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GENERAL STUDIES PROJECT

TOPIC:- CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF INDIAN
TERM II (2021-2022)

SOCIETY
 SOCIAL INEQUALITY
• SOCIAL INEQUALITY OCCURS WHEN
RESOURCES IN A GIVEN SOCIETY ARE
DISTRIBUTED UNEVENLY, TYPICALLY
THROUGH NORMS OF ALLOCATION, THAT
ENGENDER SPECIFIC PATTERNS ALONG LINES
OF SOCIALLY DEFINED CATEGORIES OF
PERSONS. IT IS THE DIFFERENTIATION
PREFERENCE OF ACCESS OF SOCIAL GOODS
IN THE SOCIETY BROUGHT ABOUT BY
POWER, RELIGION, KINSHIP, PRESTIGE, RACE,
ETHNICITY, GENDER, AGE, SEXUAL
ORIENTATION, AND CLASS. 
 KINDS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN
INDIA
• GENDER INEQUALITY
GENDER AS A SOCIAL INEQUALITY IS WHEREBY
WOMEN AND MEN ARE TREATED DIFFERENTLY
DUE TO MASCULINITY AND FEMININITY BY
DIVIDING LABOR, ASSIGNING ROLES, AND
RESPONSIBILITIES AND ALLOCATING SOCIAL
REWARDS. SEX- AND GENDER-BASED 
PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION, CALLED 
SEXISM, ARE MAJOR CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
TO SOCIAL INEQUALITY.
• RACIAL INEQUALITY
RACIAL OR ETHNIC INEQUALITY IS THE RESULT
OF HIERARCHICAL SOCIAL DISTINCTIONS
BETWEEN RACIAL AND ETHNIC CATEGORIES
WITHIN A SOCIETY AND OFTEN ESTABLISHED
BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS SUCH AS SKIN
COLOR AND OTHER PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OR AN INDIVIDUAL'S PLACE
OF ORIGIN.
 IMPLICATIONS OF SOCIAL
INEQUALITY
• INEQUALITY AFFECTS EVERY MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY. ECONOMIC
INEQUALITY IMPACTS THE GDP PER CAPITA. IT GIVES RISE TO POORER
PUBLIC HEALTH AND ILLITERACY, THUS INCREASING CRIME RATES,
FUELLING POLITICAL INSTABILITY, AND EVENTUALLY DESTABILISING THE
SOCIETY.
• THE MOST PERSISTENT INEQUALITY IN INDIA IS IN THE INCOME AND
DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME AND RESOURCES AMONG THE PEOPLE. THIS IS
DUE TO FACTORS LIKE FAMILY INFLUENCE AND INHERITANCE ETC. THERE
EXISTS A LARGE SCALE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PEOPLE EMPLOYED IN THE
FORMAL AND NON-FORMAL SECTOR.
 THE WAY FORWARD
• BY ENSURING UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO
PUBLIC FUNDED HIGH QUALITY SERVICES
LIKE PUBLIC HEALTH AND EDUCATION,
SOCIAL SECURITY
BENEFITS, EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE
SCHEMES; INEQUALITY CAN BE REDUCED
TO GREAT EXTENT.
• BY ENSURING UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO
PUBLIC FUNDED HIGH QUALITY SERVICES
LIKE PUBLIC HEALTH AND EDUCATION,
SOCIAL SECURITY
BENEFITS, EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE
SCHEMES; INEQUALITY CAN BE REDUCED
TO GREAT EXTENT.
WAYS TO ERADICATE
INEQUALITY:-
1. Give a voice to oppressed groups.
2. Introduce land reforms and raise taxation for the
wealthy.
3. Eliminate caste discrimination.
4. Make women more visible in public life and
institutions.
5. Ensure that all groups and communities can
express their voice without fear.
BIBLIOGRAPHY