?

Hagia Church
Sophia of All Nations
St. Peters Basilica
(Istanbul, (Israel, Jerusalem)
BasilicaTurkey)
St. Peters (Rome, Italy)
Hagia Sophia

Holy Sepulchre
Church of All Nations
The Mediterranean Sea linked three continents - Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Church
Surrounding that sea was a world of of the
diverse Holy
peoples, Sepulchre
languages, and religions. Its
northern shores, largely united by Christianity, exhibited a remarkable variety of
(Jerusalem)
tongues, customs, currencies, and political economies.
World Evangelism
 ROMANIA

ITALY

GREECE TURKEY

ISRAEL
TUNISIA
JORDAN

EGYPT
LIBYA
The Gospel of Luke
and
Book of Acts
Introduction to Luke
INTRODUCTION TO LUKE

Luke is the longest Gospel. Luke/Acts (if one rejects

Hebrews as Pauline) contain the largest number of pages
by any author in the New Testament and he is a Gentile,
second-generation Christian.

Luke writes the best Koine Greek of alla the New

Testament writers with the possible exception of the
author of Hebrews. Greek was his mother tongue. He
was also highly educated, possibly even a physician (cf.
Col. 4:14).
ROMAN Augustus Tiberius
EMPERORS 27 B.C. – A.D. 15 A.D. 15 - 37

Resurrection Events
Jesus’ Period of Jesus’ Jesus’ The Last

Temptation
Birth of Birth and John The
The Annunciation

Genealogy
Childhood Baptist’s Ministry In Withdrawal Ministry In Ministry In Week
John

3:23-38

and Ascension
19:28-23:50

4:1-13
1:57-80 of Jesus Ministry Galilee 9:10-50 Judea Perea
2:1-52 3:1-22 4:14-9:9 9:51-13-26 13:27-19:27

1:12-13
1:5-56

Luke A.D.
70 – 80?
LUKE
Book of Acts
ROMAN Tiberius
EMPERORS A.D. 15 - 37

Passion Christ Waiting Pentecost Peter’s Preaching & Barnabas &

Week Appears for the 2:1-13 Sermon Arrest of Peter & Ananias
1:1-11 Spirit 2:14-47 John. 4:32-5:11
1:12-26 3:1-4:31

ACTS
 Vitellius
Caligula A.D. 42 Claudius A.D. 54 Nero A.D. 68 Otha Galta
A.D. 37 - 42 A.D. 42 - 54 A.D. 54 - 68

Titus (A.D. 79-82)

(A.D. 69-79)
Vespasian
APO STO LI C PE R I O D II Peter
I Peter
Galatians Hebrews [< 70]
[North Theory] Romans Eph./Col. I Tim.
James Galatians I Cor Philemon Titus
I Thessalonians II Tim.
[< 50] [South Theory] II Thessalonians II Cor Philippians Jude
A.D. 46 48 49 52 56 58 60 61 63 64 68 70

Barnabas’ & Paul’s Second Paul’s Third Paul’s Paul in Paul’s

Destruction of Jerusalem &

Paul Released

Death of Peter & Paul

Peter Persecuted,
Jerusalem Council, 15:1-35
5:17-42 Paul’s First Missionary Missionary Arrest in House Fourth
The Seven, 6 Missionary Journey, Journey, Jerusalem Arrest in Missionary
Journey, 13-14 15:36-18:23 18:23-21:17 & Rome, Journey
Stephen, 7 Imprison- 27:1-

Temple by Titus
in Rome
Saul Saved, 9 ment at 28:32
Dorcas 10:32-41 Caesaria
21:27-
Cornelius, 10-11
26:32
Church on Antioch,
11:19-30
Peter in Prison,
12:1-19
Herod’s Death,
12:19-25

ACTS
Prologue of the Gospel
Prologue of the gospel
“In as much as many have undertaken to compile an
account of the things accomplished among us, just as
those who from the beginning were eye witnesses and
servant of the word have handed them down to us, it
seemed fitting for me as well, having investigated
everything carefully from the beginning, to write it out for
you in consecutive order, most excellent Theophilus, so
that you might know the exact truth about the things you
have been thought.”
LUKE, THE MAN
A. Anti-Marcion Prologue to Luke (A.D. 175)
1. native of Antioch of Syria
2. physician
3. single
4. wrote from Achaia
5. died at age 84 in Boeotia
B. Eusebius of Caesarea (A.D.275-339) in Hist. Eccl. III.4.2
1. from Antioch
2. missionary companion of Paul
3. wrote the Gospel and Acts

C. Jerome (A.D.346-420 in Migna XXVI.18)

1. wrote f rom Achaia
2. died in Boeotia
LUKE, THE MAN continuation..
D. He was a highly educated man
1. good Koine Greek grammar
2. large vocabulary
3. research methods
4. he probably was a physician (cf. Col. 4:14). Also, Mark’s
negative comments about physicians in Mark 5:26 is
omitted in the parallel in Luke 8:43. Luke used terms
related to medicine, cures, diseases, etc. at least 300 times
(cf. W. K Hobart, The Medical Language of Luke, or better,
A. Harnack, Luke the Physician).
LUKE, THE AUTHOR
A. Unanimous early church tradition
1. Irenaeus (A.D. 175-195, Against Heresies 3.1.1; 3.14.10) says
specifically that Luke recorded in a book the gospel preached by
Paul.
2. Anti-Marcion Prologue to Luke (A.D. 175) says Luke was the
author.
3. Tertullian (A.D. 150/160-220/240 in Against Marcion IV.2,2;
IV.5.3) says Luke wrote digest of Paul’s gospel.
4. Muratorian Fragment (A.D. 180-200) names Luke as the
author and calls him a physician companion of Paul. It also says
that he wrote his account by hearsay (meaning he
interviewed eyewitnesses).

5. Eusebius (Hist. Eccl. III.4.2,6-7) also affirms Luke’s

authorship of both Luke and Acts.
LUKE, THE AUTHOR continuation..
B. Internal evidence for Luke’s authorship
1. The book, like so many biblical works, is anonymous.
2. If Luke/Acts is a two volume set, which seems true from the
similar introductions, then the “we” sections of Acts (cf. 16:10-
17; 20:5-16; 21:1-18; 27:1-28:16) imply an eyewitness account of
Paul’s missionary activity.

3. The introduction to Luke (1:1-4) states that Luke researched

eyewitness accounts in order to write an historical approach to
Jesus’ life, which shows he was a second-generation
believer. The introduction to Luke also covers Acts.
Purpose of the Gospel
Purpose of the Gospel
A. Target Specific Group of People for the
purpose of Evangelism.
- The Gentiles

B. To explain Christianity to Roman

Government Official

C. To explain the delayed Second Coming.

The Uniqueness
of Luke
The Uniqueness of Luke part I
A. The first two chapters are unique to Luke and may come
from Mary, as does the genealogy of Chapter 3:23-28.

B. Miracles unique to Luke.

1. son of the widow of Nain resuscitated
2. sick women in synagogue healed in the Sabbath
3. sick man in synagogue healed in the Sabbath
4. the ten lepers healed, only one Samaritan returns to
give thanks
The Uniqueness of Luke part II
C. Parables Unique to Luke.
1. the good Samaritan
2. the persistent Friend
3. the rich Fool
4. the lost coin
5. the two Sons
6. the unrighteous steward
7. the rich man and Lazarus
8. the unrighteous judge
9. the Pharisee and Publican
The Uniqueness of Luke part III
D. Other Unique accounts.
1. Zacchaeus the tax collector
2. Jesus sent to Herod by Pilate to be examined
3. the two on the road to Emmaus
The Book of Acts
Summary
Summary Part I
Gospel of Luke Book of Acts
Author Luke Luke

Date of Writing < 70 A.D. 80’s A.D.

Recipients A) For Theophiles A) For Theophiles

B) Targeted to Gentiles B) Targeted to Gentiles

Purpose A) Target specific group of people A) To document the rapid

for the purpose of evangelism
– Gentiles.
B) To explain Christianity to
Roman Gov’t official.
C) To explain the delayed second
coming.
growth of the followers of
Jesus from Jewish roots to
world wide ministry.
B) To defend Christianity before
the Roman Gov’t official.
C) Record for us elements of the
early apostles.
D) To show the historical reality
& theological trustworthiness
of Jesus & the church.
Summary Part II

Gospel of Luke Book of Acts

Sources
A. The uniform tradition of the early church is that Luke the
Gentile physician, wrote the Gospel.

B. Early twentieth century H. J. Goltzmann’ theorized Mark was

the 1st written Gospel & that both Mathew & Luke used his
Gospel structures plus & separate document containing the
saying of Jesus called Q (quelle). This was labeled the “Two
Sources” theory.

C. Luke specifically claims that he did research into Jesus’ life

from eyewitnesses.
Thank you very
much.
God Bless.
