PSYCHOLOGY

REPORT BY JUDE ALLEN

AND GENESIS LENON
 PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology- is the scientific study of mind
and behavior including the emotions,
personality, feelings, thoughts, and how the
brain functions.
Studies more the behaviour, rather than
just the mind.
PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology is derived from 2 Greek words, psyche, meaning
the mind, soul or spirit and logos, meaning to study.

A professional practitioner
or researcher Involved in the
discipline called A
psychologist.
The Purpose of Psychology
• Psychology aims to change and to
improve People's lives.
• Analyzes how the people think, act and
feel through various ways.
• To help us control our behavior
• Analyzes the causes of mental issues.
Different methods of Psychology:
• INSPECTION- Psychologist obtain data from the
subject or participants feelings and experiences.
Data are then analyzed and Interpreted.
• OSBERVATION METHOD- This is both visual and
oral. Psychologist applying these method the subject
in the laboratory, classroom or institution. He
records his observations and later he analyzes them.
• EXPERIMENTAL METHOD- This is a testing theory by
accurate trial of controlled situation; psychological
experiment recheck how certain belief is.
Different methods of Psychology:
• SURVEY METHOD- This method utilizes
questionnare to obtain data from a large group of
sample. Interview is also applied in this method
when sources of respondents are not large.
• EMPIRICAL METHOD- This is obtaining data by
way of direct or indirect experimental. Recorded
data is analyzed both quantitatively and
qualitatively.
Branches of Psychology:
• GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY. This concerns the basic principle of
human behavior. It attempts to explain the why and how
people behave in a way under certain situation.
• CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY. This is also called Counseling
Psychology. It deals with a scientific solution to a
psychological problem. This particular branch also include
control and prevention of some problems by a process called
psychotherapy or counseling.
• ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY. It is called abnormal
because it primarily deals with abnormalities. It
includes determining of the person who has
abnormalities so that practitioners of this branch are
usually found in the Human Resource Department.
Branches of Psychology:
• EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY. This focuses on
psychological stimuli in human being. It is about the ability
in acquiring linguistic skills, person's state of mind. It works
on how children get cue from the stimuli.
• COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY. It basically deals with capability
to solve problem, which also includes process like thinking,
analyzing, memorizing and many more.
• LEGAL PSYCHOLOGY. Like the clinical and cognitive
psychology, legal psychology deals with handling
psychological issues. It only differs on the legal point of view.
Legal psychologists assist investigators to analyze
testimonies of witnesses and victims.
Branches of Psychology:
• EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY. This is the branch of Psychology taught in
colleges. It deals with usual student problems like learning disorders, sex
education, problems on adolescence particularly shyness and many more.
• DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. Development as the word suggests this
branch of Psychology deals primarily with human growth and changes.
Early childhood development and later changes in human are concern of
this branch. This branch seeks to identify developmental disorders and
prescribes treatment of them.
• PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY. This branch deals with personality
asdetermined using the subject's I.Q. Psychologist applies I.Q. test to gauge
understanding. This is commonly used in interviews to test a performance.
 The Origin of Psychology

•Psychology began in 1879 in

Leipzig, Germany and the founder
is Wilhelm Wundt.

•The Father of Psychology is

Wilhelm Wundt.

•He is the first Psychologist in the

world.
Wundt's Contributions
• He established the very first Psychology
Laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879.
• His Greatest Contributions was to show that
Psychology could be a valid experimental
science.
• Used the scientific method to study the
structure of sensation and perception
 Freud: History and
Concepts

The Id, Ego, and Superego

The ID, Ego, And Superego

• Freud separated personality into 3 major

components. The Id, the Ego, and the
Superego. Freud believed that these forces
worked to create a person's behavior. They
interact with each other and eventually
determined personality.
 I.D
• The Id: The id is the very immature component of
personality. It operates only on the pleasure
principal with no regard for anything else. One
could say that it is completely instinctual. Freud
referred to the id as the reservoir of psychic energy.
It only consists of our basic biological needs. To eat,
sleep, defecate, etc... The id is only a primary
process thinker, so it is primitive, irrational, and
illogical.
 Superego
• The Superego: The superego is our morals,
principals, and ethics. It considers the social
standards for social behavior and guides us on what
is right and wrong. The superego begins to develop
between 3 and 5 years of age. It is mostly shaped
by what we learn as young children from adults.
Eventually we accept this training as a part of who
we are. We put pressure on ourselves to live up to
how we think we should behave.
 Ego
• The Ego: The ego is the moderator between the ego
and the superego. It operates on the reality
principal. It makes the decisions that dictate
behavior. The ego also considers social realities,
norms, ediquette, rules, and customs when it
makes a decision on how to behave. It seeks to
delay gratification of the id's urges until appropriate
outlets can be found. It uses secondary process
thinking to avoid negative consequences from
society.
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