IEEE UVCE Yantrik presents

CATIA MENTORSHIP
PROGRAMME

Venkatesh T S
3rd Year,
Mechanical Engineering,
UVCE
ABOUT MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:
 Mechanical engineering is an engineering branch that
combines engineering physics and mathematics principles with
materials science, to design, analyze, manufacture, and
maintain mechanical systems.
 It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering
branches. 
PRODUCT LIFE-CYCLE
MANAGEMENT (PLM):
TYPES OF DRAWING:
Effectiveness of Graphics
Language:
1. Try to write a description of
this object.

2. Test your written description

by having someone attempt
to make a sketch from your
description.

You can easily understand that …

The word languages are inadequate for describing the size,

shape and features completely as well as concisely.
 Composition of Graphic Language:

Graphic language in “engineering application” use

lines to represent the surfaces, edges and contours of
objects.

• The language is known as “drawing” or “drafting” .

• A drawing can be done using freehand, instruments or

computer methods.
Freehand drawing :
The lines are sketched without using instruments other
than pencils and erasers.

Example:-
Instrument drawing
Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles, and
curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are
usually made to scale.
Example:-
Computer Aided Design
The drawings are usually made by commercial software such
as AutoCAD, CATIA, Solid works etc.

Example:-
OUTLOOK OF CAD SOFTWARE'S:
INTRODUCTION TO CAD
 In this CIM technology CAD/CAM play an effective role.
 CAD/CAM system is ideally suited for designing and
manufacturing mechanical components of free from complex
2-dimensional and 3-dimensional shapes.
 CAD/CAM technology plays an important role in functioning
of robots. In CAD/CAM system the robot work data is
prepared from CAD data from the first designing process.
USES
 Computer-aided engineering (CAE) and Finite element
analysis (FEA)
 Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) including instructions
to Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines
 Document management and revision control using Product
Data Management (PDM).
 
POTENTIAL APPLICATION AREAS OF CAD/CAM
 Design and Design Analysis: CAD system would be best
suited for drawing offices where frequent modification are
required on drawing and several parts repeat.
 It must be remembered that it very easy with computer to
make modifications and very fast to draw part profile once it
details are feed in computer.
WHAT IS CATIA?
 CATIA  an acronym o Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional
Interactive Application) is a multi-platform software
suite for computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided
manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided engineering (CAE), 3D
modelling and Product lifecycle management (PLM),
developed by the French company Dassault Systems.
WHY CATIA?
 It supports multiple stages of product development from
conceptualization, design and engineering to
manufacturing, it is considered a CAD-software and is
sometimes referred to as a 3D Product Lifecycle
Management software suite.
 Like most of its competition it facilitates collaborative
engineering through an integrated cloud service and have
support to be used across disciplines including surfacing
& shape design, electrical, fluid and electronic systems
design, Mechanical engineering.
WHAT CATIA V5 CAN DO?
CATIA V5 is an integrated Computer Aided Engineering tool
that:
• Incorporates CAD, CAM, CAE, and other applications
• Is based on Graphical User Interface
• Is based on Variation / Parametric technology
• Encourages design flexibility and reuse
• Supports knowledge based design
WHAT IS ENGINEERING DRAWING?
 An Engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing,
used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered
items, and is usually created in accordance with
standardized conventions for Layout, nomenclature,
interpretation, appearance size, etc.
 Its purpose is to accurately and unambiguously capture all
the geometric features of a product or a component.
 The end goal of an engineering drawing is to convey all the
required information that will allow a manufacturer to
produce that component.
 PURPOSE OF AN ENGINEERING DRAWING
1. An engineering drawing is not an illustration.
2. It is a specification of the size and shape of a part or
assembly.
3. The important information on a drawing is the dimension
and tolerance of all of its features.
Basic Elements for Drafting
LINES
TYPES OF LINES
APPLICATION OF LINES
CONVENTIONS REPRESENTATION OF VARIOUS MATERIALS
DIMENSIONING
 DIMENSIONING GUIDELINES
Dimensions define the size of a feature or its location relative to other features
or a frame of reference, called a datum.

The term “feature” refers to surfaces, faces, holes, slots, corners, bends, arcs
and fillets that add up to form an engineering part.

The basic rules of dimensioning are:

1. Dimension where the feature contour is shown.
2. Place dimensions between the views.
3. Dimension off the views.
4. Dimension mating features for assembly.
5. Do not dimension to hidden lines.
6. Stagger dimensioning values.
7. Create a logical arrangement of dimensions.
8. Consider fabrication processes and capabilities.
9. Consider inspection processes and capabilities.
IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF
DIMENSIONING
Two types of dimensioning: (1) Size and location
dimensions and (2) Detail dimensioning
(1) (2)
ARRANGEMENT OF DIMENSIONS
•Keep dimension off of the part where possible.
• Arrange extension lines so the larger dimensions are outside of the
smaller dimensions.
• Stagger the dimension value labels to ensure they are clearly defined.
DIMENSIONING HOLES
•Dimension the diameter of a hole.
• Locate the center-line.
• Use a notes and designators for repeated hole sizes
 ANGLES, CHAMFERS AND TAPERS
•Dimension the one vertex for an angled face, the other vertex is determined by an
intersection.
• Chamfers are generally 45 with the width of the face specified.

30
DIMENSIONING THE RADIUS OF AN ARC
• Dimension an arcs is given by its radius.
• Locate the center of the radius or two tangents to the arc.
DRILLED HOLES, COUNTER
BORES AND COUNTERSINKS
•Use the depth symbol to define the depth of a drilled hole.
• Use the depth symbol or a section view to dimension a counter bore.
• Countersinks do not need a section view.
 Drawing Scales
Scale is the ratio of the linear dimension of an element of an
object shown in the drawing to the real linear dimension of the
same element of the object.

Size in drawing Actual size

:
 Drawing Scales
• Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow

SCALE 1:1 for full size

SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales (X > 1)
SCALE 1:X for reduction scales (X > 1)

• Dimension numbers shown in the drawing are correspond

to “true size” of the object and they are independent of
the scale used in creating that drawing.
SCALING VS. DIMENSIONING
 Drawings can be a different scales, but dimensions are
ALWAYS at full scale.
PROJECTION
METHOD
 PROJECTION THEORY
• The projection theory is used to graphically represent
3-D objects on 2-D media (paper, computer
screen).

• The projection theory is based on two variables:

1) Line of sight
2) Plane of projection (image plane or picture plane)
Line of sight is an imaginary ray of light between an
observer’s eye and an object.

There are 2 types of LOS : Parallel and Perspective

Parallel projection Perspective projection

Line of sight
Line of sight
 Plane of projection is an imaginary flat plane
which the image is created.
The image is produced by connecting the points where
the LOS pierce the projection plane.
Parallel projection Perspective projection

Plane of projection Plane of projection

 DISADVANTAGE OF
PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION

• Perspective projection is not

used by engineer for
manufacturing of parts, because
1) It is difficult to create.
2) It does not reveal exact
shape and size. Width is distorted
ORTHOGRAPHIC
PROJECTION
MEANING
Orthographic projection is a parallel projection
technique in which the parallel lines of sight are
perpendicular to the projection plane
Object views from top
1

2
1 5 2 3 4

5
3

4
Projection plane
QUADRANTS:-
2ND AND 4TH ANGLE OF PROJECTION:
 As per rule of projection when horizontal plane is rotated
90 degree in clockwise direction, top and front view will
overlap.
 Overlapping projection views create confusion in the
drawing. Therefore 2nd angle projection system is not
used.
 Similarly when object is placed in 4th quadrant both top
and front view will overlap. Therefore fourth angle
projection is also not used. 
 To sum up, because of overlapping of front and top
views 2nd and 4th angle projections are not used. First
and third angle projection systems are recommended for
orthographic projections
 SYMBOLS FOR THIRD ANGLE
(RIGHT)OR FIRST ANGLE (LEFT).

 First angle projection is the ISO standard and is primarily used in Europe. The
3D object is projected into 2D "paper" space as if you were looking at an X-ray
of the object: the top view is under the front view, the right view is at the left of
the front view.
 Third angle projection is primarily used in the United States and Canada, where
it is the default projection system according to BS 8888:2006, the left view is
placed on the left the top view on the top.
IMAGE OF A PART REPRESENTED
IN FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION
Orthographic projection
OBJECT
Conversation of Isometric to
 

Orthographic
Example 1:
CONVERSATION OF ISOMETRIC TO
ORTHOGRAPHIC
EXAMPLE 2:
 CONVERSATION OF ISOMETRIC
TO ORTHOGRAPHIC

TRY THIS!
SECTION OF SOLID
 SECTIONING A SOLID. An object ( here a solid ) is cut by
some imaginary cutting plane to understand internal
details of that object. The action of cutting is called
SECTIONING a solid & The plane of cutting is called
SECTION PLANE.
CONTD.
 Hidden features of an object are shown using dotted lines in
their projected views
 When there are too many hidden features, it becomes
difficult to visualize the object
 In such cases one usually shows a sectioned view of the
solid – the view obtained by virtually cutting the solid by a
plane called the section (cutting) plane and removing the
part between the observer and the plane SECTIONING A
SOLID. An object ( here a solid ) is cut by some imaginary
cutting plane to understand internal details of that object.
SECTIONAL VIEWS
GEOMETRIC DIMENSIONING
AND TOLERANCE (GD&T)
 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerance (GD&T) is a system
for defining and communicating engineering tolerances and
relationships.
 It uses a symbolic language on engineering drawings and
computer-generated three-dimensional solid models that
explicitly describe nominal geometry and its allowable variation.
 It tells the manufacturing staff and machines what degree
of accuracy and precision is needed on each controlled feature
of the part.
 GD&T is used to define the nominal (theoretically perfect)
geometry of parts and assemblies, to define the allowable
variation in form and possible size of individual features, and to
define the allowable variation between features.
GD&T SYMBOL’S
THANK YOU