WEEK 10

COMMUNICATION
SKILLS ( CONT)
DR. KURNIA NINGSIH. M.A
REVIEW

• Remember you have studied several skills in communication. They are used to avoid
misunderstanding, thus your interaction will run well.
• The way you use the skills certainly are based on the context: to whom, what, when, why and
how you speak.
• If the interaction happens between you and your friend may be, you ignore the word you don’t
understand , or someone on the street say something, or give gesture, but if you talk to your
senior, or someone you are not familiar with, It is better to ask for clarification, or repetition.
• The more you practice the better you will be at communicating with people of other country
GRICE’S CONVERSATION MAXIMS

• Maxims are the unspoken rule, that is used by the speakers in English.
• Mostly you learn from the observation while people interact each other in
English.
• You need to learn these rules though they are not written.
• Remember each country and sub-culture may use the rules slightly different.
• Every culture believes its behaviour are polite and better than others.
THERE ARE FOUR GRICE’ MAXIMS

1.Quantity: say as much as, but not more than is needed. e.g
A : Have you ever been to Bali?
B: No I haven’t. ( you do not need to explain why not)
B : Ye I have
( you don ‘t need to explain “ when and how “ is your experience in Bali)
• Short answer not necessary to more.
2. Manner : Give information clearly, put in order, first ,...then..... Finally.
e.g:
A: what have you done to day?
B: I have done all my homeworks, first I read the book that I need ,then make a note for the
important point, next arrange them in order, finally I wrote an essay for my assignment
3.Relevance: Give relevance information.e.g
A : Someone is knocking the door. Could you see who it is please?
B: I’m not dressed
Note:
The answer of B is relevant based on the Grice’s conversation Maxims. B is wearing
pajamas. And it is not usual to welcome people to our house when we are in pajamas. It
is better say , “wait a minute”, then put on your clothe before opening the door.
• 4. Quality: say something polite but avoid to tell a lie.
e.g:
A: what do you think about his affair?
B; I ‘d raher not say, you’d better ask him directly
( This is because You don’t feel comfortable to tell the truth, and You
don’t want to tell a lie )