▪ A transmission not of

existing cultural heritage

Renewal but of prospective culture
Function still to be acquired by
society.
 Discussion:

School system is quite a complex system due to the interrelationship

of the subsystems. One should not be neglected because it has a
special function within the system. The essentialities of dynamic
equilibrium should carefully be initiated as to the value of the
mechanism of renewal. With this regard, the transmission of
prospective culture is clearly address the adaptation and development
of what is existing culture in the school system. Renewal function
provides access to improve the quality and relevance of education with
balance to its environment in the great society.
 ▪ Has to be in equilibrium in
order to keep school system
Renewal in existence.
Mechanis ▪ Allow the school system to
m respond to changes in the
society.
 Discussion:

Equilibrium in the school system is important to be maintained so

that the elastic change will hold the momentum of its development.
It is the ability of renewal mechanism to allow the social system to
respond the changes in the society. Meaning, it will not remain to their
wonted culture. It calls for adaptation to a new introduced culture that
could help modify existing cultural aspects of individual or group of
people.
 ▪ Acculturation - can be define as the
process of learning and incorporating
the values, beliefs, customs and
Forms of mannerisms of the new country

Renewal
immigrants.
▪ Enculturation - is the process by
Mechanis which people learn the dynamics of

m their surrounding culture and acquire

values and norms appropriate or
necessary to that culture and its
worldviews.
Discussion:
Maintenance mechanism can be done through Acculturation and
Enculturation.
Meaning, it is adaptation to the new culture or merging of culture as a
result of prolonged contact. For example, during the stays of colonizers in
the Philippines, songs, dances, religion and languages are introduce by
other countries to Filipino people. We adopted the foreign ideas and culture
which developed our educational system.
Gradually people learn on what they observe in their surrounding culture
to which an individual can also be influenced with their parents, other
adults, and peers that could limit, direct and shape them. For instance in
religious activities, an individual will observe first on their rituals before
adapting and embracing Christianity. When they are convinced with the
religious manner of worship, then they will follow of what they are doing.
 ▪ During the Spaniards occupation, the

Renewal school system serve as a vehicle for

Christian nation of the Filipino

Function people, for the hispanization of an

elite class, and as a means of
Before subjecting the Filipino natives to
spam.
 Discussion:

During this period, Philippines has already an informal type of education prior
to the arrival of the Spanish Colonizers. An oral tradition was handed down from
generation to generation in the form of poetry, ballads, songs and dances. They
are already literate and had their own system of writing that they used for
communication. When the Spaniards came into the Philippines, cultural
adaptation begun to happen and discrimination of Filipino native as well. School
system has a great role in spreading Christianity in the Philippines. It serves as the
channel for educating general colonial aims to Filipinos. Thus, primary schools
were taught reading, writing, arithmetic, sacred history and catechism. So,
Catechism as included in the curriculum plays a huge role in cultural system within
the school system. Through this renewal mechanism in school system, Christianity
spread rapidly and it reaches about 86% of the total population in the Philippines.
 ▪ During the American occupation,
higher education was again used as a
vehicle for a renewal to implant the
aims of the American occupation which

Renewal were: democratization for self-

government, introduction of English as

Function a common language, promotion of the

dignity of labor and the promotion as
Before common language, promotion of the
dignity of labor and the promotion of
mass education so that every individual
would find his rightful place in society.
 Discussion:

Enormous modification happened from Spanish to American Regime.

Filipinos enjoying their rights and privileges without social
classification discrimination. School system adapted the aims of
American colonizers as to its significant effects to Filipino people. All this
implanted aims were still existing and practiced due to its impact to
educational development. Americans valued the education of Filipinos
by means of giving teachers’ training and brought about 1000 teachers
from US to provide them training. Application of English language is the
most prevalent among the shared culture. It became a medium of
instruction from Elementary to tertiary level until in this present time.
We are very much thankful because we learned the English language
that is useful in international communication.
 ▪ The curriculum of higher
education, due to government
policies, is used as a vehicle for
Renewal societal renewal in the field of

Function population education,

cooperatives, conservation of
Now natural resources, environmental
education, taxation, tourism and
consumers’ education.
 Discussion:

In the present time, curriculum in higher education had completely

exercised its capabilities for social change where in the subject taught
are preparing individual to participate in the society. But of course, the
existing adapted cultures were still implemented and never neglected
as part already of our culture in school system like the use of English
language and catechism. The development of educational system is
anchored to the previous culture that merge together resulting to a
new standardized school system.
 ▪ Renewal in the school system brings
about either function loss or function
Renewal Function…. gain.
▪ Education system have to develop a
system whereby there can be renewal,
Conclusion flexibility and change as well.
▪ The function of renewal in the school
system finds its application in the
programs of upgrading teaching,
renewal sessions, formation courses
and training seminars.
Discussion:
* For example in Department of Education, the implementation of no collection policy within the school
system is a function loss as the function of the school to raise a funds was prohibited. We all know that funds
are very important for the development of the school activities, facilities and other commodities. Now, the
implementation of the projects and programs of the school will be affected since funds from school MOOE
cannot defray the allocated budget based on the guidelines of its usage and also the release procedure is
quarterly-based. So the project will remain partial due to no collection of funds.
* Therefore, the education system should not limit the capabilities of developing and adapting changes
specially that we are now in information age. Technology advancement serves as essential denominator in
innovating the curriculum. We know that lots researchers are doing studies to understand how the educational
system evolved and integrate new ideas that will sharpened the management and the curriculum standard. The
emphasis of studies serves as mechanism allowing the school system to adapt new trends. For instance, the
adaptation of the K-12 curriculum which was clearly unstable because of some factors affecting the system.
However, Philippines is still very flexible in adapting changes even when there is insufficiency of teaching force,
facilities, instructional materials and budget. These concerns were furnished strategically to address the needs
of the system. Now, even if we are not ready, because of renewal function, Philippines continuously adapt the
curriculum to provide quality education and compete educational system to other country.
* Meaning there is a progressive forms of teaching competence, curriculum strategic planning and
transformation of learning through training. If teachers undergone training their knowledge and skills will be
develop. However, if there is no changes of programs in the school system, teachers’ performance will be
stagnant and freezing of the curriculum happen due to lack of updating new trends in uplifting their learnings.
Renewal sessions within the school system determine the plans and possible actions to which ensure expanding
access and give decent basic education to Filipino people.
Thank you
very much!