TOOLS

Prepared by: Engr. Arnold Stephen C. Radaza

2-1 TOOL

▪Defined as implements used to modify raw

materials for human use.
2-2 IMPORTANCE OF TOOLS

Advantages:
1. Efficiency
2. Accuracy
3. Quality of the work
4. Speed of work
The advantages mention depends on:
1. Availability and sufficiency of materials
2. Experience and skill of the workers in their respective field
3. Tools and equipment of good quality and standard make
2-3 CLASSIFICATION OF TOOLS

Construction tools are categorized into six functional groups:

1. Striking tools
2. Cutting tools
3. Boring tools
4. Torsion tools
5. Measuring tools
6. Holding tools
2-3 CLASSIFICATION OF TOOLS

Tools maybe classified according to the different kinds of trade involved, namely:
1. Carpentry tools
2. Masonry tools
3. Tinsmith tools
4. Painters tools
5. Plumbing tools
6. Electrical tools
2-4 CARPENTRY TOOLS

▪ A good carpenter possess a full set of tools of the best kind from standard make
regardless of cost.

Carpentry Tools are Classified According to Functions.

1. Guide and testing tools 7. Rough facing tools
2. Marking tools 8. Smooth facing tools
3. Measuring tools 9. Boring tools
4. Holding tools 10. Fastening tools
5. Toothed cutting tools 11. Sharpening tools
6. Sharp-edge cutting tools 12. Working bench
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

1. Straight edge – a tool used to guide pencil or scriber in marking straight line
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

2. Square – a 90° standard right angle tool used for marking and testing work.

Square is classified into the following types.

1. Try or Trying Square – a square with blades ranging from 6 to 12 inches.
2. Miter Square – a square with blades permanently set at 45°.
3. Combined Try and Miter Square – a combination of 45° and 90° in one setting.
4. Combined Square – similar in appearance with try square only that the hand
can slide and clamp at any desired distance of the blade.
5. Framing or Steel Square – so called as it is used effectively on various framing
works.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

Try square
Miter square

Combined try and miter square

Combined Square
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

The Different Parts of Framing Square are:

1. Body – the longer and wider part of the square.
2. Tongue – the shorter and narrower part.
3. Face – the side of the square visible when the tongue is held by the
left hand with the body pointing with the body pointing to the right.
4. Heel - the point at which the tongue and body meet on the outside
edge.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

3. Level – used for both guiding and testing the work to a vertical and horizontal
position. One of the best and accurate tool for guiding work in establishing a
horizontal level is using plastic hose with water.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

4. Bevel – a tool used to make a sloping edge.

2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

▪ Angle Divider – a double bevel square used to divide an angle in a complicated

work in one setting.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

▪ Miter Shooting Board – a plain board with 45° guide fastened on top of the upper
board. This device is used in designing patterns, cabinets, etc.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

▪ Miter Box – a device used as guide of the handsaw in cutting objects to form a
miter joint.
2-4.1 GUIDING AND TESTING TOOLS

▪ Plumb bob – a metal tool used to check a vertical line. The word plumb means
perpendicular to a horizontal line.
2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

Marking tools are classified according to the kind of work they are to perform.
1. Chalk Line and Reel – is used for marking a very rough work
2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

2. Lead Pencil – used for marking rough work

2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

3. Scratch Awl – used in marking semi-rough work

2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

4. Scriber – used in marking fine work.

2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

5. Compass – a tool used to describe an arc or circle.

2-4.2 MARKING TOOLS

6. Divider – used in dividing distances into equal parts from an arc,

circumference including straight lines.
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ The different types of measuring tools used in building constructions are

popularly known as “Rule”. They are:
1. The two-fool four folding rule
2. The Extension Rule
3. The Zigzag rule
4. Push pull tape rule
5. Slide caliper rule
6. Marking rule
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ The two-foot four folding rule – made of four fold blade connected by three
hinges spaced at 6 inches (15 cm.) apart generally used for measuring short
distances.
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ The Extension Rule – used to measure inside distances like doors, windows, inside
cabinets, etc.
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ The Zigzag rule – available in 4 feet and 6 feet long commonly used by carpenters
on rough layout.
3 types of zigzag rule joints:
1. Concealed joint
2. Riveted joint
3. Springless joint
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ Push pull tape rule – used to measure longer distances available from 1 meter to
50 meters long.
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ Slide caliper rule – a special tool used to measure outside diameter of cylindrical
objects.
2-4.3 MEASURING TOOLS

▪ Marking rule – a tool most appropriate in marking lines parallel with the edges of
wood.