Routine and Non-routine Problems

Involving Different Types of Numerical

Expressions and Equations
 PROPERTIES OF EQUALITIES

Addition Property of Equality states that if you have a

number to one side, you must add it to the other.
For example: if 5+2=3+4, then 5+2+3=3+4+3
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITIES

Subtraction Property of Equality states that if you

subtract a number from one side, you must subtract it from
the other.
For example: if x+2=2x−3, then x+2−1=2x−3−1
 PROPERTIES OF EQUALITIES

Multiplication Property of Equality states that if you

multiply a number to one side, you must multiply it by the
other. This property allows you to solve division equations.
For example: then
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITIES

Division Property of Equality allows you to solve

multiplication equations because what you divide on one
side, you must divide on the other.
For example: 2x = 8 then =
 In solving word problems involving different types of numerical
expressions and equations, we can use this Problem-Solving
Strategy:

1.Identify what we are looking for.

2.Define a variable to represent that quantity.
3.Translate into an equation. It may be helpful to restate the
problem in one sentence with all the important information.
Then, translate the English sentence into an algebraic
equation.
4. Solve the equation using good algebra techniques.
a. Simplify each side of the equation by removing
parentheses and combining like terms. b. Use
addition or subtraction to isolate the variable term on
one side of the equation. c. Use multiplication or
division to solve for the variable.
5. Check the answer in the problem and make sure it
makes sense.
6. Answer the question with a complete sentence.
 Routine Problem Solving
Example 1
 Solving equation with addition and subtraction property of equality.

The Angeles family recycled newspapers for two months.

The two months of newspapers weighed a total of 57 pounds.
The second month, the newspapers weighed 28 pounds. How
much was the newspapers’ weight on the first month?
Solution:
Strategy Answer
 Identify what we are  Identify what we are
looking for. Figure out looking for. Figure out
the unknown quantity. the unknown quantity.

 Define a variable to  Let w = weight of the

represent that quantity. newspaper on the first
We can choose any letter month
for the variable.
 STRATEGY ANSWER

 Translate into an equation. Restate

 Two months
the problem in one sentence with all
the important information. Look for  weight (57) first month and
clue words. Then into an algebraic second month(28)
equation.
 57 = w + 28
 Solve the equation using good ______________________________
algebra techniques. 57 = w+28
Subtract 28 from each side. Here, we 57-28 = w+28-28
use subtraction to isolate the variable
29 = w
term on one side of the equation.
Simplify.
 STRATEGY ANSWER

 Check the answer in the Yes

problem and make sure it makes 57 = w+28
sense. 57 = 29+28
Is the answer reasonable? Does 57 = 57
first month’s weight plus 2nd
month’s weight equal 57 pounds?

 The newspapers weigh 29

 Answer the question with a
pounds on the first month.
complete sentence.
 Example 2:
Solving equation with multiplication and division property of equality

Pilar bought a wallet on sale for PhP125, which is

one-half of the original price. What was the original
price of the wallet?
 Example 3
Solving equation using more than one property

Alexa bought 2 bags and some blouses. If the

blouses cost PhP500.00 and she paid PhP1,000.00 in all,
how much did she pay for each bag?
 Non-routine Problem Solving

Example 4:

The sum of twice a number and seven is 15. Find the

number.
 Example 5

Half a number plus 5 is 11. What is the number?

Answer Activity 1 in your LAS Module