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Revmatoid Artrit
Revmatoid Artrit
KAFEDRASI
REVMATOID ARTRIT
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Mavzuning dolzarbligi: Revmatoid artrit –
bo’g’imlarning eng keng tarqalgan kasalligi
bo’lib, jamiyat uchun iqtisodiy yo’qotishni YuIK
bilan taqqoslash mumkin. Kasallik
boshlangandan 20 yildan keyin bemorlarning
60-90%i mehnat qobiliyatini yo’qotadilar, 1/3
qismi batamom nogiron bo’lib qoladilar.
Infeksion omil
Paramiksoviruslar Gepatoviruslar Gerpesviruslar
Trigger omil
Sovqotish Giperinsolyasiya Intoksikasiya
T- limfotsitlar defitsiti va
B - limfotsitlarning
antitanalar sintezi nazoratining
agregatsiyalangan IgG sintezi
yetishmasligi
PATOGENEZI (davomi)
GENETIK MOYILLIK
RA erta bosqichi
Pannus
RA kechki bosqichi
suyak ankilozi
Revmatoid artrit
1 2 3 4
1. synovitis
2. fibroz ankiloz
3. Suyak ankilozi
4. osteoporoz
TASNIFI
(Rossiya revmatologlar assotsiatsiyasi plenium majlisida 30
sentyabr 2007 y qabul qilingan.)
1. Asosiy tashxis:
Revmatoid artrit seropozitiv (M05.8)
Eroziv
Eroziv
emas
DAS=0,56ЧБС+0,28ЧПС+0,70lnСОЭ+
+ 0,014ОСЗ
ЧБС – og’riqli bo’gimlar soni (tender joint count ),
ЧПС – shishgan bo’gimlar soni (swollen joint count ),
СОЭ – EChT(ESR),
ОСЗ – VASh bo’yicha baho (visual analog scale)
DAS 28.
28 bo’g’imni tekshirish asosida hisoblanadi: proksimal
falangalararo, qo’l panja-falanga, bilak-panja, tirsak, elka va
tizza bo’g’imlari
Enter clinical data to calculate the
Disease Activity Score
Clinical variable Og’riqli bo’g’imlar soni
tender joint count (0- (0-28)
28) Shishgan bo’g’imlar
swollen joint count soni (0-28)
(0-28) EChT (mm/s)
ESR (mm/h) VASh(mm)
VAS general health
patient (mm)
Rheumatoid arthritis - symptoms:
Around the joints
Warmth - gipertermiya
Redness - qizarish
swelling - shish
Pain – og’riq
limitations in joint
motion – bo’g’imda
harakat cheklanishi
General
sickness – og’riq
tiredness - charchoq
fever - isitma
Tirsak bo’g’imi zararlanishi
Mayda va periferik bo’g’imlarda kuchayib
boruvchi og’riq va harakat cheklanisi bilan
boshlanadi
Ba’zan kattaroq bo’g’imlarning o’tkir
monoartriti bilan boshlanishi mumkin
Katta yoshlilarda ko’p mayda bo’g’imlar va
katta bo’g’mlar o’tkir poliartriri bilan
boshlanadi
Rheumatoid arthritis
Revmatoid tugunchalar –
nekrotik qism, atrofida
makrofaglar, limfositlar, plazmatik
hujayralar va fibroblastlar
Buyrak zararlanishi
Ikkilamci
Nefrit Pielonefrit
amiloidoz
Buyrak zararlanishi
Surunkali buyrak
yetishmovchiligi
Ko’z zararlanishi
Quruq
kerato-
kon’yuktivit,
episklerit.
Asab sistemasi Kompression
zararlanishi neyropatiya
Mushaklar zararlanishi
Bo’g’imlar Mushaklar Periferik
yallig’lanishi yallig’lanishi neyropatiya
Mushaklar gipokineziyasi
Mushaklar atrofiyasi
Mushaklar bo’shashishi
Revmatoid vaskulit – 1% dan ko’proq
pasientlarda kuzatiladi. Ko’proq seropositive RA
li erkaklarda uchraydi. Klassik simptomi–
periferik gangrena
Felly's syndrome– set of symptoms–
expressed neutropenia, splenomegaly,
acute join lesion, systematic manifestation,
hyperpigmentation of skin of inferior
extremity
Sjogren'S syndrome– often occurs in RA,
manifested – Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(itch, burning, discomfort, later vision
decay, «sand in the eyes») и xerostomia
(dryness in mouth)
Limfoadenopatiya
25-30% bemorlarda aniqlanadi. Ko’pinvha kasallikning
og’ir kechishida kuzatiladi
DIAGNOSIS
• laboratory research– CBA –
hypochromic anaemia, ESR, CRP
increase
• Immunology research– Seropositive.
Seronegative
• Synovial fluid analyze– viscosity
decrease, friable mucigenic clot,
leukocytosis with neutrophilosis.
ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ
• Рентгенологическое исследование ПО
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
АСТАПЕНКО М.Г., ПИХЛАК Э.Г. 1966) –
• I СТАДИЯ ОСТЕОПОРОЗ, БЕЗ ДЕСТРУКТИВНЫХ
РЕНТГЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕИЙ
• II СТАДИЯ - НЕЗНАЧИТЕЛЬНОЕ РАЗРУШЕНИЕ ХРЯЩА И КОСТИ,
НЕБОЛЬШОЕ СУЖЕНИЕ СУСТАВНОЙ ЩЕЛИ, ЕДИНИЧНЫЕ УЗУРЫ
КОСТЕЙ
• III СТАДИЯ - ЗНАЧИТЕЛЬНОЕ РАЗРУШЕНИЕ ХРЯЩА И КОСТИ,
ВЫРАЖЕННОЕ СУЖЕНИЕ СУСТАВНОЙ ЩЕЛИ, МНОЖЕСТВЕННЫЕ
УЗУРЫ, ПОДВЫВИХИ
• IV СТАДИЯ - СИМПТОМЫ III СТАДИИ, СОПРОВОЖЛАЮЩИЕСЯ
АНКИЛОЗОМ
Bo’g’imlardagi surunkali
yallig’lanish natijasida suyaklarda
destruksiya va eroziyalar
Uzoq davom
etgan
surunkali
Erta artrit – artrit
falangalararo bo’g’imlar natijasida
atrofidagi yumshoq deformasiya
to’qimalau shishi va ankiloz.
CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA (A.R.A)
TASHXIS MEZONLARI (ARA)
Morning stiffness 1. Oxirgi 6 xafta davomida 1 soat davom
Arthritis of 3 or etuvchi ertalabki karaxtlik
2. Oxirgi 6 xafta davomida 3 yoki undan
more joints
ortiq bo’g’imlarda shish
Arthritis of hand
3. Oxirgi 6 xafta va undan ko’p vaqt
joints davomida kaft-barmoq va proksimal
Symmetric arthritis falangalararo bo’g’imlarda shish
Radiographic 4. Bo’g’imlar jaroxatlanishining
simmetrikligi
changes 5. bo’g’imlarda tipik rentgenologik
Rheumatoid o’zgarishlar (eroziyalar, bo’g’im oldi
nodules osteoporozi)
Serum rheumatoid 6. Teri osti revmatoid tug’unchalari
7. Qon zardobida revmatoid omil
factor
aniqlanishi
A person shall be Bemorda 7
said to have mezondan 4 tasi
rheumatoid arthritis aniqlansa tashxis
if he or she has ishonchli
satisfied 4 of 7 hisoblanadi.
criteria, with criteria 1-4 mezonlar
1-4 present for at davomiyligi 6
least 6 weeks haftadan kam
bo’lmasligi kerak
DIFFERENSIAL TASHXIS
Psoriatik artrit
TQB da bo’g’im zararlanishi
Osteoartrozda Geberden tugunchalari
Jakku artriti
RAni DAVOLASH
RAni DAVOLASH Treatment
Kasallikni modifikasiyalovchi DMARDs (disease-
davo (Bazis davo): modifying anti-
1) AMINOXINOLIN UNUMLARI
- Delagil, Plakvenil
rheumatic drugs):
2) OLTIN PREPARATLARI methotrexate (gold
- Auronofin, Ridaura, Tauredon standart),
3) Д-penisilamin
- Kuprenil
leflunomide,
4) IMMUNODEPRESSANTLAR: sulfasalazine,
- Metotreksat (oltin standart) cyclosporine
- Leflunomid
Gold compounds
- Siklofoafamid
5) SULFANILAMIDLAR Tumor necrosis factor
-Sulfasalazin alpha (TNFα)
6) O’NO-α: ingibitorlari
- Remikeyd (Infliksimab) blockers
7) Monoklonal antitanalar Monoklonal
- Mabtera (Rituksimab) antibodies
I – gormonal davo: Hormonetherapy
- Prednisolon, Methypred Prednisolonum,
Kenalog, diprospan Methypredum
bo’g’im orasiga Kenalogum, diprospanum
II – YaQNP NSAIDs
SOG-2 Inhibitorlari
Inhibitors COH-2
Ketonal
Ketonal
Brufenum
Ortophenum Brufenum
III – Physiotherapiya Ortophenum
IV - Immobilizatsiya, Physiotherapy
orthopedic chora- Immobilization,
tadbirlar orthopedic adaptation
Jarroxlik usuli bilan Surgical treatment
davolash Synovectomy
Synovectomiya prosthetic repair
Bo’g’imni protezlash
artificial ankylosis
Artrodez Surgical operation on
Qo’ panjasida jarroxlik hand
muolajalari
Profilaktika va reabilitasiyasi
Surunkali infeksiya o’choqlari sanasiyasi,
mehnatni qoniqarli sharoitda to’g’ri tashkil
qilish, yashash sharoitini yaxshilash;
Kasallikni erta aniqlash, stasionar va
ambulator sharoitda adekvat davolash,
dispanserizasiya;
Proforientasiya, yosh bemorlarni bajara
olishi mumkin bo’lgan kasbga o’qitish;
Individual reabilitasiya dasturini tuzish va
bajarilishini nazorat qilish.