Technology and Energy Management

Meaning
Technology and sensitive sector of business
Technology and business
Technology and National power
Component of Technological Environment
1. Stage/ level
• Manual
• Semi-mechanized technology
• Automated technology
• Computer based technology
• Robotized technology
• Digital technology
2. Pace of technology
3. Technology transfer
4. Budget on research and development
 Technology and Energy Management
Impact of technology in Nepalese business
A-Positive
Quality
Value of customers
Innovation
Profit
Competitive advantages
B-Adverse effect
Rapid changes
Capital investment
Human resources problem
More attention on changing scenario
 Current status of technology

Traditional Modern
Technology technology
Agencies involved in technology development in Nepal
 Technology Transfer Issue
Address first
Need assessment
Characteristics and types
Timing
Communication channel
Government policy
Social issues
Economic issue
Education training issue
Focused group /beneficiary party
Adoption power and infrastructure Level
 Problem for Technology Transfer
1. Limited study and understanding(Lauda air)
2. No systematic planning on T.T.
3. No bilateral agreement on T.T. (indo-japan)
4. No integrated policy on Science, economics and commerce
5. Poor need assessment (Metro rail)
6. Lack of core analysis on suitable technology(research on soya bean)
7. Poor environmental analysis
8. Lack of national consensus
9. Ethical problem
Problem on science and Technology Development
10.Low priority on technology development
11.Lack of confidence on technology development
12.No involvement on research and development
13.Lack of research center
14.Manpower problem
 Natural Environment in Nepal
Himalaya and Mountain
Forest
Benefit, objective of preservation, programme, eco-
system, animals, birds, etc.
Water: Glacier , lakes, ponds, rivers
Benefit
Drinking , irrigation, hydro, climate maintain,
ecosystem,
Mineral: mining and its uses
 Natural Environmental and Pollution Issues
1. Migration and pollution
2. Industry and pollution
3. Household and pollution
4. Fertilizer, Pesticide and pollution
5. Energy and pollution
6. Transport and pollution
7. Mining and pollution
 Science and technology policy
A Short History of Science
• Modern science entered into the kingdom with the
introduction of Intermediate science education in Tri-
Chandra college in 1919

Since /Institutions / Policy /

• Bachelor of Science: Tri-Chandra College, 1948
• Master of Science: Tribhuvan University, 1965
• Institutes of Medicine, Engineering, Forestry, Agriculture,
Tribhuvan University, 1973
• The Sixth Five Year Plan (1980-1985) link S/T activities with
economic development
 Science and technology policy
• National Council of Science and Technology (NCST), 1976 (now
dismantled)
• Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST),
1977
• Royal Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (RONAST), 1982
• Ministry of Science and Technology, 1995
Educational Sectors
• Kathmandu University
• Purbanchal University
• Pokhara University
• B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Science
• National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital Government
Sectors Government Sectors
 Science and technology policy
Policy
• Proper resource utilization and development
• Technology transfer
• Quality manpower development and
• Promotion, extension and participation in S/T development
• Objectives
• To enhance national capability by developing and utilizing
knowledge, skill and competence in the field of Science and
Technology
• To contribute in the reduction of poverty by improving economic and
social condition of the people at large through sustainable use of
natural resources and means and conservation of the environment
• To take the nation in competitive advantage by utmost development
of Science and Technology
 Science and technology policy
It focuses on:
• Infrastructure development
• Human resource development
• R&D
Vision:
To build the country as a developed, To build the country
as a developed, dynamic and prosperous state by
dynamic and prosperous state by raising the living
standards through raising the living standards through
the appropriate development and use the appropriate
development and use of science and technology
 Science and technology policy
Strategies
Mobilization of available resources
Stakeholder participation
University encouragement
Integration with all stakeholder
 Science and technology policy
• Strategy
• Regulation
• E-commerce
• It industries
• It and government assistantship
• Skilled manpower through public and private sector
• Easy and affordable IT education
• IT network in rural areas
• Export of IT product
Information and Technology policy
Vision:
• To transform Nepal into an information and knowledge--
based society and economy based society and economy
Mission:
• To create conditions for the intensified development and
growth of ICT sector as a key driver of ICT sector as a key
driver for Nepal's sustainable development and poverty
reduction strategies. Nepal's sustainable development and
poverty reduction strategies.
• Objective: To empower and facilitate Nepal’s participation in
the Global Knowledge Society.
 Information and Technology policy
Strategies
• Human Resources
• ICT in education, research and developmmentent
• Access, media and content
• ICT Industry
• ICT for government service innovation and good governance
• ICT in SMEs & e--Commerce (and Commerce (and ffacilitating eacilitating e--
payments)payments)
• Telecommunications infrastructurenications infrastructure
• Convergence of Telecommunications, ICTs and Broadcasting
• ICT in agriculture
• 12.10 ICT in healthICT in health
• 12.11 ICT in tourism, ICT in tourism,
• 12.12 Telecommunications/ICTs in mitigating the impact of Climate
ChangeTelecommunications/ICTs in mitigating the impact of Climate Change
• 12.13 ICT in environment & nICT in environment & natural resourcesatural
resources
 Information and Technology policy
• 12.14 Telecommunications/ICTs for natural disaster preparedness,
Telecommunications/ICTs for natural disaster preparedness, mitigation and
relief
• 12.15 Human Human eexposure xposure to electromagneticto
electromagnetic fields and safe disposal fields and safe disposal
• of electronic waste
• 12.16 Conformance,Conformance, InteroperabilityInteroperability and
Standards in and Standards in
• Telecommunications/ICTsnications/ICTs
• 12.17 Cloud Cloud ccomputing omputing
• 12.18 Access to Telecommunications/ICTs for rural and remote areasAccess to
Telecommunications/ICTs for rural and remote areas
• 12.19 Access to Telecommunications/Access to Telecommunications/ICT
services for persons with ICT services for persons with
• disabilities and specific needsspecific needs
• 12.20 ICTs for Youth, women and girlsICTs for Youth, women and girls
• Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICTsConfidence and Security in
the use of ICTs
 Information and Technology policy

Policy
• Human Resources
• ICT in education, research and developmmentent
• Access, media and content developmentmedia and content
development
• ICT Industry
• ICT for Government service innovation and good governance
• SMEs & e--Commerce Commerce
• Telecommunications infrastructure
• Convergence of Telecommunications, ICTs and Broadcasting
• ICT in agriculture
• ICT in Health
• ICT in tourism,
• Telecommunications/ICTs in mitigating the impact of Climate Change
 Information and Technology policy

• ICT in environment & natural resources

• Telecommunications/ICTs for natural disaster preparedness,
• mitigation
• and relief
• Human Exposure to electromagneticto electromagnetic fields andfields and
• safe disposal of electronic waste
• Conformance, Interoperability and Standards
• in Telecommunications/ICTs
• Cloud Computing
• Access to Telecommunications/ICTs for rural and remote areas
• Access to Telecommunications/ICTs services for personsICTs services for
persons
• with disabilities and specific needs
• ICTs for Youth, women and girls
• Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICTs
 Information and Technology policy
Objective
• Accessible to all
• Knowledge based society
• Establish knowledge based industries
• Affordable IT service
• Cost effective approach
• Private public partnership in promotion and development
• Institutional capacity development
• Development of indigenous technology
Strategy
• Government as a promotor
• Short medium and long term IT plan
• High priority in IT sector
• Increase digital literacy
• FDI and domestic investment promotion
• E-commerce promotion
• E-governance
• IT in rural development
 Information and Technology policy
Policy
• Decleration of priority sector
• Investment in research anf development
• Easy internet facility gradually
• IT in education sector
• National information technology center establish
• Venture with private and public sector
• Access on global market
 Energy Management in Nepal
• Energy , Economy and Power
Largest oil reserves
• Venezuela – 300 billion barrels
• Saudi Arabia – 269 billion barrels
• Canada – 171 billion barrels
• Iran – 158 billion barrels
• Iraq – 143 billion barrels
• Kuwait – 104 billion barrels
• Russia – 80 billion barrels
• United Arab Emirates – 98 billion barrels
• Libya – 48 billion barrels
• Nigeria – 37 billion barrels
 Energy Management in Nepal
• Energy consumption per day 000 of baller per day
• United States
• 8,682.002
• China1,908.003
• Japan978.004
• Russian819.005
• Canada791.006
• Mexico777.007
• Indonesia530.008
• Brazil530.009
• Saudi Arabia482.0010
• Germany427.0011
• India368.0012
• Iran, Islamic Republic Of352.0013
• Australia344.0014
• United Kingdom320.0015
• Venezuela271.0016
• Italy216.0017
• South Africa198.0018
• Malaysia196.0019
• Korea, Republic Of189.0020
• France180.0021
• Nigeria179.0
• Nepal2.70
 Energy Management in Nepal
Domestic Resources
• Fire wood
• Biogas
• Electricity
• others
Imported resources
• Oil
• Gas
• Coal
• electricity 
Energy management issues
• Forest dominancy
• High dependency of petroleum product
• Ideal renewable energy
• Poor access to rural people
• Expensive energy
• No systemic distribution
• Quality issues
• Monitoring issues
• Uncertainty
Energy Management in Nepal
Energy Management in Nepal
Energy Management in Nepal
Energy Management in Nepal
Energy Management in Nepal