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BERHAMPUR
SESSION – 2020-20
BY-
Ms. Mamta
Pradhan
PK TESTING
• What is constant?
• What is variable?
• What is an algebraic expression?
• What is like term?
• What is unlike term?
• What are monomial, binomial, trinomial?
• Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of
polynomials?
LEARNING POINTS
• To know about the polynomial in one variable, coefficient,
terms, degree and zeros of it.
• Discussion on different types of polynomials.
• To find zeros of polynomials.
• Finding remainder by long division method.
• Finding remainder without long division method (by
Remainder theorem method).
• Factor theorem.
• Factorization of polynomial by splitting the middle term.
• To know about algebraic identities.
POLYNOMIAL IN ONE VARIABLE
Word polynomial signifies an algebraic expression with
many terms.
Polynomial in one variable f(x) is an algebraic
expression in x as
f(x) = anxn+an-1xn-1+----------------------+ a2x2+a1x+a0
where n- non negative integer or whole number ,
x- variable of polynomial f(x) , and a0,a1,a2,…………..,an-1 , an
constants are called coefficients of x0,x1,x2,…….,xn-1, xn
respectively of polynomial f(x). Each of anxn,an-1xn-
1
,--------------,a2x2,a1x,a0 is called a term of polynomial f(x).
Examples of polynomials :
Variable of Being
polynomials polynomial polynomial/
reason
not
Exercise question :
Q. Divide the polynomial and find out quotient and remainder.
Q. Using long division show is factor of
Q. Divide . Write quotient and the remainder
Answer
1. , 11
2. Quotient =
3. Quotient = remainder =
Remainder theorem
Let p(x) be any polynomial of degree greater than or equal to one and let a be
any real number. If p(x) is divided by the linear polynomial (x-a) then remainder
is p(a)
Exercise questions
1. Without actual division determine the remainder when the polynomial
is divided by x + separately.
Ans-
2. Without actual division prove that f(x) = is exactly divisible by
Hint : split in its factors
FACTOR THEOREM
Let p(x) be a polynomial of degree n > 1 and let a be any real number. If p(a) = 0
then (x – a ) is a factor of p(x) and conversely if (x – a ) is a factor of p(x) then
p(a) = 0
When p(x) is divided by (x – a ) be the quotient and r(x) be remainder
p(x) = (x – a ) q(x) + r(x)
Proof :-
By remainder theorem r(x) = p(a)
p(x) = (x – a )q(x) +p(a)
1. If p(a) = 0 then p(x) = (x – a ) q(x)
⟹x – a is a factor of p(x)
HOTS QUESTIONS :
1. If , then evaluate
2. If has as a factor and leaves a reminder 3 when divided by . Find
the value of m and n.
3. Factorise if it is given that is the factor of it.
4. Factorise
5. Factorise
6. If f(x)= is a polynomial such that when it is divided by the
reminder are 5 and 19 respectively. Determine the reminder when
f(x) is divided by
7. What must be added to so that the result is exactly is exactly
divisible by
8. .What must be subtracted from so that the result
is exactly divisible by .
RELATED ANSWERS:
1. 110
2. M = -3 , n =-1
3. (3z + 10 ) (3z -10) (z-3)
4. (x-1)(x-10)(x-12)
5. (y-1)(y+1)(2y+1)
6. 10
7. 2x+5
8. 4x-4
THANK
YOU