Pregnancy: The Impact of Nutrition on

the Future 2

Fajar Ari Nugroho

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Under Weight
Overweight & Obesity
having a low-birth weight
infant hypertension, gestational
diabetes, & postpartum
infection, also more likely to
have other complication of
labor & delivery

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Nausea
• Acidosis, dehydration, excessive weight loss

Constipation & Hemorrhage

• alter muscle tone & growing fetus crowds intestinal organs,
also develop hemorrhoids

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Food Craving & Aversion
• fairly common, but do not seem to reflect real
physiological needs

Heartburn
• relax the digestive muscle & the growing fetus puts
increasing pressure on mother stomach

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 Eat small,
frequent meals

Eat dry toast or Avoid foods with

crackers offensive odors

When
To Alleviate nauseated, do
On waking, arise the Nausea not drink citrus
slowly of juice, water,
Pregnancy milk, coffee, or
tea

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 Drink at least 8 Respond promptly
glasses of liquids a to the urge to
day defecate

Use laxative only

Exercise regularly as prescribe by
physician;

Eat food high in

fiber (fruits, To Prevent do not use mineral
oil, because it
vegetables & or Alleviate interferes with
whole-grain absorption of fat-
cereals) Constipation soluble vitamin

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 Avoid spicy or
greasy foods
Drink liquid Sit up while
between meals eating

Chew food elevate the head

thoroughly while sleeping;

To Prevent wait 1 hour after

eating before
Relax & eat
slowly or Relieve lying down, 2
hour before
Heartburn exercising

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Supplementation

Folic acid

Neural tube defect;

prevent
preconception;
birth defect;
hematology indices

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Neural Tube Defect

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Birth Defect

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Recommended Folic Acid
• 1 mg/day
Pregnant
women

Women with • 4 mg/day

• Take folic acid 1 month prior
tube defect conception & during first
history semester

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Supplementation

Fe

Anemia: low birth

weight; premature;
perinatal mortality;
maternal mortality
& morbidity

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Low Birth Weight

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Premature

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Recommendation

60 mg
5 μg folic Anemia
elemental
acid correction
iron

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Supplement

Iodine

Mental
impairment,
cretinism

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Mental Impairment

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Cretinism

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Recommendation
• Effective in
Timeline preconception & middle
pregnancy period

• 130 μg/day
Needs

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Supplementation

Calcium

Reduce
PIH(pregnancy
induce
hypertension)

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Recommendation
• increase in calcium intake

Intake through diet in women at

risk of hypertension or
low calcium areas

• 1000 mg/day

Doses
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 Thank you
Jika kita melayani,
maka hidup akan lebih berarti….

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