Sinhgad Technical Education Society

SINHGAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, LONAVALA

Fourth Year of Engineering (Semester VIII)

PROJECT
PRESENTATION ON
 
SOLAR BASED WIRELESS ELECTRIC
VEHICLE CHARGING ROBOT
By Under the Guidance of
Mr. Anant Avhad PRN No. 71824063E PROF.:– A.T.INGLE
Mr. Sanket Thawari PRN No. 71824709E
Mr. Balasaheb Amate PRN No. 71715532D
Mr. Mahesh Gaikwad PRN No.71824224G

A.Y. 2021-22
Savitribai Phule Pune University
 CONTENT
Abstract
Introduction
Problem Definition
Objective
Literature review
Block Diagram
Working
Hardware Specification
Software Specification
Advantages
Conclusion
References
Department of Electrical Engineering
 Abstract
Solar Energy is a smooth and RE Strength aid and is on its manner to high stage penetration inside the
global strength basket. However, there are several demanding situations related to Solar Energy, like
intermittency, restricted dispatch capacity and non-storability. Non-storability in a standalone PV device
can be mitigated by using incorporating strength garage gadgets like battery to store the electric strength
produced with the aid of solar panel while the solar is shining and to supply energy when the sun isn't
shining. Batteries are, therefore, one of the essential aspect in the standalone PV system. And regularly the
weakest link in PV systems because it impacts the maintenance price and reliability of the system. This
project includes solar based battery charging station, microcontroller based totally, sun powered battery
charging device. The developed system includes (i) solar panel (ii) At-Mega 328 interface for battery
control capabilities , (iii) LCD show for no of batteries connected (iv)IOT module also used . The
developed sun powered battery charging station. The main aim of this project is to charge our battery
smartly by using electric supply as well as solar energy for electric vehicle. In this project is to charge our
battery smartly and also discharger it properly without any damage to our battery and charging circuit. For
proper charging we are using balancing method and for charging of this battery we are using three different
mode each mode has its own benefits.

Department of Electrical engineering 2

 Introduction
 Interest in electric vehicles (EVs) has recently grown due to calls for eco
friendly transportation. Battery-powered electric vehicles or plug-in EV
vehicles, which produce zero tailpipe emissions, offer significant potential in
improving sustainability and an eco friendly environment in urban areas. EV-
based transit buses require a large battery for a long service time
 The current problems of plug-in EV vehicles are the long operational idle
during the battery charging time, the high cost of the battery, and the great
weight of the battery. Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) systems have
emerged as an alternative to address the challenges caused by the current
battery technology.

 However, inductive charging requires that the secondary, receiver, coil has to
be precisely positioned above the primary, transmitter, coil in order to achieve
a high power transfer and efficiency. Thus, new solutions that can help the
driver position the car sufficiently accurately for inductive charging are
needed. Department of Electrical Engineering 3
 Problem Definition

 Electric vehicles are going to be the future transport. In order to increase the efficiency of the
charging station and to reduce the charging time we made the charging station by utilizing the
renewable and non-renewable energy to increase it's efficiency and with fast charging technology
through wired or wireless modes to reduce the charging time.
 The charging station should mobile and should have a separate battery pack from which the electric
vehicles are to be charged by using DC to DC rapid charging technology through wirelessly.
 If vehicles battery get down at a odd places where charging station are too far on highways the we
should need mobile charging

Department of Electrical engineering 4

 Objectives

 The objective of this research is to design a Solar Powered movable charging station for
electric vehicle as its ultimate power with wireless charging
 To design wireless vehicle charging, as it name suggest wireless means purposed
 system transfer power wirelessly.
 To maximize energy consumption.
 To design for when the coils are placed close to each other with coinciding axes,
 which indicates high coupling between the coils and expected to have maximum
 power transfer in contactless systems to get road side assistance for EV’s

Department of Electrical Engineering 5

Literature Review

Department of Electrical Engineering 6

 Hardware Specification
 At-Mega 328
 HC-04
 RF Transmitter Receiver
 12V 1.3A Battery
 RCP ckt
 16x2 LCD
 WiFi Module
 L293D
 DC motor
 DC Fan
 LED
Department of Electrical Engineering 7
 ATMEGA328
The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller
with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is
manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is
compatible with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out. The on-
chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional nonvolatile memory programmer.
Specification
• Compatible with MCS-51® Products
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
– Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
Department of Electrical Engineering 8
 Solar Panel

 Poly crystalline Cells type Panel

 Capacity - 40 W, 12V
 Voltage: Voltage at Max Power (Vmax) - 18V, Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) - 22V
 Current: Current at Max Power (imax) - 2.23A, Short Circuit Current (isc) - 2.42A
 25 years performance warranty.
 Compliance to IEC standards
 Best in Class conversion efficiency
 Anti-reflective coating and back surface (BSF) for more light absorption
 Advanced EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) encapsulation to give better protection to modules
 High strength light-weight aluminum frame design for high torsion resistance against winds and snow loads
 PID resistance Technology (Potential-Induced Degradation) for safety against substantial power loss due to
stray currents triggered by certain climate conditions
 Excellent Low light performance in low visibility in clouds, evening, and morning
Department of Electrical Engineering 10
 DC MOTOR
A DC motor is any of a class of electrical machines that converts direct
current electrical power into mechanical power. The most common types rely on
the forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some
internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic; to periodically change
the direction of current flow in part of the motor. Most types produce rotary
motion; a linear motor directly produces force and motion in a straight line.
DC motors were the first type widely used, since they could be powered from
existing direct-current lighting power distribution systems. A DC motor's speed
can be controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by
changing the strength of current in its field windings. Small DC motors are used in
tools, toys, and appliances.

Department of Electrical Engineering 10

 L293D
L293D is a typical Motor driver or Motor Driver IC which is used to drive DC
on either direction. It is a 16-pin IC which can control a set of two DC motors
simultaneously in any direction. It means that you can control two DC motor
with a single L293D IC. Dual H-bridge Motor Driver integrated circuit (IC).The
l293d can drive small and quiet big motors as well. A H bridge is an 
electronic circuit that enables a voltage to be applied across a load in either
direction. These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to
allow DC motors to run forwards and backwards.
Most DC-to-AC converters (power inverters), most AC/AC converters, the DC-
to-DC push–pull converter, most motor controllers, and many other kinds of 
power electronics use H bridges. In particular, a bipolar stepper motor is almost
invariably driven by a motor controller containing Two H Bridges. H bridges are
available as integrated circuits, or can be built from discrete components.

Department of Electrical Engineering 11

 LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL
DISPLAY)
LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. LCD is finding wide spread use
replacing LEDs (seven segment LEDs or other multi segment LEDs)
because of the following reasons:
1. The declining prices of LCDs.
2. The ability to display numbers, characters and graphics. This is in
contrast to LEDs, which are limited to numbers and a few characters.
3. Incorporation of a refreshing controller into the LCD, thereby relieving
the CPU of the task of refreshing the LCD. In contrast, the LED must be
refreshed by the CPU to keep displaying the data.
4. Ease of programming for characters and graphics.
These components are “specialized” for being used with the Atmega 328s,
which means that they cannot be activated by standard IC circuits. They
are used for writing different messages on a miniature LCD.

Department of Electrical Engineering 9

 ESP 8266
Espressif’s ESP8266EX delivers highly integrated Wi-Fi SoC solution to meet users’
continuous demands for efficient power usage, compact design and reliable
performance in the Internet of Things industry. With the complete and self-contained
Wi-Fi networking capabilities, ESP8266EX can perform either as a standalone
application or as the slave to a host MCU. When ESP8266EX hosts the application,
it promptly boots up from the flash. The integrated high speed cache helps to
increase the system performance and optimize the system memory. Also,
ESP8266EX can be applied to any microcontroller design as a Wi-Fi adaptor through
SPI/SDIO or UART interfaces. ESP8266EX integrates antenna switches, RF balun,
power amplifier, low noise receive amplifier, filters and power management
modules. The compact design minimizes the PCB size and requires minimal external
circuitries. Besides the Wi-Fi functionalities, ESP8266EX also integrates an
enhanced version of Tensilica’s L106 Diamond series 32-bit processor and on-chip
SRAM. It can be interfaced with external sensors and other devices through the
GPIOs. Software Development Kit (SDK) provides sample codes for various
applications. Department of Electrical Engineering 12
 RF TRANSMITTER
CIRCUIT
An RF module (radio frequency module) is a (usually) small electronic device used
to transmit and/or receive radio signals between two devices. In an 
embedded system it is often desirable to communicate with another device 
wirelessly. This wireless communication may be accomplished through 
optical communication or through radio frequency (RF) communication. For many
applications the medium of choice is RF since it does not require line of sight. RF
communications incorporate a transmitter and/or receiver.
RF modules are widely used in electronic design owing to the difficulty of
designing radio circuitry. Good electronic radio design is notoriously complex
because of the sensitivity of radio circuits and the accuracy of components and
layouts required achieving operation on a specific frequency.

Department of Electrical Engineering 16

 Software Specification

 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
-Embedded C
 COMPILERS
 -Keil 4.0
 DUMPING SOFTWARE
-Using Micro controller flash magic/ preload Software we are dumping
our HEX Code into Micro Controller

Department of Electrical Engineering 17

Block Diagram

Department of Electrical Engineering

Receiver Section

Department of Electrical Engineering

 Working
 RF transmitter is used for movement of vehicle.
 9V battery is used for power purpose of RF transmitter
 AT328 microcontroller is used for driving all components RF receiver is used to receive signals from
transmitter
 Battery charged through solar panel with RCP Circuit
 Voltage & current of battery is read by continuously & uploaded on LCD & cloud
 WPT is used for wireless charge transmission. Battery charge will transmit through WPT
 There is two coils for wireless charge transmission power from transmitting to receiving
 There will be LED for indication of low battery & fan for cooling purpose
 HC-04 is used to stop the vehicle in particular range any obstacle detected
 At starting project name is displayed on LCD
Department of Electrical Engineering 9
 Advantages

 Although electric vehicles (EVs) are considered an eco-friendly option, global warming due to
greenhouse gas emissions will remain an issue if conventional sources of energy are used to generate the
electricity to power EVs.

 Several companies like ABB, Magenta Power, Charge Point, Leviton Manufacturing, Schneider Electric,
Siemens AG and Tesla are operating in the global EV charging station market.

 Generating power from renewable energy sources like solar addresses this concern, maximizing the
green impact of EVs.

 It is true that the production of solar panels results in carbon emissions but they become carbon neutral
in a few years and last for 15 to 20 years, on an average.
Department of Electrical Engineering 18
 Conclusion

The development of the Solar Charging system for batteries project comprised of various disciplines like
electrical, electronics, and mechanical engineering technologies. This project attempted to provide a
framework for the solar powered battery charging station. The proposed solar charging system will be
one of the initiatives taken to achieve a Green campus. The economic analysis of the proposed system
reveals that the payback period of the project is 3.5 years. It is clearly evident that the proposed solar-
based battery charging system is better than the existing electrical charging system both in terms of
operation and economical aspects. Researchers work on this project get a basic idea of the design and
building of Solar PV systems for several useful applications such as electrical vehicle system.

Department of Electrical Engineering 19

 Reference

 Capasso, C. and Veneri O. 2015. Experimental study of a DC charging station for full electric and plug in
hybrid vehicles. J. Applied Energy, 152: 131-42.
 Chandra Mouli, G.R., Bauer, P. and Zeman, M. 2016. System design for a solar powered electric vehicle
charging station for workplaces. J. Applied Energy, 168(15): 434-443.
doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.110
 . Choe, G.Y., Kim, J.S. and Lee, B.K. 2010. A Bi-directional battery charger for electric vehicles using
photovoltaic PCS systems. In: IEEE Vehicle Power Propuls Conf., IEEE, pp. 1-6.
 Fattori, F., Anglani N. and Muliere G. 2014. Combining photovoltaic energy with electric vehicles, smart
charging and vehicle-to-grid. J. Solar Energy, 110: 438-51.
 Goli, P. and Shireen, W. 2014. PV powered smart charging station for PHEVs. J. Renewable Energy, 66:
280-7.

Department of Electrical Engineering 20

 STES’s
Sinhgad Institute of Technology, Lonavala

Prepared By,
Mr. Anant Avhad PRN No. 71824063E
Mr. Sanket Thawari PRN
No. 71824709E
Mr. Balasaheb Amate PRN No. 71715532D
Mr. Mahesh Gaikwad PRN No.71824224G