Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Learning outcomes
Be able to confidently use resources such as images and resources from the internet and elsewhere, attributing content creators (copyright owners), when creating teaching and learning resources Understand the difference between copyright ownership and licencing and how to use resources shared under licence Be able to clearly indicate the copyright status of any works you have created using an appropriate Creative Commons licence Be aware of how to deal with consent issues in using patient data in learning and teaching resources Exemplify best practice in digital professionalism and manage risks when creating sustainable teaching resources
Icebreaker
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Background
5.7+4=9.7 millions (and another 4 millions)
"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning and research
Hyln, Jan (2007). Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources. Paris, France: OECD Publishing. p. 30
50%
http://blogs.nottingham.ac.uk/learningtechnology/2011/02/08/itturns-out-that-oer-does-save-time-and-students-do-use-them/
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One of the benefits of being explicitly open is that it removes the need for people to ask before re-using stuff. Without it, everything boils down to am I allowed to do this? type question and many forms of re-use will stop at that hurdle because the costs of getting the answer are too great
Andy Powell comment on David Wiley s blog
http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/1735
Resource/Website/Repository
Metadata/Repository
OER
Suzanne Hardy
News/RSS
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Do you share?
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An exception is an employee who creates a work in the course of their employment (employer owns)
www.cla.co.uk
Copyright infringement
It is an infringement of copyright (in relation to a substantial part of a work) without the permission or authorisation of the copyright owner, to
Copy it and/or issue copies of it to the public Rent or lend it to the public Perform or show it in public Communicate it to the public
Secondary infringement may occur if someone, without permission, imports, possesses or deals with an infringing copy, or provides the means for making it Material found on the internet is subject to copyright
www.cla.co.uk
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Exceptions
You may copy copyright works if
Copyright has expired (e.g. for literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works = 70 years from when the last author dies) Your use of the work (which must be acknowledged) is fair dealing as defined under the 1988 Copyright Designs and Patents Act (UK) Your use of the work is covered under a licensing scheme that you and the copyright holder have subscribed to The copyright owner has given you permission
www.copyrightservice.co.uk
The material you wish use (title, author name etc.) The exact content to be duplicated (i.e. page numbers) The number of copies you wish to make How the copies will be used (i.e. for an event, course work) Who the copies will be distributed to (i.e. students)
For most published works this will be the publisher Permission is needed for each and every purpose Fees may be charged to copy the item, or for administering the request to copy the item
www.cla.co.uk
Fair dealing
Your use of the work (which must be acknowledged) is fair dealing as defined under the 1988 Copyright Designs and Patents Act (UK)
Research and private study Instruction or examination Criticism or review News reporting Incidental inclusion Accessibility for someone with, e.g. a visual impairment
There is no simple formula or % that can be applied instead use licenced materials, or ask for permission
www.copyrightservice.co.uk
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http://creativecommons.org/
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www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/
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www.google.co.uk/
www.jorum.ac.uk
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www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/attribution/
Attribution tools
http://openattribute.com/
Drop down gives HTML or plain text options to copy into your resource
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Reflection
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RECORDINGS OF PEOPLE (ESPECIALLY PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES, HEALTHCARE WORKERS, ACTORS, STUDENTS, ETC.) IN LEARNING MATERIALS
Considerations
People Patients (children and vulnerable adults) Dead people/patients (children and vulnerable adults) Existing recordings (already exist) New recordings (that you are planning to make)
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Clinical setting
Academic setting
Recordings Doctor collects incorporated into consent educational event Recordings taken We all want to do the right thing! Uploaded to VLE Consent for No evidence of recordings stored with consent patient record No access to patient Clear guidance record available Location of risk unclear
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GMC guidance
Making and using visual and audio recordings of patients 2001
Referred to clinical care and research, did not refer to teaching
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GMC principles
When making or using recordings you must respect patients privacy and dignity, and their right to make or participate in decisions that affect them. This means that you must: give patients the information they want, or need, about the purpose of the recording make recordings only where you have appropriate consent or other valid authority for doing so ensure that patients are under no pressure to give their consent for the recording to be made where practicable, stop the recording if the patient asks you to, or if it is having an adverse effect on the consultation or treatment anonymise or code recordings before using or disclosing them for a secondary purpose, if this is practicable and will serve the purpose disclose or use recordings from which patients may be identifiable only with consent or other valid authority for doing so make appropriate secure arrangements for storing recordings be familiar with, and follow, the law and local guidance and procedures that apply where you work.
GMC principles
And you must not:
make, or participate in making, recordings against a patient s wishes, or where a recording may cause the patient harm disclose or use recordings for purposes outside the scope of the original consent without obtaining further consent (except in the circumstances set out in paragraphs 10 and 1517).
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GMC states
Consent to make the recordings listed below will be implicit in the consent given to the investigation or treatment, and does not need to be obtained separately.
Images of internal organs or structures Images of pathology slides Laparoscopic and endoscopic images Recordings of organ functions Ultrasound images X-rays
NHS states
Patients are any person or people currently in receipt of healthcare treatment, or who has/have been in receipt of healthcare treatment. Children and vulnerable adults may or may not be in healthcare treatment but should always be considered under the 'sensitive' part of the Data Protection Act 1998. The NHS guidelines recommend at least three or possibly four (Scotland) levels of consent, ranging from none to 'publication' NHS level III consent. "Many NHS Trusts have patient consent forms which specifically designate 'level III consent' (public access including the internet). If this applies, then Open Access in the sense of sharing materials publicly clearly would fall within this permission.
Level I consent is for use within the patient record only. Level II consent is for teaching and learning but with restricted access only. Level III consent is usually for open access and in the public domain."
Issues
Where to store copies of consent? Withdrawing consent? How to find properly consented materials? What is the advice in relation to lecture capture? How do you stop someone else ripping you off
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You may also want a disclaimer this resource has been provided use it at your own risk. If you have any concerns about any material appearing in this resource please contact Actively manage your risks Take out liability insurance
Action
Periodically test resources against policies to keep policies under review. Keep abreast of media stories. Limited liability insurance required. 2 Compliance tested and Review those areas where policies are adequate in most developed is required, possibly in but not all aspects to allow relation to e.g. staff not employed by the compliance of a resource the institution e.g. emeritus or to be accurately estimated. A visiting or NHS. It may be that a small number of areas where partner organisation requires policies need to be further improvement to their policies. Some developed for complete liability insurance may be clarity. necessary. Medium. It is unlikely that the Collate suite of examples of best 1 Compliance tested but too ownership and therefore licensing of practice and review against existing few policies available or institutional policies. Follow due insufficiently specified to allow resources is clear. Resources theoretically owned by the institution process to amend and implement the compliance of any could be being ripped off. those which are relevant to the particular resource to good institution. Take out liability practice guidelines to be insurance. accurately estimated. 0 Compliance with the toolkits High/Unknown. Risk may be minimal Establish a task force to test some unknown/untested. if resource was developed based on resources against institutional best practice principles. Institutional policies; then follow 1-3 below. Take Compliance has been tested policy status (ownership, consent) is out liability insurance. andwww.medev.ac.uk pass. materials failed to unknown. October 2010 cc: by-sa
3 Institutional policies are clearly in place to enable resources to be compared to the toolkits.
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Consent Commons ameliorates uncertainty about the status of educational resources depicting people, and protects institutions from legal risk by developing robust and sophisticated policies and promoting best practice in managing information.
consent commons
Engendering trust
Consent everything-even where ownership and patient/non-patient rights appear clear, and store consent with resource
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www.medev.ac.uk/ourwork/oer
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www.web2rights.com/OERIPRSupport/risk-management-calculator/
www.web2rights.com/OERIPRSupport/diagnostics.html/
http://medicalimages.pbworks.com/
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Principles
1. Acknowledge that patients interests and rights are paramount. 2. Respect the rights to privacy and dignity of other people who are included in recordings, such as family members and health care workers. 3. Respect the rights of those who own the recordings and the intellectual property of those recordings, and check and comply with the licences for use. 4. Take professional responsibility for your making and use of recordings and alert colleagues to their legal and ethical responsibilities where appropriate.
Email: d.hiom@bris.ac.uk
Digital professionalism
To be a digital professional every member of staff who contributes to curriculum delivery, in both NHS and academic settings should be able to identify, model and understand professional behaviour in the digital environment.
learners' information literacies are relatively weak but learners have little awareness of the problem
Beetham et al 2009
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Information/resources increasingly easy to find Blurring of personal and professional identities online Increasing need to manage issues of disclosure Changing public expectations Misunderstandings of digital spaces Consequence
No reference to professionalism online: implicit? explicit in your curriculum? Hidden? Are there any differences?
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Digital literacy
digital literacy defines those capabilities which fit an individual for living, learning and working in a digital society
Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), 2011
most learners are still strongly led by tutors and course practices: tutor skills and confidence with technology are therefore critical to learners' development
Beetham et al, 2009
Digital professionalism: embodiment? Academic practice: enactment? Information literacy: competence? Digital literacy: awareness?
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Principle #1: establish and sustain an on online professional presence that befits your responsibilities while representing your interests. Be selective in which channels and places you establish a profile.
Principle #2: use privacy controls to manage more personal parts of your online profile and do not make public anything that you would not be comfortable defending as professionally appropriate in a court of law
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Principle #3: think carefully and critically about how what you say or do will be perceived by others and act with appropriate restraint
Principle #4: think carefully & critically about how what you say or do reflects on others (individuals & organisations) and act with appropriate restraint
Principle #5: think carefully and critically about how what you say or do will be perceived in years to come; consider every action online as permanent
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Principle #6: be aware of the potential for attack or impersonation, know how to protect your online reputation and what steps to take when it is under Ellaway, 2010 threat
Principle #7: an online community is still a community and you are still a professional
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An unconference : By teachers, for teachers Focussed on sharing ideas: Practical, helpful, inspiring Everyone participates Everyone learns 2- or 7-minute presentations Anyone can speak No obligation to pay attention
Quick and cheap o To attend o and to organise Share ideas o What worked? What didn t? Opportunity to present Networking
LibTeachMeets have happened in: Cambridge (27.09.10, 29.03.11) Huddersfield (09.02.11) Newcastle (04.05.11) Brighton (25.05.11) Liverpool (26.05.11) Leicester (14.06.11) London (20.06.11)
LibTeachMeets are coming up in: Stirling & Inverness (20.07.11) Bedfordshire (21.07.11) Sheffield (10.11.11) Oxford (tbc)
google teachmeet calendar: http://tinyurl.com/tm-google-calendar With thanks to Isla Kuhn, @ Cambridge for these slides
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http://plcmcl2-things.blogspot.com/
http://23thingswarwick.blogspot.com/p/programme-outline.html/
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Pathways for Open Resource Sharing through Convergence in Healthcare Education (PORSCHE)
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www.jorum.ac.uk
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NHS/HEI
www.elearningrepository.nhs.uk/
www.medev.ac.uk/oer/
#ukoer #actor #medev
cc: by-nc By Maxi Walton http://www.flickr.com/photos/maxiwalton/898138774/
Contact: gillian@medev.ac.uk
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Learning outcomes
Be able to confidently use resources such as images and resources from the internet and elsewhere, attributing content creators (copyright owners), when creating teaching and learning resources Understand the difference between copyright ownership and licencing and how to use resources shared under licence Be able to clearly indicate the copyright status of any works you have created using an appropriate Creative Commons licence Be aware of how to deal with consent issues in using patient data in learning and teaching resources Exemplify best practice in digital professionalism and manage risks when creating sustainable teaching resources
Mitigating risk by adopting good practice to save time and money OER is irrelevant (but a nice by-product )
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References
Beetham, H., L. McGill, et al. (2009). Thriving in the 21st century: Learning Literacies for the Digital Age. Glasgow, Glasgow Caledonian University/JISC. Online at http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/projects/llidareportjune2009.pdf Chretien, K. C., S. R. Greysen, et al. (2009). "Online Posting of Unprofessional Content by Medical Students." JAMA 302(12): pp1309-1315. Ellaway, R. (2010). "eMedical Teacher # 38: Digital Professionalism." Medical Teacher 32(8): pp705 707. Farnan, J. M., J. A. M. Paro, et al. (2009). "The Relationship Status of Digital Media and Professionalism: It s Complicated " Academic Medicine 84(11): pp1479-1481. Ferdig, R. E., K. Dawson, et al. (2008). "Medical students and residents use of online social networking tools: Implications for teaching professionalism in medical education." First Monday 13(9). Online at http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2161/2026 Thompson, L. A., K. Dawson, et al. (2008). "The Intersection of Online Social Networking with Medical Professionalism." J Gen Intern Med 23(7): p954-957. Mostaghimi,A., Crotty, B.H., Professionalism in the digital age Annals of Internal Medicine 19 Apr 2011;154(8):560-562.
References
The Higher Education Academy OER pages: www.heacademy.ac.uk/ourwork/teachingandlearning/oer/ The JISC OER pages: www.jisc.ac.uk/oer The OER InfoKit from JISC InfoNet: openeducationalresources.pbworks.com The OER Synthesis and Evaluation Report: www.caledonianacademy.net/spaces/oer/ The JISC Legal IPR Toolkit: www.web2rights.com/OERIPRSupport/index.html
References
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URLs
www.medev.ac.uk/ourwork/oer www.nottingham.ac.uk/xpert/ http://creativecommons.org/ www.jorum.ac.uk/ www.flickr.com/search/advanced/ www.google.com/advanced_image_search/ www.nottingham.ac.uk/xerte/ www.glomaker.org/ http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/
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