VHF EXCHANGE

PROCEDURE RADIO IN
COMMUNICATION
NAME :
1. ANANDA AMALINA
2. ARIF RAHMAN HAKIM
3. DEDE ANDREA SAGITA
4. IQBAL PRABASWARA P
5. MILAWATI INDAR R
VHF COMMUNICATIONS
VHF radio is an important communication tool on ships and is one of
the requirements for the seaworthiness of a ship. VHF radio is used for
communication
1.ship to ship
2. ship to land
3. land to ship.
3 STAGES TO VHF EXCHANGES
• MAKING CONTACT
Making contact is used to call another ship

• EXCHANGE OF MASSAGE
the content of the communication to be delivered to the other ships

• END PROCEDURE
used to end a communication
3 STAGES TO VHF EXCHANGES
EXAMPLE :
- MAKING CONTACT
MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY” MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY” MOTORVESSEL "HARMONY”, PAPA LIMA OSCAR MIKE 423. THIS IS
MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’, NOVEMBER ALFA DELTA ZULU 356.
- EXCHANGE OF MASSAGE
MV NANDA : MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY” MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY ” MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY”, PAPA LIMA OSCAR MIKE 423.
THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’, NOVEMBER ALFA DELTA ZULU
356
INFORMATION : may day may day this is MV NANDA have danger situation OVER
- END PROCEDURE
OVER, OUT
MV NANDA : MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY” MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY ” MOTORVESSEL “HARMONY”, PAPA LIMA OSCAR MIKE 423.
THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’ THIS IS MOTORVESSEL ‘’VIONA’’, NOVEMBER ALFA DELTA ZULU
356
INFORMATION : may day may day this is MV NANDA have danger situation OVER
CHANNEL USED FOR COMMUNICATION
ON VHF
- channel 16
is the international distress frequency.
Danger calls, danger news broadcast on this channel.
- channel 70
is the Digital Selective Calling (DSC) frequency, used to transmit alerts.
Voice communication on this channel is PROHIBITED.
- channel 13
is used to communicate between crews on different ships.
MODE ON CHANNEL VHF
The frequencies for each channel and whether they operate as both
SIMPLEX and DUPLEX modes have been allocated by international
agreement, here's an explanation :
- simplex is the communication method the transmitter and receiver
operate, the simplex channel is used for distress, urgency, safety and
routine calling purposes
- duplex channel is only used for communication between ships for
port operations and ship movement
HOW TO USE ?
• Basics Steps for Using a VHF Radio
1.Turn on the VHF unit and adjust the squelch by turning the knob until the static stops.
2.Tune to channel 16, the channel monitored by the U.S. Coast Guard.
3.Perform a radio check to ensure your unit is functioning properly—don’use channel 16
for this.
4.Use an "open channel" to performance the check (channels 68, 69, 71, 72 and 78A).
5.Turn radio to one-watt power setting, and key the microphone.
6.Call "radio check" three times, followed by your boat name and location.
7.Wait for a reply confirming someone has heard your transmission.
8.For general communications, always use channel 16.
HOW TO USE ?
FOR GENERAL COMMUNICATION
start by calling the other on channel 16; for example to reach your buddy on Some Fun you’d call
their boat name twice, followed by your boat name and “over” so it would so like this:
• “mv viona mv viona mv viona . This is mt harmony . Over.”
• Then mv viona should respond “mt harmony this is mv viona. Over.”
• You’ll reply with an open channel to switch to, for example “69.” Then both parties will switch to
channel 69 to exchange information.
• After your initial transmission on channel 16, wait at least two minutes before hailing the other
party again. If you still don’t get a reply wait 15 minutes and try again. The point is not to pollute
channel 16 with unnecessary transmission.
• If the other party is close by, switch your radio to 1 watt (low power) so that your transmission
does not travel so far. This lets distant boaters also use the channel.
• The open VHF frequencies are intended for operational messaging, so it’s OK to share weather
info, but not to talk sports. End each transmission with “over” and when you are done with the
conversation say your boat name and out,” which let’s everyone know you are done using that
channel.
HOW TO USE ?
For Emergency Situation
• Tune the radio the channel 16 and full power.
• If lives are in danger transmit “Mayday Mayday Mayday” and your
vessel name.
• Wait for the Coast Guard or other ship to respond and be ready to
reply with your location, ideally with latitude and longitude from GPS.
• If your situation is bad but not life-threatening, use the call “pan-pan.”
 8 MASSAGE MARKERS
Message markers are placed in front of the sentence, to provide an initial
message about the implications of the news. The message marker is:
• INSTRUCTION
• ADVICE
• WARNING
• INFORMATION
• QUESTION
• ANSWER
• REQUEST
• INTENTION
8 MASSAGE MARKERS
1. Instruction
This indicates that the following message implies the intention of the sender to influence
others by regulation for safety reasons.
• INSTRUCTIONS. Don't cross the fairway.
• INSTRUCTIONS. Stop your engine.

2. Advice
This indicates that the following message implies the intention of the sender to influence
others by a Recommendation. May not be followed, but must be considered well.
• ADVICE. Standby on VHF channel six nine.
• ADVICE. Put the wreck buoy on your right hand.
• ADVICE. Change your anchorage.
8 MASSAGE MARKERS
3. Warning
his indicates that the following message implies the intention of the sender to
inform others about danger. 
• WARNING. Obstruction in the fairway.
• WARNING. Shallow water ahead of you.

4. Information
This indicates that the following message is restricted to observed facts, situations,
etc. This marker is preferably used for navigational and traffic information, etc.
• INFORMATION. Buoy no. 2 is unlit.
• INFORMATION. A container was adrift at latitude ..., longitude...
• INFORMATION. I reduce my speed. Keep safe distance.
8 MASSAGE MARKERS
5. Question
This indicates that the following message is of interrogative character. Comment: “The use of this marker
removes any doubt on whether a question is being asked or statement being made, especially when
interrogatives such as What, Where, Why, Who, How are additionally used at the beginning of the question.
The recipient is expected to return an answer.
• QUESTION.Do you have berthing instruction for me?
• QUESTION. Do you have dangerous cargo on board?
• QUESTION. What is pilot boarding speed?

6. Intention
This indicates that the following message informs others about immediate navigational action intended to be
taken.
• INTENTION. Please port to port.
• INTENTION. I will reduce my speed.
• INTENTION. I will alter course to 350.
8 MASSAGE MARKERS
7. ANSWER
This indicates that the following message is the reply to a previous question.
• ANSWER. My speed is 7 knot
• ANSWER. I have dangerous cargo on board
• ANSWER.My present maximum draft is zero seven meters.

8. REQUEST
This indicates that the following message is asking for action from others with
respect to the vessel. 
• REQUEST. I require two tugs
• REQUEST. Please quickly, we need assistance couse the vessel have leak.