Ramakrishna Mission

Shilpamandira
Topic: Concept of PCM System

Branch: Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering

2nd Year
Name: Arghyadep Mondal
Roll: 41
WHY DIGITAL COMMUNICATION?
• Less complex because it uses only 0 and 1.
• This method of communication enables signal encryption to provide privacy of
information.
• In long distance communication, noise does not get accumulated from repeater to
repeater
• Can detect and correct errors by error controlling (Parity Check, Cyclic Redundancy
Check)
WHAT IS PCM ?
• It is the first step to convert an analog signal into a Digital Signal.
• Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent
sampled analog signals.
• It is the standard form of digital audio in computers, compact discs,
digital telephony and other digital audio applications.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SAMPLING
• Sampling is a process where we convert the continuous-time signal
into discrete time signal.
• Simply we chop a signal according to clock pulse.
• Here in PCM we use sample and hold circuit.
 QUANTIZATION
• Quantization is a process where the sampled signal are assigned to
nearest fixed digital level.
• Number of Digital levels depends on the bits per sample
• If bits per sample is N, then [.

• CD Recording uses 16 bit

quantizer with sampling
frequency 44.1 KHz.
• Telephony System uses
8 bit quantizer with 8
KHz.
 Binary Encoding
• All the quantization levels are then represented in binary.
• We get the output as binary for every samples.
• Then it is sent through transmission channel.
• The quantization and binary encoding is done by single circuit
called Analog to Digital converter.
DESIGN CRITERIA
• The sampling frequency must be to avoid aliasing error( =
message frequency).
• The quantization levels must be more enough so that the
quantization error cannot be generated.
IC AVAILABLE IN MARKET
• Number :TLV320AIC1107PW
• Designed For Analog And Digital Wireless
Handsets, Voice-enabled Terminals, And
Telecommunications Applications
• 8 Bit PCM Output
• Manufacturer: Texas Instrument
• Price: 1178/-
• Price Is Considerable Because Of
Efficiency
 CONCLUSION
• Pulse Code Modulation is in binary form, so there will be only
two possible states 0 & 1.
• We can also get back our analog signal by
demodulation(Reverse process of the modulation).
• Encryption facility is introduced in this system.
THANK YOU