CIRCLE

F
CIRCLE – is the set of all points that are
of the same distance from the given point
in a plane. B
RADIUS – The segment from the center
to any point on the circle. (plural radii)
Chord – it is a segment whose endpoints D
are at any two points of the circle.
Diameter – it is a chord that passes A
through the center of the circle.
Interior of the circle – the set of points in
the plane of a circle whose distance from H
the center are less than the length of the
radius. C
Exterior of the circle – the set of points in
the plane of a circle whose distance from
the center is greater than the length of the
radius.
I
G
Radii:
Chord:
Diameter:
Interior of the circle:
Exterior of the circle:
Theorem 104
If a radius is perpendicular to a chord, then it bisects the chord.

Statement Reason

Circle C with radius ⊥ Given

Draw radii Two points determine exactly one line

Radii of a circle are congruent

Reflexive Property

CDA are right angles Definition of perpendicular

Definition of Right Triangles

Hypotenuse-Leg Theorem

CPCTC

Definition of Bisector
 EXAMPLE 1: ⊥DE =

DE = BE
E 3x + 6 = 2x + 8
3x – 2x = 8 - 6
x=2

DE = 3(2) + 6 = 12
BE = 2(2) + 8 = 12
BD = 24
 EXAMPLE 1: If AE = 7 and CE = 3. Find CA, DE, BE

E
Theorem 105
If a radius of a circle bisects a chord that is not a diameter, then it is perpendicular to the chord.
Theorem 106 Click icon to add picture
The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the center of the circle.
Statement Reason

Given

Definition of Perpendicular
⊥ Bisector

Definition of midpoint

Two points determine exactly

Draw radii one line

Radii of a circle are congruent

Definition of Congruent
Segment

A point equidistant from the

endpoint of a segment lies on
the perpendicular bisector of
the segment.
 When will you say that two or more circles are congruent
circles?

 What do you call the circles that has the same center?

 When will you say that circles are concentric circles?

 Click icon to add picture

DEFINITION OF
CONGRUENT CIRCLES 

Congruent circles are circles that

have congruent radii.
 Click icon to add picture

DEFINITION OF
CONCENTRIC CIRCLES

Concentric circles are

coplanar circles having the
same center
Theorem 107 Click icon to add picture
If chords of a circle or of congruent circles are equidistant from the center(s), then the chords are congruent.
Statement Reason

Circles C Circle A; CG = AH;

Given
and Given: Circles C Circle A; CG = AH; and
Prove:
CGF, , , , are right angles Definition of perpendicular

Draw radii , Two points determine exactly

one line.
Radii of congruent circles are
congruent

are right triangles. Definition of Right Triangles

CPCTC

FG = EH and DG = BH Definition of Congruent

segments
FG + GD = EH + BH Addition property of equality

FD = EB Definition of betweeness

Definition of Congruent segment

Theorem 108
If chords of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent, then they are equidistant from
the centers of the circles.
 Given:
Find:
a. FD
b. Radius of circle O
 1. If BE = 16 cm, what is CE?
EXERCISES
2. If AB = 8 cm, what is AD?
3. If AB = 5 cm and AE = 3 cm,
what is CE
4. If DE = 6 and AC = 14, what
E
is BE?
5. If m ACE = 30 and AB =
6cm, what is CE?
6. If m ABE = 60 and AB =
10cm, what is BE?
 1. If CD = 16 cm and AB = 12cm, find AF

2. If m B = 30 and AB = 15cm, what

is CD?

F
If radius AD is perpendicular to chord
CB at E, CE= 2x + 3 and BE = 2(x –
5) find CE, BE, and CB.

If radius AD is perpendicular to chord E

CB at E, CB = 12cm and AB = 6, find

the distance of chord CB from the
center.
 1. If BC = 16 cm, what is CE?
EXERCISES
2. If AB = 8 cm and AE = 6, what is
ED?3. If AB = 5 cm and AE = 3 cm,
what is CE
4. If DE = 6 and AC = 14, what
E
is BE?
5. If m ACE = 30 and AB =
6cm, what is CE?
6. If m ABE = 60 and AB =
10cm, what is BE?
CHORDS, ARCS, CENTRAL ANGLES, and
INSCRIBED ANGLES
DEFINITION of PARTS of a CIRCLE
 

 Arc
- It is a part of a circle.
 Central Circle
- It is an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle
 Minor Arc
- it is less than the semicircle.
 Major Arc
- it is more than the semicircle
 Semicircle
- It is the union of the endpoints of a diameter and all points of the circle that lie on
one side of the diameter
Minor Arc: the minor arc is the union of
point H and point I and all the points of
the circle G in the interior of central
 
Major Arc: the major arc , it is the union
of points H and I and all the points of the
circle G in the exterior of central
 
1.Central Angle
2.Minor Arc
3.Major Arc
4.Semicircle
 Degree Measure of a Minor Arc
- It is equal to the degree measure of
its central angle
 Degree Measure of a Major Arc
- It is equal to 360 minus the degree
measure of its related minor arc
 Degree Measure of a Semicircle
- It is equal to 180 degrees
Postulate 20. Arc Addition Postulate
 The Measure of an arc formed by two adjacent, non-overlapping arcs is the
sum of the measures of the two arcs.

Given circle I
Find:
= _____
= _____
m = _____
LKJ = ______
 
 
65

50
CD is a diameter of the circle A

2x - 6

5x - 10
4x - 12
Definition of Congruent Arcs
 
In the same circle or in congruent circles, arcs that have the same measure
are congruent arcs.
Theorem 109.
If two minor arcs of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent, then the corresponding
chords are congruent.
Theorem 110.
If two chords of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent, then the corresponding minor
arcs are congruent.
Theorem 111.
If two central angles of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent. Then the corresponding
minor arcs are congruent.
Theorem 112.
If the minor arcs of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent. Then the corresponding
central angles are congruent.
Theorem 113.
If two central angles of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent, then the corresponding
chords are congruent.
Theorem 114.
If two chords of a circle or of congruent circles are congruent, then the corresponding central
angles are congruent,
 In circle F, the measure of FGH is =
I 48, Find the measure of major arc
HIG.
 • THEOREM 115:

The measure of inscribed angle is equal to

½ of its intercepted arc.

INSCRIBED ANGLE

Is an angle whose vertex lies on the

circle and whose sides contain
chords of the circle.
CASE 1:
CASE 2:
 CASE 3:

E
1. If CAB = 105. what is

2. If = 3x – 40 and = 2x – 10, what

is x?
 Circle E, IF and GH are
diameters.
1.Find
2x 2.
x x 3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
3. If = 3x + 10 = 2x – 30,
what is ?

4. If = 3(x – 5) = x + 25,
what is ?

5. If = 1/2(x – 10)= 1/3x

+ 5, what is ?