CAVE GROUP

Karl Stanley Briñas

Shenitte Cordez
Jan Benedict Dadis
Edzel Navales
Introduction
Over 1,500 caves have been recorded by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources since the start of its
implementation of the Caves Management and Conservation
Program in 1994, with still a significant number of caves yet to be
discovered and mapped. These caves are considered unique,
natural and non-renewable resources with important scientific,
economic, educational, cultural, historical and aesthetic values.
They are also home to specialized mineral formations, as well as
unique and diverse flora and fauna.

Despite their diversity and significance, most of the country’s

caves are in peril due to lack of specific statutory protection,
increased demand for recreational sites, treasure hunting, mining,
pollution, illegal collection of cave resources and rapid
urbanization, With cave destructions, parts of our natural,
historical and cultural heritage that are enmeshed in caves are
forever obliterated thus denying the present and future
generations the chance and opportunity to appreciate and enjoy
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 CAVE
- A Cave is an opening in the ground that is caused by natural
geological activities, and man. The sizes and variety of rock
depends largely on the geographical location.

- a large hole in the side of a hill, cliff, or mountain, or 

underground.

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 DIFFERENT
TYPES OF CAVES
 LIMESTONE CAVES SEA CAVES

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 LAVA CAVES GLACIER
CAVES

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SANDSTONE CAVES MUD CAVES

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 FLORA AND FAUNA OF CAVES
CAVE MOSS SAXIFRAGE WOOD SORREL

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 BATS FROGS SNAKES

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Why Is Protecting Caves Important?
Cave ecosystem must be protected as they significantly
impact life on the surface. Caves are some of the most fragile
ecosystems in the world, and they serve as the unique,
irreparable and irreplaceable habitat of the cave-dwelling
species. Caves are also an important reservoir of water. For
instance, in karst landscapes, the runoff water flows into the
cave systems where it often flows as underground rivers to
finally emerge on the surface as springs. 

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Cave Assessment Protocols
Positive and negative features of the cave to be explored. The
following descriptive features were to be identify.
Cave name
· coordinate (GPS reading at entrance)
· number of entrances to the cave
· elevation at the entrance
· SL = whether or not the cave reaches sea level (Y/N)
· CD = whether the cave has potential for cave diving (0-5 rating
scale)

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Cave Assessment Protocols
The following positive aspects were assessed on a scale from one to
five, with five being the most positive rating possible
· B (biological rating)
· F (formations = speleothems)
· S (size of the cave)
· U (uniqueness of undefined positive features)
· H (historical rating)

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The following table (1) outlines the rating system for each positive
category.

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The following negative aspects were also assessed on a scale from
one to five
(Table 2), with five being the most endangered or worst threat:
· V (threat to the cave from vandalism)
· D (threat to the cave from dumping and littering)
· P (threat to the cave from water pollution)
· Q (threat to the cave from quarrying and/or construction)

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Moreover, the following properties will also be assessed.
1. Abiotic properties
2. Biotic properties
3. Human activities/Problems of ecosystem
• Observations / interviews
• Recommended solutions for problems of the Ecosystem

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References:
GIBBONS, D. A. (n.d.). AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
OF BERMUDA’s CAVES [MA thesis]. Texas A&M University.

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 End

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