SAP ABAP Training

By: Hamad Ahmad

SAP ABAP Trainer
Table of Contents for 9th Week
Su ABAP DICTIONARY
01

Su CREATE TABLE
02

Su CREATE DOMAIN
03

Su CREATE DATA ELEMENT

04

Su CREATE ENTRY
05

Su DISPLAY ENTRY
06
 ABAP DICTIONARY

What is Data Dictionary or ABAP

Dictionary:
This is the main tool so far in the SAP system.

ABAP Dictionary is used to create and manage data definitions

(metadata). ABAP Dictionary is used to create Tables, Data Elements,
Domains, Views, Lock Objects etc.

SQL can be divided into following 2 parts.

• DML – Data Manipulation Language
• DDL – Data Definition Language

DML part consists of query and update commands like SELECT,

UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT etc. ABAP programs handle DML part of
SQL.

DDL part consist of commands like CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE,

DROP TABLE, CREATE INDEX etc. ABAP Dictionary handles DDL part of
SQL.
 ABAP DICTIONARY

Transaction Code use to access Data

Dictionary
Transaction code is SE11 for ABAP Dictionary.

Alternatively you can access it through under the

Sap menu->tools -> ABAP Workbench -> Development -> ABAP
dictionary.

When you double click on it ABAP Dictionary:

initial screen will appear.
CREATE TRANSPARENT
TABLE

Initial Screen of ABAP Dictionary

Once its open you can create a new Database table or you can check
also already made table.
Enter Table
It is preferable that you write the table name with Z or Y. This shows Name Z----
that it’s your customized table.

Once you write table name in the database, click create button for
further proceedings.

Click Here
CREATE TRANSPARENT
TABLE

Delivery and Maintenance

• It shows your newly created table name Now you add the short
description of the table.

• In the tab of delivery and Maintenance delivery class should be

Application table (Master and transaction data)

• The Data Browser/ Table View Main. Should be Display

/Maintenance Allowed. The other parts of Data browser are, which
have limitations.

Before doing any further task, go to the Option TECHNICAL SETTING

where you see Object Directory Entry Assign a package and click on
save.
 ABAP
Dictionary
Enter Short
Description

Display/Maintenance
Select A Allowed

Creating Transparent Table:

Please Follow the Step for Updating

Delivery and Maintenance Tab for Creating
Customized Transparent Table.
 ABAP DICTIONARY

Delivery and Maintenance

Before doing any further task, go to the Option TECHNICAL

SETTING where you see Object Directory Entry Assign a package
and click on save.

Transportable Workbench Request:

When you click on save prompt for transportable workbench request
appear.

• If you own a request and know your request number just enter its
short discretion will automatically appear.
•
• If you own a request but forget you request code just click on own
request a screen containing request code and their short description
will appear.

• On Double clicking your request code fields of request and short

description will be filled.
 ABAP DICTIONARY

Delivery and Maintenance

Before doing any further task, go to the Option TECHNICAL Click here
SETTING where you see Object Directory Entry Assign a package
and click on save.

Transportable Workbench Request:

When you click on save prompt for transportable workbench request
appear.

• If you own a request and know your request number just enter its
short discretion will automatically appear.
•
• If you own a request but forget you request code just click on own
request a screen containing request code and their short description
will appear.

• On Double clicking your request code fields of request and short

description will be filled.
For creating the final database table. You have to do some
technical settings.
Technical
After that click on the data class and select APPL0 (Master Data,
transparent tables). Settings
The most important data classes are,
APPL0    Master data
APPL1    Transaction data
APPL2    Organizational and customizing data
Master data is data which is frequently read, but rarely
updated.
Transaction data is data which is frequently updated.
Organizational And customizing data is data which is defined
when the system is initialized and then rarely changed.

There are two more data classes available, USR and USR1.
These are reserved for user developments. The tables assigned
to these data classes are stored in a table space for user
developments.

Now click on the class category and select 0 to 2,600. As we do

not have much data records right now.
The remaining settings should remain as it is.

Technical Settings

Please Follow the Step for configure

Technical settings for Creating
Customized Transparent Table.
What is Size Category?
The size category is basically our “estimation” on how many
records database table which we are creating is going to contain. Technical
Of course, nobody knows the exact number. That’s why we want Settings
to shoot our best ;).

What happens if the database table exceeds the number

of records?
It’s not a problem. The database will just create another table
space with the same Size Category.

Then we should rather use as high Size Category as

possible everywhere, right?
No! Then we just waste the resources when creating big table
space where nothing will be stored.

Size Category in SAP defines the expected space required for the
table in the database initially and if the initial space is not
enough, the same amount of space is reallocated when required.
Each category has assigned a certain fixed memory size in the
database, which depends on the database system used.

Size Category

There are 9 Size Categories, from 0-9.

The higher the number, the bigger the
allocation space. The image above
shows estimation records for each Size
Category.
First look if you are in the display mode change it to change
mode by clicking on
Creating
Now you need to create fields.
Fields
Go to the Fields tab and start making field or you can say that
attributes of the table.

Add a field Client and check key, add Data Element

“MANDT” and hit enter.

The Data type, Length and Decimals will fill automatically as

they are standard.

Now you can add other fields too.

It’s not mandatory that fields you add should start with Z or Y.
It can be any name with any letter up to 16characters.

Now add Employee field.

Add a Data Element ZEMUM and hit enter.

The error will be shown that it isn’t yet exist/ NOT ACTIVE.

For this double click on the ZEMUM, a window will appear.

Creating Fields

Without maintaining the following, the

table cannot be activated.

• Technical settings
• Primary key
Further Step for Creating Data Element and Domain

When you double click on the ZEMNUM written in the domain

box, the new window will open. Asking you to create a new Creating Data
domain if it is not created yet, click on yes, and the new window
will open.
Element
In the short text add Employee Domain.

Choose the data type that you want to choose for this data
domain.

You can also edit number of characters and output length.

For this table we left other part as it is.

After this when you activate the table, a window will pop up.

Click the green tick button by highlighting your table and after
that the objects will be activated.

Now press the escape button and in the Data Element table,
add label fields in short, medium and long input fields, add
EMPLOYEE NUMBER in them. In short write in a short form
because of the limited characters.

Creating Data Element

We can create data element without

creating the domain by using
predefined Type.
Further Step for Creating Data Element and Domain

When you double click on the ZEMNUM written in the domain

box, the new window will open. Asking you to create a new Creating
domain if it is not created yet, click on yes, and the new window
will open.
Domain
In the short text add Employee Domain.

Choose the data type that you want to choose for this data
domain.

You can also edit number of characters and output length.

For this table we left other part as it is.

After this when you activate the table, a window will pop up.

Click the green tick button by highlighting your table and after
that the objects will be activated.

Now press the escape button and in the Data Element table,
add label fields in short, medium and long input fields, add
EMPLOYEE NUMBER in them. In short write in a short form
because of the limited characters.

Creating Domain

Please Follow the Step for Creating

Domain.
Further Step for Creating Data Element and Domain

When you double click on the ZEMNUM written in the domain

box, the new window will open. Asking you to create a new Creating
domain if it is not created yet, click on yes, and the new window
will open.
Domain
In the short text add Employee Domain.

Choose the data type that you want to choose for this data
domain.

You can also edit number of characters and output length.

For this table we left other part as it is.

After this when you activate the table, a window will pop up.

Click the green tick button by highlighting your table and after
that the objects will be activated.

Now press the escape button and in the Data Element table,
add label fields in short, medium and long input fields, add
EMPLOYEE NUMBER in them. In short write in a short form
because of the limited characters.

Activating Domain

Please Follow the Step for Creating

Domain.
Further Step for Creating Data Element and Domain

You can also edit number of characters and output length. Creating Data
For this table we left other part as it is. Element
After this when you activate the table, a window will pop up.

Click the green tick button by highlighting your table and after
that the objects will be activated.

Now press the escape button and in the Data Element table,
add label fields in short, medium and long input fields, add
EMPLOYEE NUMBER in them. In short write in a short form
because of the limited characters.

Now the Data element appears with its data type, length,
decimals and short description.

Now add surname and the data element ZSURNAME

(Customized). As it starts with the letter Z, so this isn’t standard
too. You have to add Data Element same like ZEMPLOYE. After
this you add Forename, Title and DOB which is date of birth.

Creating Data Element

We can create field without data

element and domain by using
predefined Type.
Further Step for Creating Entry
Creating
Now add surname and the data element ZSURNAME
Entry
(Customized). As it starts with the letter Z, so this
isn’t standard too. You have to add Data Element
same like ZEMPLOYE.

After this you add Forename, Title and DOB which is

date of birth.

For entering Record you need to go into utilities ->

Table contents -> Create Entities.

Now an input field will be shown. Enter the required

data and save is with CTRL+S /by save button

In the status bar, the following line will be shown

“Record Saved Successfully”

Creating Entry

Use Below path to Create entries

Go to Utilities -> Table Contents ->

Create Entries.
Further Steps for Display Entered Data:
Display Data
After the data is saved now you can see the data
through Utilities ->Table Contents ->Display

Or by ctrl+shift+f10

Click on the button execute and the list will be

shown.

Now you can enter new record by clicking on create

(as shown in figure )or by pressing f5

To sorted alphabetically select the Colum and click on

To view a single record double click anywhere on the

record.

Display Entry

Use Below path to Display entries

Go to Utilities -> Table Contents ->

Display.
 Buttons
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Functionality
1. Cut
2. Copy
3. Past
4. Insert new row
5. Delete row
6. Expand all
7. Expand include
8. Compress include
9. Collapse all
10. Foreign key

Making a Copy of a Table:

Run SE11 command write the table name you want top copy press the copy button and specify the table name
into which you want to copy the table. Only the table structure will be copied not the underlying data.
Data can be enter here like you have created earlier

Add New Fields:

To add new fields in the table open the table in the change mode and add the field name data elements etc. Buttons Functionality:
as added before.
Following Buttons Functionality can be
used to modify table.
 ABAP DICTIONARY

Integration to ABAP Workbench:

Integration to ABAP Workbench -
ABAP Data dictionary completely integrated to ABAP workbench. ABAP system allows
the Data dictionary to be integrated actively with development environment.

Diagram shows the integration to ABAP/4 workbench -

Objects may have both active and inactive components at the same time in ABAP
dictionary. Objects of ABAP dictionary changed any number of times before
activating and available to the all components of the system. Inactive objects have
no impact on the system and uses for modifications.

Related Transactions -

SE11 - Data Dictionary Initial Screen

SE12 - Data Dictionary Initial Screen Display only
SE13 - ABAP Dictionary Technical Settings
SE14 - Database Utility
SE15 - Repository Information System
SE16 - Data Browser
SE17 - General table Display
SE55 - Table View Maintenance
SM30 - Table Maintenance
Roll Numbers Roll No.
ABAP-E-3-2-110
Student Name
Muhammad Nawaz
ABAP-E-3-2-259 Asma Shahzad
ABAP-E-3-2-459 Hamza Qayoom
ABAP-E-3-2-144 Muhammad Ismail Zia
ABAP-E-3-2-37 Adeel Saeed
ABAP-E-3-2-343 Saad Mehmood
ABAP-E-3-2-159 Muhammad Awais Aleem
ABAP-E-3-2-168 Muhammad Ayub
ABAP-E-3-2-452 Muhammad Farooq
ABAP-E-3-2-191 Arslan Mazhar
ABAP-E-3-2-451 Waqar Hussain Shahid
ABAP-E-3-2-197 Danish Gul
ABAP-E-3-2-340 Qayyum Ahsan
ABAP-E-3-2-254 Hafiz Muhammad Abubkar
ABAP-E-3-2-397 Umar Farooq
ABAP-E-3-2-398 Mateen Munir
ABAP-E-3-2-400 Fahad Khalid
ABAP-E-3-2-401 Zain ulabdeen
ABAP-E-3-2-357 Muhammad Abubakar Saeed
ABAP-E-3-2-377 Aniya Raees
ABAP-E-3-2-413 Abdul Ahad
ABAP-E-3-2-204 Muhammad Ubaidullah
ABAP-E-3-2-418 Hassan Zulfiqar
ABAP-E-3-2-349 Syed Zia Ud Din Ahmed
ABAP-E-3-2-407 Wajid Yousaf
Roll Numbers Roll No.
ABAP-M-2-1-12
Student Name
Muhammad Jhanzaib
ABAP-M-2-1-208 Taimur Ul Hassan Ghouri
ABAP-M-2-1-294 Maryam Arshad
ABAP-M-2-1-310 Faisal Yasin
ABAP-M-2-1-461 Malik Omer
ABAP-M-2-1-1 Syed Ali Mubashar Kazmi
ABAP-M-2-1-85 Mughees Ahmed Mirza
ABAP-M-2-1-9 Sher Ali
ABAP-M-2-1-31 Muhammad Hamid
ABAP-M-2-1-35 Umer Munir
ABAP-M-2-1-447 Kamil Humayun Mirza
ABAP-M-2-1-148 Nadeem Saleem
ABAP-M-2-1-332 Usman Anwar
ABAP-M-2-1-43 Hafiz Muhammad Ishtiaq
ABAP-M-2-1-47 Zain Khawar
ABAP-M-2-1-50 Hamza Amjad
ABAP-M-2-1-52 Muhammad Raza Liaqat
ABAP-M-2-1-62 Hassan Arif
ABAP-M-2-1-82 Rizwan Saeed Khawaja
ABAP-M-2-1-226 Usama Azeem
ABAP-M-2-1-211 Muhammad Faizan Razzaq
ABAP-M-2-1-104 Safi Ur Rehman
ABAP-M-2-1-84 Hafiz Muhammad Naveed
ABAP-M-2-1-330 Muhammad Sumair
ABAP-M-2-1-395 Muhammad Hussain
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