COMPARING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF

ACTIVATED CARBON FROM COCOS

NUCIFERA CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED
BY LEMON JUICE AND SODIUM
CHLORIDE FOR WATER PURIFICATION
Aparece, Lourdes Sofia M.
Reyes, Raphaela J.
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BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY OF THE STUDY OF THE STUDY

04 05
SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
LIMITATIONS
 WATER POLLUTION
is one of the global environmental challenges that affect the
availability of safe and clean water.

139,000 DEATHS ⅓ OF ILLNESSES

due to water contaminant- are invoked by exposure to
related diseases waterborne contaminants

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 INCREASING WATER DEMANDS AND
SWELLING CASES OF WATER POLLUTION

WATER TREATMENT PLANTS

Poses threats to the Not viable in less-developed

environment communities

High-priced operations
and maintenance
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 ACTIVATED CARBON
Expensive in terms of generation
Commercialized activated carbon derived from
precursors such as coal, petroleum, peat, and wood
are known to be costly and exhaustible
There are some chemical reagents that are
uncommon and leaves a trace of toxic to the
activated carbon
CHEMICALLY-ACTIVATED CARBON
FROM COCONUT PRECURSOR
Requires low energy and budget for generation
Sustainable and available for small scale use
Exploration on the use of more accessible and
common chemical activators such as sodium
chloride and lemon juice.
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 Compare the effectiveness of the two types of activated carbon from Cocos
nucifera chemically activated by lemon juice and sodium chloride for water
purification.

Determine the average pH levels, turbidity, Compare the average pH levels, turbidity
and coliform count of the water samples and coliform count of the water samples
before and after treatment using the before and after treatment using the
following: following:

a. Lemon-activated carbon a. Lemon-activated carbon

b. Salt-activated carbon b. Salt-activated carbon
c. Lemon-activated carbon and salt- c. Lemon-activated carbon and salt-
activated carbon activated carbon
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 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
STUDENTS
To spike the students' interest in exploring
more alternative solutions for water
purification and allow the idea of eco-
friendly solutions
RESEARCHERS
A guide and reference in conducting
novel studies to further delve into the
potential of this study’s utilized activators
HOUSEHOLDS
Introducing an inexpensive product for
water filtration reduces the expenses
spent on costly water filters.
COMMUNITIES
Provides less-developed communities
access to a sustainable and renewable
solution for water pollution, thus
preventing the overexploitation of
resources
03
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Lemon juice VS NaCl Precursor for activated carbon is Water samples will be taken
only limited to Cocos nucifera. within Sapangdaku River.

The treatments used in this Water parameters to be

study is limited to two with analysed limited to pH and
one control group. turbidity

04
Unequal concentration
of salt (5%) and acid in The Posttest Only Design may
lemon (5-8%) which render little evidence on sample
may cause a bias on the changes without a pretest as a
results baseline measure.

Small sample size

may cause a Type II
error on the results.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

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SAPANGDAKU RIVER, TOLEDO CITY, CEBU
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SAMPLING METHOD
● 18 samples will be collected
● Each sample must contain 500 ml
● Equally distributed among the two
treatment groups (experimental group)
and control group.
 CARBONIZATION OF COCONUT
HUSKS AND SHELLS

Coconut husks and shells Both will be subjected to a 600 g of pulverized

shall be separated, washed, temperature of 400°C for carbon will be allotted
and sundried for 48 hours hours to yield charcoal and for the lemon extract
to remove moisture and cut shall be pulverized until activation, and 600 g for
into small pieces. 1200g is acquired. the salt activation.

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 ACTIVATION OF CARBON

LEMON JUICE EXTRACT SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION

600g powdered coal will be saturated into a 300 ml 15g of sodium chloride will be dissolved in 300 ml
lemon juice extract for chemical activation. water to form a 5% salt concentration solution.

The carbon and lemon juice mixture must be agitated 600g of inactivated carbon will be mixed with the
until a consistent slurry mixture is formed. solution until a paste-like texture of the mixture is
obtained.
the carbon and salt mixture must be maintained at a
Mixture must be maintained at a temperature of 100°C
temperature of 100°C for six hours.
for six hours.
The activated carbon product will be divided equally
the activated carbon will be distributed equally into six
into six samples of equal masses in separate bowls.
samples of equal masses in different bowls.

Each bowl of carbon and lemon juice mixture shall be Each bowl of the salt-activated carbon shall be in
assigned for the filtration of a half-liter water sample. charge of filtering a half liter of water.
 ASSEMBLY OF THE
STRUCTURE OF ACTIVATED
CARBON FILTER
● The other end adjacent to the mouth shall be
cut open for the water specimens' entryway
during the filtration process.
● Cotton will be used as a pre-filter to eliminate
large soil particles that might clog the activated
carbon.
● Thinner cotton will be installed near the plastic
bottle's mouth to prevent the discharge of
activated carbon.
EXECUTION OF THE WATER TREATMENT
USING ACTIVATED CARBON
 WATER ANALYSIS

WATER pH TURBIDITY

pH testing for the water specimens will be

conducted post-treatment of the activated carbon This study shall use a turbidity meter to quantize
along with the specimens that belong to the the turbidity of the water samples.
control group.

A pH meter shall be used to quantize the measure

of pH in the water.

The glass pH probe in the pH meter will be

submerged in the water.
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T-TEST
● Comparison of the average pH levels and
turbidites between the two groups of water
samples treated with two types of activated
carbon
● Determine if there is a significant difference in
the mean pH levels and turbidites between
water samples in the control group and in the
lemon-activated carbon treatment group, as
well as in the salt-activated carbon treatment
group and control group

P-VALUE STATISTICAL
The p-value results in the three conducted
ANALYSIS
Independent T-Test shall be compared to a 5%
significance level.
Assigned Tasks for APARECE
Assigned Tasks for REYES
RESOURCE PLAN
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