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  • Unit II - Planning and Organizing

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    The document discusses the nature and importance of planning. It defines planning as deciding in advance what is to be done by selecting objectives, policies, procedures, and programs from alternatives. Planning is an intellectual, continuous, forward-looking process that is goal-oriented, pervasive, and involves choice. Effective planning focuses attention on objectives, reduces uncertainty, provides direction, encourages creativity, guides decision-making, and facilitates efficiency and control. The steps in planning include analyzing the environment, establishing objectives, determining premises, developing alternatives, evaluating options, and selecting and implementing the best course of action.

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    The document discusses the nature and importance of planning. It defines planning as deciding in advance what is to be done by selecting objectives, policies, procedures, and programs from alternatives. Planning is an intellectual, continuous, forward-looking process that is goal-oriented, pervasive, and involves choice. Effective planning focuses attention on objectives, reduces uncertainty, provides direction, encourages creativity, guides decision-making, and facilitates efficiency and control. The steps in planning include analyzing the environment, establishing objectives, determining premises, developing alternatives, evaluating options, and selecting and implementing the best course of action.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    8 views8 pages

    Unit II - Planning and Organizing

    Uploaded by

    Sharen
    The document discusses the nature and importance of planning. It defines planning as deciding in advance what is to be done by selecting objectives, policies, procedures, and programs from alternatives. Planning is an intellectual, continuous, forward-looking process that is goal-oriented, pervasive, and involves choice. Effective planning focuses attention on objectives, reduces uncertainty, provides direction, encourages creativity, guides decision-making, and facilitates efficiency and control. The steps in planning include analyzing the environment, establishing objectives, determining premises, developing alternatives, evaluating options, and selecting and implementing the best course of action.

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    of 8

    PLANNING

    “ Planning is deciding in advance


    what is to be done. It involves the
    selection of objectives, policies,
    procedures and programmes from
    among alternatives”
    ➔ Planning is Goal Oriented
    ➔ Planning is a primary function
    Nature of ➔ Planning is all pervasive
    ➔ Planning is a intellectual process
    Planning ➔ Planning is a continuous process
    ➔ Planning is a forward looking
    ➔ Planning involves choice
    ➔ Planning is integrated process
    ➔ Planning is directed towards efficiency
    Importance ★ Focuses attention on Objectives
    and results
    ★ Reduces uncertainty and risk
    ★ Provides sense of direction
    ★ Encourages innovation and
    creativity
    ★ Helps in coordination
    ★ Guides decision making
    ★ Provides a basis for
    decentralization
    ★ Provides efficiency in operations
    ★ Facilitates Control
    How to Plan Effectively?

    ★ Develop accurate forecasts


    ★ Gaining acceptance from
    responsible ones
    ★ The plan must be sound one
    ★ Be objective
    ★ Set up monitoring system
    ★ Review and revise plans at
    regular intervals
    ★ Fit the plan in situation
    Steps in Planning

    ↳ Analysing the
    Environment
    ↳ Establishing Objectives
    ↳ Determining Planning
    Premises
    ↳ Developing alternative
    Course of Action
    ↳ Evaluating Alternatives
    ↳ Selecting Best Course
    ↳ Formulating Derivative
    Plans
    Types of Planning

    Medium - Short -
    Long - Term Strategic
    Term Operational
    Planning Term Planning
    Planning Planning
    Planning
    Methods of Plans
    ■ Multi - Use Plans ■ Single - Use Plans

    - Objectives
    - Programmes
    - Strategies
    - Budgets
    - Policies
    - Schedules
    - Procedures
    - Projects
    - Rules
    - Methods

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