Digestion,

Absorption
, and
Transport
of Proteins
PROTEIN DIGESTION
Protein digestion begins
in the stomach.
Pepsin is a protein-digesting
enzyme made in the
stomach that breaks down
proteins in food during
digestion.

Pepsin breaks the bond

that hold the protein
molecule together called
peptide bond.
In the very first part of the small
intestine called duodenum, is the site
where protein digestion and absorption
takes place.

Pancreatic enzyme has trypsin,

chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase
really go to work to breakdown the
polypeptides.

Those three enzymes enter the

duodenum via pancreatic duct.
Trypsinogen Trypsin - Hydrolysis peptide bond
Chymotrypsinogen Chymotrypsin – Hydrolysis peptide bond
Procarboxypeptidase Carboxypeptidase – Hydrolysis peptide
bond (carboxyl end)

These are the enzyme precursor that was secreted by the pancreas. The
enzyme precursor are activated by the special enzyme found on the
surface of intestine called enterokinase.
 Why is trypsin enzyme important?
 The presence of trypsin will automatically stimulate the
conversion of more trypsinogen to make more trypsin enzyme
during protein digestion.
 Trypsin help the conversion of chymotrypsinogen to
chymotrypsin.
 Trypsin also helps stimulate the conversion of
Procarboxypeptidase to carboxypeptidase.
The pancreatic enzymes are helped by the
brush border enzymes.

Brush border enzymes are special enzymes

found on the microvilli of the small
intestine that complete digestion.

Brush border enzymes: Dipeptidase which

hydrolysis dipeptides (dipeptides are just
two amino acids linked together) and
amino peptidase which hydrolysis peptide
bond (amino end).
 PROTEIN
ABSORPTION
 The process of absorption of proteins takes place in
the small intestine.

For example. The small peptides or tripeptides can be

absorbed through cotransporter with hydrogen. Once inside
the cell the tripeptide can be hydrolyze by cells-own peptides
which will breaking down the small peptides to amino acids.
After that, the amino acids will diffuse and go down to the
blood stream which will be carried to the liver.
 PROTEIN
TRANSPORT
Digestive nutrients leave the digestive tract and will take a detour
to the liver.

Hepatic Portal System is the system of veins that are responsible

for directing blood from the digestive tract to the liver.

Hepatic Portal Vein- is a vein that transports blood from the

digestive tract to the liver.
THAT’S ALL
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