mild Hearing Loss - 2 times more likely to develop Dementia
•Moderate Hearing Loss - 3 times more likely to develop Dementia
•Severe Hearing Loss - 5 times more likely to develop Dementia

16
 Rationale & Significance
Hearing Health Facts
About Hearing Aids
•95% of hard of hearing people can be helped by hearing aids
•In Developed Countries - only 15-20% of people with hearing loss using hearing
aids
•In Developing
Potential users ofCountries-
Hearing only
Aids1 in 40 of needy have access or prefer to use hearing
aids
•Those with mild to severe hearing loss
•Aging listeners
•Children with hearing difficulties
•People with acquired or progressive hearing loss
•People who experience tinnitus

Source: World Health Organization. Deafness and Hearing Loss – Fact Sheet (2018) 17
 Rationale & Significance
Statistics of Hearing Impaired People who need to be addressed

People with Hearing Loss

(Not able to hear high pitched sounds)

No. of People with hearing loss

of >25 dB
18
Introduction

Rationale &
Survey and Review of
Significance Audiologists and Consumers
Survey & Attempt to look at hearing Aids from audiologist and consumer’s perspective
Expert
Review Visit to Audiologist Dr. Ashutosh Dubey, HEARING care clinic & Child
Development Centre (Affiliated to Big Ears, KEM Hospital, Ruby Hall Clinic,
Literature
Review Appollo, Medipoint)
Problem Face to Face Interaction with 2 Hearing Impaired Patients
statement
Expert talk of Dr. Jitendra Mohan Hane (ENT Surgeon)- Padmashree
Research Awardee about hearing loses and challenges of hearing aids
Objectives
Patent Landscape Report On Assistive Devices And Technologies For Visually
Proposed
And Hearing Impaired Persons- World Intellectual Property Organization (2016)
Methodology
Expected
Discussion with Mrs. Preeti Jadhav at Swaranaad- Preschool (Cochlea Pune for
Outcome Hearing & Speech) , near RTO Pune
Proposed Annual Consumer Report of Unitron and Otocon - 2017(Major players in
Budget and Hearing Aids)
Equipments
Quarterly Audiologist Survey  (2018 ) by Hearing Tracker/UBS Evidence Lab
Required
(Survey from over 360 audiologists)
References 19
 Understanding Consumer’s Perspective
How important are the following attributes What percent of patients present the
when selecting a hearing aid for patient? following levels of hearing loss?  

1-Least Important 10- Most Important

20
Source: Quarterly Audiologist Survey  (2018 )- Survey from over 360 audiologists
Technical Categorization & Total Invention count for Assistive
devices & technologies for Visually & Hearing Impaired

21
Source: Patent Landscape Report - World Intellectual Property Organization
Introduction
Review Of
Related Literature
Rationale &
Significance

Survey & Attempt to look at Hearing Aids from Researcher’s &

Expert Review
Manufacturers perspective
Literature
Review Review of research papers
Problem Handbook of 6th International Symposium on Auditory and
statement Audiological Research ISAAR 2017 “Adaptive Processes in Hearing”
Research (August 23-25, 2017 Denmark)
Objectives
Product reviews of hearing aid manufacturers like Unitron, Starkey, Otocon
Proposed
Methodology Simon Carlile, Gregory Ciccarelli, Jane Cockburn, Anna C. Diedesch, Megan K.
Expected Finnegan, Ervin Hafter, Simon Henin, Sridhar Kalluri, Alexander J. E. Kell, Erol J.
Outcome Ozmeral, Casey L. Roark, and Jessica E. Sagers, “Listening Into 2030 Workshop:
An Experiment in Envisioning the Future of Hearing and Communication
Proposed
Science”, Trends in Hearing, 2017
Budget and
Equipments
Required Book Chapter - Payton Lin, Advances in Clinical Audiology- (indexed in
Web of Science) “Temporal Filterbanks in Cochlear Implant Hearing and
References Deep Learning Simulations”, published by Intech, 2017 (Chapter:8) 22
Introduction

Rationale &
Literature Review
Significance
PAPER TITLE AUTHOR & METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION
Survey & PUBLICATIONS
Expert Review
A Comprehensive N.Subbulakshmi and Various filter banks Survey
Survey on Filter Bank R. Manimegalai were focussed on presented on
Literature Designs for Digital Asian Journal of Information with their Pros and filter banks
Review Hearing Aids. Technology ,190-199,2017 Cons that are
suitable for
Problem hearing aids
statement Reconfigurable Sound Dr. V purushothaman, FIR filter bank low power
Research Wave Filter bank with Dr. P Thirusakthimurugan, specifications and dissipation
Objectives Low Power 16-channel Dr. P Rameshbabu, Dr A design and smaller IC
bank core with Gopal area
Proposed Adaptive Band for International Journal of
Methodology Hearing Aids Pure and Applied
Expected Mathematics
Outcome Volume 116 No. 21 ,2017,
479-484
Proposed
Design of Nisha Haridas ,Elizabeth Farrow based Minimizes the
Budget and reconfigurable low- Elias, variable bandwidth no. of
Equipments complexity digital Journal of Applied Research filter multipliers
Required hearing aid using and Technology 14 (2016) and low
Farrow structure 154–165 complexity
References based variable
23
bandwidth filters.
Introduction

Rationale & Literature Review

Significance
TITLE AUTHOR & METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION
Survey & PUBLICATIONS
Expert Review
A Reconfigurable RLS R.Rajakumari , Survey of various Various filter
Filter For Hearing guide P.Kalpanadevi & filter bank banks are
Literature Systems IJISET - International strutcures and analyzed
Review Journal of Innovative algorithms
Science, Engineering &
Problem Technology, Vol. 3, April
statement 2016,289-293.
Research Reconfigurable Low Amir.A., Filter Bank Reduction in
Objectives Complexity Hearing Aid Rakesh Inani, consists of Hardware
System using Adjustable Bindiya T. S & masking stage Complexity
Proposed Filter Bank IEEE 2016,2684-2689. and multiple
Methodology passband
generation
Expected
stage.
Outcome
Design of Digital Fir Non- Balajis.Sawant, A reconfigurable Complexity is
Proposed uniform Reconfigurable Sanjay L. Nalbalwar, digital FIR filter greatly
Budget and Filter Bank for Hearing Swarali Sheth, bank generating Decreased,
Equipments Impairments International Journal of 21 different sub better
Required Industrial Electronics and bands is matching
Electrical Engineering, implemented error.
Volume-3, Issue-7, July-
References 24
2015.
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Literature Review
Survey & TITLE AUTHOR & METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION
Expert Review PUBLICATIONS
A Reconfigurable Shaoguang Huang , The reconfigurable Satisfactory
Literature Sound Wave Lan Tian , filterbank is based on matching
Decomposition Xiaojie Ma , cosine-modulated performance
Review
Filterbank for Hearing Ying Wei filterbank and non- ,low
Problem Aids Based on IEEE Transactions on linear transformation. complexity
statement Nonlinear Biomedical Circuits And and delay
Transformation Systems,2015
Research
Design of Low Ying Wei, A flexible filter bank Low
Objectives Complexity Adjustable Yinfeng Wang & based on fractional complexity(N
Proposed Filter Bank IEEE/ACM Transactions On interpolation is o. of
Methodology for Personalized Audio, Speech, And proposed multipliers
Hearing Aid Solutions Language Processing, VOL. per band), &
Expected 23, NO. 5, MAY 2015 Delay is also
Outcome reduced.
Proposed VLSI based G. Madhusudhanan, A Reconfigurable Delay is
Budget and Performance M. Athappan Filter bank which Reduced and
Equipments Improvement in Digital International Journal of comprises of a Provides
Required Hearing Aid Using Engineering Research & multiband generation better
Reconfigurable Filter Technology (IJERT),1117- block and sub-band matching
1121,2014. selection block is error.
References proposed. 25
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Literature Review
Survey & TITLE AUTHOR & METHODOLOGY CONCLUSION
Expert Review PUBLICATIONS
A 16-Band James T. George , Non-uniform digital FIR Reduction in
Literature Reconfigurable Elizabeth Elias & filter bank structure is power
Hearing Aid using Global Journal of realized with variable Consumption,
Review
Variable Researches in Engineering, bandwidth Filters. programmability
Problem Bandwidth Filters Volume 14 Issue 1,2014 and affordable
delay
statement
An Improved A.Jayeshma, Fractional Good Matching &
Research
Fractional Fourier D.Sunderlin Shibu & Fourier transform filter Reduced Delay.
Objectives Transform Based International Journal of for reduction of noise in (3 prototype filters
Proposed Reconfigurable Engineering Trends and hearing aids. needed)
Methodology Filter Bank for Technology (IJETT) – By changing values of
Hearing Aid Volume 10 ,2014 control signals-transfer
Expected 276-279. function of filter bank
Outcome can be changed
Proposed Design of Sneha Raj, Filter bank is based on Low power
Budget and Reconfigurable Athira Shaji& Variable Bandwidth consumption due
Equipments Digital Filter Bank International Journal of Filter. CIC filters are used to multiplier less
Required for Hearing Aid Science and Research as sample rate structure,
(IJSR) ,2013. converters and Reduction in area .
Distributed Arithmetic
References based FIR filters . 26
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Findings from the Survey and Reviews
Survey &
Expert Review
Bottlenecks in the area of work and Need for research
Need for hearing aid with improved sound quality and speech
Literature perception which requires better matching with audiogram of
Review hearing impaired
Problem
statement
Need for hearing aid that provide diverse sound decomposition
schemes to manage the varying needs of different patients.
Research
Objectives
Proposed Need for more Flexible, natural, humanized and personalized
Methodology hearing aids so that patients are likely to use the most suitable
Expected scheme for their own hearing compensation.
Outcome
Proposed
Need for reduced size, latency and power leading to Aesthetics
Budget and requirement and Comfort of user
Equipments
Required

References 29
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Statement of the Problem
Survey &
Expert Review
To develop reconfigurable digital hearing aid and
Literature
Review evaluate its performance to surmount performance
Problem
statement
issues in existing hearing aids such as matching error,
Research speech perception, latency, power and area
Objectives
Proposed requirements leading to betterment of hearing
Methodology
impaired.
Expected
Outcome
.
Proposed
Budget and
Equipments
Required

References 30
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance Research Objectives
Survey &
Expert Review
• To review and compare various filter bank designs and signal
Literature processing algorithms for hearing aids.
Review
Problem • To develop reconfigurable filter bank for hearing aids to
statement
surmount few of the performance issues in hearing aids like
Research matching error, speech perception, latency, power, area
Objectives
Proposed
Methodology
• To develop experimental set up / prototype for verification and
Expected
testing.
Outcome
Proposed
Budget and • To analyze and evaluate the performance of the proposed system
Equipments and validate the results.
Required

References 31
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Proposed Methodology
Survey & Expert
Review

Literature
Review
Problem
statement

Research
Objectives
Proposed
Methodology
Expected
Outcome
Proposed
Budget and
Equipments
Required

References 32
 Proposed Methodology (Cont’d)
Audiogram study and analysis of Hearing Impaired subjects for requirement gathering

Comprehensive literature review: To review various existing filter bank designs and signal
processing algorithms for hearing aids and assess their advantages and drawbacks
w.r.t hearing aid applications
To propose algorithm/technique : Propose speech processing algorithm/technique for
improved speech perception for better hearing comfort of hearing impaired patients.

To develop reconfigurable filter bank structure and simulate the proposed algorithm:
To achieve this, Following software and tools are proposed:
 MATLAB with signal processing toolbox and HDL coder
 MATLAB FDA tool -for filter design
 MATLAB and Simulink - for the algorithm and system design
 MATLAB system generator to map with Vivado

To develop experimental set up/Prototype on Reconfigurable hardware for verification.

For this, Following equipments are proposed:
 Xilinx FPGA (Genesys 2 board with audio Codec) with Vivado Design Suite
 ChipScope Pro Analyzer tool - signal simulation and analysis
 Xilinx XPowerAnalyzer- power consumption analysis
To test and validate the results on a set of hearing-impaired subjects and evaluate the
33
performance
Assistance, Guidance and Support for Data gathering

• School Of Basic Medical Sciences under Savitribai Phule Pune university

provides biomedical facilities in audiometry and facilitates research in this
domain.

• Digital Audio Processing Lab at IIT Bombay

• Audiology and Speech language Pathology, Bhartiya Vidyapeeth-Pune

• Hearing centres for acquiring databaseof hearing impaired

 Mandake hearing clinic- Aundh, Pune
 HEARING care clinic & Child Development Centre- Pune

34
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Expected Outcome
Survey & Expert
Review • Provide diverse sound decomposition schemes to manage
Literature the varying needs of different patients
Review • Personalized hearing aids tailor-made to suit the
Problem individual's requirements thus improving the
statement “Individuality” of Hearing Aid.
• Optimization in performance parameters like matching
Research
Objectives error, speech intelligibility, latency, power, area
requirements, etc.
Proposed • Attempt to reduce the gap between the potential and
Methodology
actual hearing aid users and reduce the terrifying
Expected human tribulations associated with hearing loss.
Outcome • May help audiologists owing to its capability to be
Proposed customized as per patient's need, increasing the
Budget and satisfaction level of hearing impaired and thus can be a
Equipments
small contribution to society in general.
Time Frame &
Work Schedule
35
References
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance Proposed Budget
Survey & Expert
Review
Total Proposed Budget: Rs. 2,85,000/-
Literature
Review
Problem Budget Head First Year Second Year Total Estimate
statement Estimate Estimate
Research
Objectives Equipments 1,50,000 50,000 1,50,000
Proposed
Methodology Chemicals & 20,000 30,000 50,000
Glassware
Expected
Outcome Books 5000 15,000 15,000

Proposed Field Work & 5000 15,000 15,000

Budget and Travel
Equipments Contingency 5000 10,000 15,000
Time Frame &
(Special needs)
Work Schedule Hiring Services 15,000 35,000 40,000
36
References Annual Total 2,00,000 85,000 2,85,000
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance Equipments Required
Survey & Expert
Review Equipment Name Equipment Model Equipment Remark
Literature
Review Genesys 2 Kintex-7 FPGA Xilinx Kintex-7™ For audio processing
Development Board FPGA (XC7K325T- and implementation
Problem With Vivado® Design 2FFG900C) of reconfigurable
statement
Suite filter bank structure
Research on FPGA
Objectives With supporting cables
(Aux cable, USB to
Proposed
Methodology
micro, JTAG prog
cable)and accessories
Expected
Outcome MATLAB License with MATLAB R2018a For Filter design,
Signal processing Perpetual license algorithm simulation
Proposed toolbox and HDL coder (For
Budget and education purpose)
Equipments
Time Frame &
Work Schedule
37
References
Introduction

Rationale &
Significance
Time Frame & Work Schedule
Survey & Expert
Review
Literature
Review
Problem
statement

Research
Objectives
Proposed
Methodology
Expected
Outcome

Proposed
Budget and
Equipments

Time Frame &

Work Schedule
38
References
Introduction

Rationale & References

Significance
[1] World Health Organization. Deafness and Hearing Loss – Fact Sheet;
Survey & Expert Updated on March, 2018. Available from:
Review http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/ [Last accessed on
Literature 2018 April].
Review [2] Quarterly Audiologist Survey ; updated for 2018.Available from
Problem https://www.hearingtracker.com/audiologist-survey [Last accessed on
statement 2018 April].
[3] Nick Solomon and Pardeep Bhandari , "Patent Landscape Report on
Research Assistive Devices and Technologies for Visually and Hearing Impaired
Objectives Persons" prepared for WIPO [ 2015] ; Available from
Proposed http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_949_1.pdf [Last
Methodology accessed on 2018 March].
Expected
[4] Adaptive Processes in Hearing-Handbook of 6th International Symposium
Outcome
on Auditory and Audiological Research ISAAR 2017; Available from
http://www.zone51.dk/programme/isaar2017_programme.pdf [Last
Proposed accessed on 2018 February]
Budget and [5] Simon Carlile, Gregory Ciccarelli, et al. “Listening into 2030 Workshop:
Equipments An Experiment in Envisioning the Future of Hearing and Communication
Science”, Trends in Hearing, 2017 ; Available from
Time Frame &
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2331216517737684 [Last
Work Schedule
accessed on 2018 March].
09/29/22 39
References
 References
[6] N.Subbulakshmi and R. Manimegalai," A Comprehensive Survey on Filter Bank Designs for Digital
Hearing Aids", Asian Journal of Information Technology 16(2-5):1
90-199,2017
[7] Dhanya N, D Raja Godwin, "Reconfigurable Filter Bank Structures For Hearing Aid Applications",
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 118 No. 11 2018, 805-812, DOI:
10.12732/ijpam.v118i11.104
[8] Dr. V purushothaman,Dr. P Thirusakthimurugan, Dr. P Rameshbabu, Dr A Gopal," Reconfigurable
Sound Wave Filter bank with Low Power 16-channel bank core with Adaptive Band for Hearing Aids
", International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics" Volume 116 No. 21 ,2017, 479-484
[9] Reshma A.S, Manju Manuel, " Reconfigurable Digital FIR Filter bank for Hearing Aids using
Minimax Algorithms ", International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics ICEI, 2017
DOI: 10.1109/ICOEI.2017.8300815
[10] Nisha Haridas ,Elizabeth Elias," Efficient variable bandwidth filters for digital hearing aid using
Farrow structure", Journal of Advanced Research (2016) 7,255-262
[11] Nisha Haridas ,Elizabeth Elias," Design of reconfigurable low-complexity digital hearing aid using
Farrow structure based variable bandwidth filters", Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 14
(2016) 154–165 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

40
 References
[12] James T. George, Elizabeth Elias,"A 16-Band Reconfigurable Hearing Aid using Variable
Bandwidth Filters", Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, Volume 14 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2014, Online ISSN: 2249-
4596 & Print ISSN: 0975-5861
[13] Aravind Illa, Nisha Haridas ,Elizabeth Elias," Design of Multiplier-less FIR Filters with
Simultaneously Variable bandwidth and Fractional Delay", Engineering Science and
Technology, an International Journal 19 (2016) 1160-1165 Available online at
www.sciencedirect.com
[14] Sneha Raj, Athira Shaji, Design of Reconfigurable Digital Filter Bank for Hearing Aid,"
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 2015 ISSN (Online): 2319-7064
[15] Shaoguang Huang , Lan Tian , Xiaojie Ma , Ying Wei, " A Reconfigurable Sound Wave
Decomposition Filterbank for Hearing Aids Based on Nonlinear Transformation ", IEEE
Transactions on Biomedical Circuits And Systems,2015
[16] Ying Wei, Yinfeng Wang, " Design of Low Complexity Adjustable Filter Bank for
Personalized Hearing Aid Solutions ", IEEE/ACM Transactions On Audio, Speech, And
Language Processing, Vol. 23, No. 5, May 2015

41
 References
[17] M. S. Deshpande, R. S. Holambe, “Speaker Discrimination using higher order formant
frequencies,” Proceedings of the second International
conference on Advances in Computer Vision and Information Technology (ACVIT-
2009), Aurangabad, pp. 825-830, Dec. 2009 (ISBN 978-93-80026-95-4)
[18] Peter John Blamey, G.J. Dooley, José Ignacio Alcántara, E.S. Gerin, Peter Seligman,"
Formant-based processing for hearing aids, December 1993, Speech Communication
13(3):453-461 DOI 10.1016/0167-6393(93)90044-L
[19] Abdul Rehman Buzdar, Azhar Latif, Liguo Sun, Abdullah Buzdar ," FPGA Prototype
Implementation of Digital Hearing Aid from Software to Complete Hardware Design ",
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications,2016
[20] P. Figuli, C. Tradowsky, J. A. Lucio Martinez, H. Sidiropoulos, K. Siozios, H.
Stenschke, D. Soudris, and J. Becker, "A Novel Concept for Adaptive Signal Processing
on Reconfigurable Hardware",  International Workshop on Applied Reconfigurable
Computing (ARC), pp. 311-320, April 2015, Bochum, Germany.

42
 References
[21] R.Rajakumari , P. Kalpanadevi, “A Reconfigurable RLS Filter For Hearing guide
Systems ”,IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering &
Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 4, April 2016.,289-293.
[22] Balajis.Sawant , Sanjay L. Nalbalwar , Swarali Sheth, “Design Of Digital FIR Non-
Uniform Reconfigurable Filter Bank For Hearing Impairments ”, International Journal
Of Industrial Electronics And Electrical Engineering,.2015,Volume-3, Issue-7,82-85.
[23] A F. Jahn, J SantosSacchi, Physiology of the Ear. Singular; 2nd edition. Columbia.,
2001

[24] Brian C.J.Moore, An Introduction to the Psychology of Hearing, Sixth Edition, Brill
Publishing, 2013 (ISBN 978-90-04-25242-4)

[25] J.M.Pickett, The Acoustics of Speech Communication, Allyn & Bacon Publishing, 1998
(ISBN 0-205-19887-2)

43
 References
[26] http://unitron.com/content/unitron/global/en/consumer/hearing-aids/about-hearing-
aids.html Last accessed on 2018 April]
[27] https://www.starkey.com/hearing-aids [Last accessed on 2018 April]
[28] https://www.oticon.com/solutions [Last accessed on 2018 April]
[29] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4172287 [Last accessed on 2018
March]
[30] Mathworks Documentation on Hardware Software Codesign with Zynq ; Available
From https://in.mathworks.com/help/hdlcoder/examples/getting-started-with-
hardware-software-codesign-workflow-for-xilinx-zynq-platform.html [Last accessed
on 2018 April]

44
Thank You

45