Components of the state and

The separation of Powers

Lesson4
 The origin of law in Algeria dates back to the founding of the French colonies. Although
statutory law already existed long before the French invasion in 1830 in addition to the
Islamic law which was the primary source of personal status law, the French statutory law
was the applied in the Algerian colony.
The state

 what constitutes a state is:

 Territory: delimited with specific frontiers.
 Population: people living together as a society in a country. In other
words, groups of individuals of both sexes who live together as a
community.
 The government: political authorities capable of controlling over the
territory and conducting international relations with other states.
 Sovereignty: power to govern, independent country which governs itself.
 
The separation of powers

 it is a model for the governance of a state. It was first developed in ancient Greece. Under
this model, the state is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers
and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the
powers associated with the other branches.
 The typical division of branches is that of : a legislature, an executive and a judiciary.
 separation of powers
legislative power:
responsible for enacting
civil and criminal
legislation.
judicial power: responsible for deciding
executive power: responsible for the upon civil and criminal cases
.implementation of laws

the president
the prime court of first court of supreme
parliamant of the government
minister resort appeal court
republic

the national
council of the popular
nation (the assembly
senates) house of(
)commons