COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Dr. Jyoti Lakhani

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 1

 Computer Graphics are pictures that are generated by a computer

Computer Graphics is a field of computer science that deals with

computerized Image synthesis

Suppose we want to draw a triangle

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 2

 An abstract continuous space where we want to draw
triangle
- Object Space

What we have envisioned after drawing the triangle

- Object Definition

Continuous space having triangle

- Image Space

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 3

 To define triangle in its coordinate system–
- Geometric representation

Placement of triangle in space –

Continuous Space
- Transformation

Triangle can be drawn on a monitor –

Pixel by pixel..
This is called-

- Scan Conversion

Continuous space
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 4
 Distortion is introduced during scan conversion

Continuous Space (Vector image)

This is called Aliasing

Scan conversion

Anti-aliasing

Discrete Space (Raster Image)

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 5
A This letter A itself is a graphics in CG
and
This is drawn from a library of characters shapes

Computer Graphics also involve the study of TOOLS that are used to design such pictures

Computer Graphics Tools

Hardware Tools
Software Tools

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 6

 Computer Graphics Tools

Hardware Tools
Software Tools

Hardware tools include –

• Video monitors and printers that display graphics
• Input devices like a mouse or trackball that let a user point to
items and draw figures
• The computer along with its special circuitry to facilitate
graphical display or image capture.

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 7

 Computer Graphics Tools

Hardware Tools
Software Tools

Hardware tools include –

• Video monitors and printers that display graphics
• Input devices like a mouse or trackball that let a user point to
items and draw figures
• The computer along with its special circuitry to facilitate
graphical display or image capture.

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 8

 Computer Graphics Tools

Hardware Tools
Software Tools

Graphics Tools & Graphics Standards

Programming Environment Tools
a collection of “graphics routines” that produce
the pictures themselves

Operating system
Editor
Compiler
Debugger

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 9

 Some Applications of Computer Graphics
1. GRAPHS & CHARTS

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 10

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 11
2. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGNS (CAD) OR
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING & DESIGN (CADD)
- Used in Engineering, architectural systems
- in designing of buildings, automobiles, aircraft, watercraft, spacecraft, computers,
textiles, home appliances

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 12

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 13
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 14
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 15
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 16
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 17
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 18
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 19
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 20
 3. VIRTUAL REALITY ENVIRONMENTS

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 21

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 22
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 23
 4. DATA VISUALIZATIONS

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 24

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 25
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 26
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 27
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 28
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 29
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 30
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 31
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 32
 5. EDUCATION & TRAINING

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 33

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 34
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 35
 6. COMPUTER ART

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 36

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 37
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 38
 7. ENTERTAINMENT

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 39

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 40
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 41
11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 42
 8. IMAGE PROCESSING

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 43

 8. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES

11/11/2022 Source of the images: Hearn & Bekar 44