Kingdom Animalia

Evolutionary tree of major animal phyla:

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X

Study figure from textbook.

Also, study table 22-1
 Kingdom Animalia
Evolution of the coelom (body cavity):
 Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Annelida

Phylum Annelida – segmented worms (~12,000 species) - general characteristics:

Bilaterally symmetrical, segmented worms

Digestive tract complete, usually with regional specializaiton

Closed circulatory system

Nervous system well developed

Marine, terrestrial, and freshwater species exist
Include earthworms, marine polychaetes, and leaches
 Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Annelida

Generally speaking, annelids are a very

diverse group, particularly the marine
polychaetes which may have highly
developed appendages.
 Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Arthropoda
Phylum Arthropoda – Insects, spiders, crustaceans, etc. (>1,000,000 species – maybe
up to 10,000,000??)
General characteristics:

Body segmented, both internally and externally

Most groups have a strong tendency toward regional body specialization

Cuticle made up of chitin makes up a well developed exoskeleton. In some

groups, the chitinous cuticle is calcified

Most have very efficient and well developed gas exchange, circulatory,
sensory, and nervous systems.
Kingdom Animalia –Arthropod Growth
 Kingdom Animalia – Arthropod Diversity

Insects: The most common of all groups in the animal kingdom, insects have
three pairs of legs, and typically two pairs of wings.

Arachnids: include spiders, ticks, mites, and scorpions. Have four pairs of legs,
most carnivorous, they feed on blood or a liquid diet of predigested prey.
They paralyze prey using their sting, then inject them with digestive juices.

Crustaceans: include crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and barnacles. This is a very diverse
group of mostly marine organisms.
Kingdom Animalia – Insect Diversity
Kingdom Animalia – Arachnid Diversity
Kingdom Animalia – Crustacean Diversity