This document outlines the TNM classification system for staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It describes the criteria for classifying the primary tumor (T) from T1 to T4 based on extent of spread. It also covers classification of regional lymph node involvement (N) from N0 to N3 based on location and size of metastases. Finally, it addresses distant metastasis (M) as M0 for no metastasis or M1 for presence of metastasis, and provides the stage groupings combining T, N, and M classifications.
This document outlines the TNM classification system for staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It describes the criteria for classifying the primary tumor (T) from T1 to T4 based on extent of spread. It also covers classification of regional lymph node involvement (N) from N0 to N3 based on location and size of metastases. Finally, it addresses distant metastasis (M) as M0 for no metastasis or M1 for presence of metastasis, and provides the stage groupings combining T, N, and M classifications.
This document outlines the TNM classification system for staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It describes the criteria for classifying the primary tumor (T) from T1 to T4 based on extent of spread. It also covers classification of regional lymph node involvement (N) from N0 to N3 based on location and size of metastases. Finally, it addresses distant metastasis (M) as M0 for no metastasis or M1 for presence of metastasis, and provides the stage groupings combining T, N, and M classifications.
BY VASU GAUR 1802001142 T.N.M. STAGING PRIMARY TUMOR
T1- Tumor is confined to nasopharynx
T2- extend to oropharynx and/or to nasal cavity a) T2a - without parapharyngeal extension b) T2b – with parapharyngeal extension T3- Invasion of bony structure or paranasal sinus T4- Tumor with intracranial extension or involvement of cranial nerve, infratemporal fossa, hypopharynx or orbit. REGIONAL LYMPH NODE Nx – Regional lymph node cannot be assessed N0 - No regional lymph node metastasis N1 – Unilateral metastasis in lymph node i.e, 6cm or less than 6cm in greatest dimension above supraclavicular fossa N2 – Bilateral metastasis in lymph node 6cm or less than 6cm in greatest dimension above supraclavicular fossa N3 – Metastasis in lymph node N3a – Greater than 6 cm in dimension N3b – In supraclavicular fossa DISTANCE METASTASIS Mx – Distant metastasis cannot be assessed M0 – No distant metastasis M1 – Distant metastasis Stage Grouping