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Introduction Study
Research
3 4
Statement of the
Problem Paradigm
INTRODUCTION/
BACKGROUND
Education is a preeminent fuel that drives the country’s development and one of
the catalysts in eradicating the poverty, improving the health, ameliorating the
economy, and suppressing the underwhelming data of illiteracy of a country.
Moreover, education partakes an enormous role that is significant to human lives.
Indeed, it is a possession that is beyond compare to any affluence and luxury in life
because of the extensive possibilities that it could proffer throughout an individual’s
endeavor. Education co-exists with success. Thus, it opens door of opportunities that
can either sculp a person in his aspired career or prosper an individual growth -
creating the best version of himself. Education is considered to be as one of the most
vital instruments that most people utilize that serves as a compass in redirecting their
objectives in life and serves as a light that illuminates the path of their desired
expeditions.
Considering education determined the future of a nation, it has gained the
most attention worldwide. In the Philippines, a lot of loopholes in education
system were being discerned that urges the authorities to resolve this dilemma.
Yap (2011) stated that among the countries around the world, the Philippines was
the last country in Asia and one of the only three countries in the world with a 10-
year pre university program. The curriculum of the country must be brought into
line with the demands of the global economy, where everyone now demands
high-quality education. The K-12 program was used in the contemporary
and dynamic curriculum that the Philippine educational system was adapted.
Our worldview and perspective are broadened through education. As a
result, it comes as no surprise that many nations, including the Philippines,
are engaged in the process of making the country's primary asset is its
educational system. President Benigno Aquino III signed the K-12 education
system into law with the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 (Republic
Act 10533) on May 15, 2013. According to the Department of Education
(DepEd), the K-12 curriculum program covers kindergarten and 12 years of
basic education six (6) years for primary education, which is in elementary
from Grade 1 to Grade 6, four (4) years for Junior High School, which is
from Grade 7 to Grade 10 and two (2) years for Senior High School (SHS)
which is the Grade 11 and Grade 12.
The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 adds two more years of high
school. Under this curriculum, students can select their own track or strand
based on their preferences or areas of interest, or they can choose to pursue
work for the remaining two years of senior high school. The senior high
school students participate in a common core curriculum and have a variety
of options. Academic, Technical-Vocational and Livelihood (TVL), Sports,
and Arts and Design. These tracks are specific areas of study similar to
college courses. The academic track is further divided into four strands:
Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (STEM); Accountancy,
Business, and Management (ABM); Humanities and Social Sciences
(HUMSS); and General Academic Strand (GAS).
Integration of K–12 program aimed to produce better proficient graduates
with basic skills for lifelong education and employment. This program
fostered the mutual recognition of Filipino learners and professionals in other
nations since they were able to master the skills and learn the core
competencies required to satisfy the expectations of the global economy. This
new curriculum developed graduates who were equipped for jobs,
entrepreneurship, and middle-level skill development as they were required
to complete the program at the age of 18.
Bonquin et al., (2017) stated that tertiary level of education is the
student’s chapter of life wherein they will pursue their desired goals in the
future that’s why they must be prepared enough before entering college. This
program plays a significant role and function upon preparing the students for
college. Moreover, students under the Academic strands are the ones that will
mostly benefit from the college- adopted programs being offered by Senior
High School. The following benefits they will receive from SHS are: On the
Job Trainings (OJT), assessments, applied and specialized subjects that have
direct link to college, and other programs that prepares them for tertiary level
of education.
While the many societal groups in the nation have negative reactions to
the adaption of the K–12 curriculum, the Department of Education claims
that giving students two more years of basic education will help all Filipinos
living in the Philippines, not just the younger generation. Opponents have
been fairly vocal about their primary concerns since 2011. They assert that
this new system will just place additional burdens on children and their
parents and that the government is not yet ready for it.
De Maria (2015) stated that the significance of the alignment of track in
the tertiary level might be understood in the end. It is noted that the improved
alignment of the K-12 track on college-level has contributed many benefits
like the student’s success, financial help, and institutional accountability
benefits. In addition, according to Cullamat (2016), the Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strand prepared and geared the
students in taking many science subjects in college, specifically Bachelor of
Science in Nursing. If a student is not decided to take up STEM strand, a
student can take and enroll in the General Academic Strand (GAS) that will
prepare the student for the general subjects.
This year, the very first batch of the K12 curriculum is finally produced,
and they are expected to graduate by the year 2022 and take their respective
board examinations. According to Leanillo (2021), since the Philippines did
not like they were completely prepared, some issues arose. And the first
batch, served as the experimental variable of the program. Because the first
batch is still in process, no results were announced yet. There was no
assurance of how the program will really help students.
The College of Nursing - Echague Campus students who will take the
Nursing Licensure Exam this November 2022 are ideal subject for this
research to compare the various strands in regards to their performance on the
mentioned examination. The students who graduated from the College of
Nursing in the year 2022 are the first batch who graduated under the K-12
curriculum - making them the most suitable subject in this study. Some
students of nursing are from different strands like Accountancy, Business and
Administration (ABM), Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
(STEM), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), General Academic
Strand (GAS), and Technical-Vocational strand (TVL). This topic possessed
the researchers to discern the comparison of different strands in relation to
the examinees’ performance in their Nursing Licensure Examination.
Moreover, in order to determine whether there were significant
comparison in the results of K–12 graduates from the STEM and non–STEM
strands as they revealed their college journey into nursing as their preferred
academic program, this study was conducted at Isabela State University –
Main Campus. The major goal of this study is to compare the performance of
various K–12 strands in the 2022 Nursing Licensure Examination in order to
inform readers about the applicability of K–12 Academic Strands/Track to
higher education.
Objectives of the Study
OBJECTIVES
To determine the To identify which of the K-12 To evaluate whether there are
average/possible scores of strands has the best chance of any notable differences in
respondents on their Nursing passing the Nursing their Nursing Licensure
Licensure Examination in Licensure Exam (NLE). Exam performance across
terms of their strands their various k–12 strands.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The research paradigm presents the whole scope of the study, which adopts the input-process-
output model. The input consists of the profile of the respondents which strand can get a high
percentage on Nursing Licensure Exam (NLE), and how can it be stated that the respondents’
performance on their nursing licensure exam differs significantly throughout the different k-12
strands and what are the average possible scores of the respondent on their NLE in terms of their
strands?
The process includes the data analysis and distribution of instruments Analysis of the profile,
the average grades of the respondents with different strands and the difference between the different
K-12 strands to the respondents’ performance in the r NLE board exam on November 2022
Finally, the outcome or output Identify if there is a comparison between the different K-12
strands in their performance in their NLE Board exam on November 2022
Hypothesis
This section views the hypothesis and assumptions about the population
parameters for the study entitled “Comparative Study on the Performance of
November 2022 Nursing Licensure Exam Takers from Isabela State
University – Main Campus Based on their K to 12 Strands”
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