Function & Objective of Flywheel UPS

Critical loads require energy storage devices to address the risk of interruptions to
the main power supply.

1. Power stability – When the power supply coming into the facility is unstable (e.g.,
power surges and sags),this is conditioned and stored energy can be used as needed
to balance out disturbances and assure a clean power supply to the load at all times.

2. Power bridging – When switching from one source of power to another

(e.g., utility power to generator power), stored energy is used (Flywheel) to bridge
the gap an ensure zero break to critical loads.

The offered version from Piller achieves these objectives .

This is explained a bit in the following slides:

Flywheel vs Battery:
The Advantages of Flywheel Technology are Clear
Flywheel Energy Storage
Advantages
 20 year operating life
 No degradation with use
 Limited maintenance required
 Wide operating temperature range
 Compact, enclosed footprint
 If the flywheel is spinning,
power is available
Lead-Acid Battery
Challenges
Multiple replacements during UPS life
Frequent use degrades lifespan
Sensitive to temperature variations
Extensive maintenance and monitoring
Expensive safety and health systems
Most common reason for UPS outages
 Batteries: The Leading Cause of Outages

Generator 3% Bad Battery

Remote EPO 10% 27%

Other/external 10%

Customer/Contract
6%

Customer Error 1%

Unknown 5%

Circuit Breakers 6% Battery End of

Discharge 23%
Power Components
4% AC Capacitors 2%
Controls 4%

Source: Emerson Network Power, Battery Maintenance Solutions for Critical Facilities (e-book)
 Coup de Fouet (CDF) and Battery Discharge

DC Float
Voltage
DC Voltage

DC cut-off
Voltage

Battery Run time

Battery Failure = If the Coup de Fouet
Coup de Fouet = The temporary voltage drop in a exceeds the DC cut-off voltage, the UPS
fully charged battery at the beginning of discharge will go to bypass and drop the load
from a UPS step load transfer
How to mitigate CDF?

Coup de Fouet only happens to fully charged lead-acid batteries (float

charged) in the first few seconds of discharge

CDF voltage dip is deepest when the discharge rate (A/h) is high, which
is the case with UPS batteries and step loads

Repeated CDF events is known to deteriorate battery capacity and its

life, as well as having a bigger effect on aging batteries thus increasing
the likelihood of failure

One way to mitigate CDF is oversizing the batteries in order to handle the
initial voltage drop due to 100% step load from Double Conversion UPS,
however this is an expensive and large footprint approach

The other way, is to slowly walk-in the load onto the batteries, thus
reducing the need for a high initial battery discharge.
 Understanding Battery Design Life and End-of-Life
(EOL)

Design life is determined by the manufacturer which for VRLA batteries is usually 5 years,
however the service life or end-of-life is much shorter

IEEE defines the end-of-life for a UPS battery at 80% of its rated capacity of ampere-hours

The average lifespan of a VRLA battery is 3 to 5 years

Many factors can impact the life of a VRLA battery

– High or uneven temperatures
– Under or overcharging
– Loose cell links or connections
– Drying out due to loss of electrolyte
– Number of cycles / discharges
– Chemistry – natural aging
– Improper maintenance

Ultimately, every battery will reach its end-of-life and since there are so many factors that
impact its life, batteries continue to be unpredictable
 Possible solution
Piller UPS with Flywheel)

Advantages
Highest operating efficiency
Proven Static technology
Modular Expansion possible
Optimum capacity with Full (N+1) redundancy
Lower lifecycle capex
Lower deployment time
Totally Green concept
Green facilities Are Driven to be
Environmentally Sound

No hazardous materials introduced to your

facility
– No spill containment needed
– No added ventilation requirements
– Does not emit harmful gases in to your air

Safety
– Completely enclosed – no open racks or
exposed power connections

Lower carbon footprint

LEED certification points

– Energy efficiency
– No hazardous material

No recycling / disposal responsibilities

 Smart and Responsible

Energy efficiency and permanent energy storage combine to make Piller the smart
and responsible choice
– 90% less carbon used in UPS manufacture
– Over 40% less carbon emitted over 15 years

For a 1 MW facility, 1,800 metric tons less carbon emissions over 15 years.
Equivalent to:
1,400 metric tons less coal mined 4,700 fewer barrels of oil consumed

27,000 mcf less natural gas burned 216 homes powered

14 fewer train cars of coal 400 fewer cars on the road

 Are We a Fit For Your Operation?

Protects against Eliminates the costs A great fit to

all power quality associated with integrate into your
issues downtime and operations and
necessary clean up achieve your goals
Ideas to move forward:
– In-depth review of your requirements and specification
– Custom TCO and sustainability analysis
– Our existing customer case study examples
– Piller technical deep-dive
Summary

Piller is the world’s largest supplier of rotary ups and offering all kind of
services around the ups together with our local partners
Piller’s rotary ups systems offer highest reliability, very high efficiency,
low space consumption, reduced maintenance effort
Wide range of power steps and versatile system configurations allow
perfect adaptation to your client’s individual requirements
World wide references at blue-chip companies demonstrate Piller’s
unique capabilities
Thank You
for Your attention.