Second Quarterly Presentation
Well Control Equipment
Name of Nominee Organization/ Unit: Rig S4,
Drilling Services, FHQ, OIL INDIA LTD.
Presented by
Ashutosh Singh
Senior Officer on Probation
Drilling Department
Table of Content
Impact of Well control incident & Key
elements of Well integrity
Well control basics
Causes of Kicks , Warning Signs & indicators
Well control equipment
W ELL C O N T R O L I N C I D E N TS
Major Negative impacts of a Well Control/Blowout Incident
• Injury/Fatality – Life and Limb
Employment
Psychological
• Loss of Capital
Equipment damaged/lost
Reservoir damage
• Over-regulation
• Environment impact
• Company Reputation
• Response by Society
Forced Suspension of Drilling
Banned areas
KEY ELEMENTS OF WELL
CONTROL
Equipment Process People
Inspection *Well Design * Training
maintenance *SOPs & Drills
*Competency
Certification *Risk analysis &
Management *Certification
WE LL C O N TR O L
BASICS
Mud Hydrostatic must be sufficient to keep the
formation fluid in the formation and not allow any into
the wellbore
Different terms to describe the relationship between
hydrostatic and formation pressure
WE LL C O N TR O L
BA S I C S
What will happen if primary well control
is lost
-A Kick
- The drill string becoming stuck
because formation squeezes into the
well bore
What is Kick?
Any unwanted influx of formation
fluid(oil,gas or water ) in borehole
is known as a kick
An uncontrolled kick at the surface
is called a BLOWOUT
C A U SE S O F K I C K
In order to for a kick to take place, well must
become underbalance in following two
conditions
Mud hydrostatic DECREASES
or
Formation pressure INCREASES i.e abnormal
formation pressure zone
What causes Mud hydrostatic to drop?
Pressure = Mud Wt X Constant X TVD
Reduce Mud Weight Reduce length of mud
? column
? ?
? ?
R ED U C TI O N O F M U D W EI G H T
1. Accidental dilution
A valve is left open , water diluting the system
2. Barite Settling
If the barite settles during the periods of no
circulation the mud weight will fall
3. Gas Cutting
Small amount of gas entering the well bore
will cause reduction of mud weight
For these reason ,weights are generally monitored both in and out of the well
on regular basis
C A U S ES O F K I C K S - R E D U C TI O N
OF MUD COLUMN
Surge pressure & Swab pressure:
Movement of pipe in hole changes BHP of Well.
Tripping in hole creates Surge pressure and BHP increase
BHP=Hydrostatic Pressure + Surge Pressure
Tripping out of Hole Creates Swab Pressure and BHP decreases
BHP=Hydrostatic Pressure - Swab Pressure
K IC K O C C U R R EN C E : T R I PP I N G
Surge and Swab effects are function of ---
Pipe Speed
Mud properties such as viscosity, gel strength
Annular clearance
BHA length ,size
It is Critical to use the “TRIP SHEET” to detect any swab
or surge. By checking if the hole takes right amount of
mud due to metal displacement During Dry pull out
and Metal plus Pipe capacity during Wet pull out
K IC K IN D I C ATO R S A N D F I R S T
Flow rate increase : A C TI O N
Pit volume increase
Flowing well with pumps off
Improper hole fill-up on trips
First Actions:
• Flow check for 15 minutes
• If well continues to flow ,shut the well in
• Record shut in pressures on DPs and casing
• Record total pit gain
WE LL C O N TR O L EQ U I PM EN T
BOP Stack
BOP CU
Choke manifold , Kill
manifold
Auxiliary Equipment
Auxiliary equipment
Mud Gas Separator
