MODULE 4

Health Education
 OBJECTIVES:
  Apply concepts of the good health triangle
  Practice personal hygiene
  Determine the common communicable diseases and apply preventive
measures
  Value the needs for proper nutrition
  Comply with food guide pyramid for a daily healthy diet
  Explain the different methods of family planning
  Discuss drug abuse and its prevention
  Cite penalties against drug abuse
 GOOD HEALTH TRIANGLE
 Health is a state of optimal, physical, mental, and social wellbeing, where an
individual (and all his body parts) is able to perform his or her vital functions
normally and properly.
 Physical health is very important because if you
do not take good care of your health,all other
aspects of your body as well as its functions
become affected.
 Mental health is defined as “a state of
emotional and psychological well-being in
which an individual is able to use his or her
cognitive and emotional capabilities,
function in society, and met the ordinary
demands of everyday life.”
 Environmental health as defined by the
World Health Organization refers to the
“theory and practice of assessing and
controlling factors in the environment that
can potentially affect health.”
 PERSONAL HYGIENE AND
PROPER SANITATION
 Personalhygiene is defined as the practice
of an individual to safeguard his/her body
and the health of others in observing
precautionary protection
 DISEASES
A disease is “any abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort,
dysfunction, or distress to the person affected.” Diseases may be caused by a variety
or organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and protozoans.
 Bacteria- are prokaryotes and are among the most abundant organisms on earth. These may multiply
inside the human body and lad to diseases.
 Viruses-are not organisms but are particles of nucleic acids enveloped by a protein shell. When a virus
comes into contact with a host cell, it can insert its genetic materials into its hosts, and takes over the
host’s function.
 Fungi- can also cause diseases among humans. These are saprophytic and parasitic organisms that lack
chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms and yeasts.
 Parasites- are organisms that rely on living organisms for their nutrition and subsistence. They live in
living hosts.
 Protozoans- can cause diseases. Such as amebiasis (entamoeba histolyca), malaria (plasmodium
falciparum), giardiasis (giardia lamblia).
 Top 10 killer Diseases in the Philippines

1. Pneumonia 6. Tuberculosis/ Respiratory Infections

2. Diarrhea 7. Heart Disease
3. Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis 8. Malaria
4. Influenza 9. Chicken pox
5. Hypertension 10.Measles
 Common Communicable Diseases and
Preventions
 Sore Eyes (conjunctivitis, red eyes)
 Chronic Bronchitis (obstructive lung diseases, emphysema, smoker’s cough)
 Common Cold (blocked nose, runny nose, clogged nose)
 Chicken pox (herpes zoster, shingles)
 Cholera (El tor)
 Whooping cough (pertussis)
 Measles
 Pneumonia
 Tuberculosis (TB)
 Asthma
 Dengue
 SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
 AH1N1
 PROPER NUTRITION
 Nutrition is the science of food. It is a scientific
study of the nutrients and other substances, and
the ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport,
utilization, and excretion of food substances and
wastes.
 BASIC NUTRIENTS IN FOOD

A nutrition diet has an adequate amount of

essential nutrients and fibers, enough energy from
carbohydrates, lipids and proteins and moderate
amount of salt, sodium and sugar low amount of
fat. Poor nutrition is a factor that contributes to
diseases, which could have been prevented.
FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID
 A Carbohydrate is the body’s primary fuel source. The body processes
carbohydrates into glucose.
 Proteins are the main structural building blocks of the body for growth,
maintenance and repair of body tissue. They are needed to make muscles,
skin, hair, nails, connective tissue, collagen, and cartilages healthy.
 Lipids are the fats and oils that are insoluble in water but are soluble in other
solvent such as ether and benzene.
 Water is a solvent, lubricant, and medium for the transport of nutrients and
wastes and for the regulation of temperature and chemical processes.
 Vitamins refer to the Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble vitamins. Minerals
however, refer to the major trace minerals
 FAMILY PLANNING
 The concept of family planning is to enhance the
quality of life by regulating or spacing the
children to promote the health of the mother and
the child. It focuses on the parent’s responsibility
to provide their children’s needs and to take
active part in their community.
 METHOD ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
1. Rhythm/Calendar Requires abstinence Does not violate religious Restricts sexual activity to
during woman’s fertile bars against artificial control woman’s cycle; less reliable
period with women with irregular
menstruation

2. Pills- Work by Provides constant dosages May cause weight gain,

preventing ovulation of estrogen and tender and swollen breast,
and thickening of progesterone; may protect light or absent period,
cervical mucus women from rheumatoid nausea, headaches and
arthritis depression

3. IUD (Intra-uterine Once inserted, requires no Increased risk of tubal

Device) – Works by further actions, allows pregnancy, infertility and
preventing implantation spontaneous lovemaking pelvic inflammatory disease;
of fertilized egg in increase menstrual flow and
uterus cramps

4. Diaphragm- Works by Fully reversible with no side Spermicide must be reapplied for each episode of
preventing passage of effects; may protect against intercourse; some women
the sperm into the some sexually transmitted find it difficult to insert and
female reproductive diseases (STD) unaesthetic
track

5. Condom- Works by Available without Lovemaking is interrupted;

preventing passage of prescription at low cost, no reduces sexual pleasure to
the sperm into female side effects, protects against some men
reproductive track aids and other STDs

6. Vaginal SpongeWorks by preventing passage of the sperm 24 hours in advance of lovemaking Difficulty removing the device
into female
reproductive track

7. Spermicide- Contains Inexpensive, widely Must be inserted 10-30

chemicals that available without minutes intercourse; some
immobilize and kill prescription, fully women find them
sperms reversible; may protect unaesthetic
against some STDs
 NURSING CARE OF THE MOTHER WHO IS
BREASTFEEDING
 A. Assessment
1. Desire to breastfeed
2. Knowledge of breastfeeding and breast care
3. Level of anxiety regarding breastfeeding
 B. Implementation
1. Feeding schedule- The length of time is usually 20 minutes with
greatest quantity of milk consume in first 5-10 minutes.
2. Feeding techniques- The mother and infant should be in comfortable
position. The entire body of infant should be bent towards mother’s
breast.
3. Breast milk intake- This should be done based on one-sixth to one-
seventh of baby’s weight per day.
4. Care of breast- The nursing pads should be placed inside bra cap to
absorb any milk leaking between feedings. The pad should be cleaned
with plain water once a day.
C. Outcomes
1. Infant sleeping between feeding
2. Infant receiving enough milk
3. Mother has no sign of breast infection
 THANK YOU!!!
Reported by:
 Ravelo, Merry Ann
 James kyle Dumalagan
 Julian Malinao
 Ahron Jasper Ramas
 Pholline ken Zamudio