HISTORY OF THE

CHURCH
Term 3. Ch. 11 & handout.
AGENDA
01 Quiz

02 Review
The Roman Empire:
03 Separation & Fall
04 Invasions

05 Monasticism
QUIZ

¼ sheet of paper
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. Who is the emperor who granted religious freedom to the Christians of
the Roman Empire?
2. The word that refers to a denial of a basic doctrine of the faith.
3. The heresy that stated that Jesus Christ is not equal to God the Father.
4. Which Creed states that Jesus Christ is equal and consubstantial to God
the Father?
5. True or false: Nestorianism is the heresy that went against Mary as the
Mother of God. According to this heresy, Mary was just the mother of
the human person of Jesus Christ, not the divine one.

4
REVIEW

of the last class

Council Year Heresy  Correct 

Arianism: Christ was not Christ is equal and consubstantial

First of  Nicea 325
equal to the Father. to the Father.

Apolinarism: Christ’s In the Incarnation, God the Son

First of
381 human soul was replaced became through man with a
Constantinople
by the Divine nature. human body and human soul.

Nestorianism: God the Son, assumed human

Our Lord Jesus Christ was flesh from in the womb of the
Ephesus 431 an ordinary human person Blessed Virgin Mary. From the
later joined to the divine very moment of conception, He
person of God’s son. was True God and True Man.

6
 Christ has two natures which are
Monophytism:
divine and human but is only one
Chalcedon 451 Christ only had a divine
person. The two natures are united
nature.
through the Hypostatic Union.

Second Nestorianism and

553
Constantinople Monophytism

Christ had a human will which

Third Monothelitism:
680 perfectly followed and conformed to
Constantinople Christ just had one will
the divine will.
The use of icons and images is not
idolatry. These simply represent
Iconclasm: Christ. Just as God became flesh
Second Nicea 787 Christ can’t be represented through the Incarnation to be with
by icons us, we reach God and spiritual
realities through the senses or
images.

7
THE ROMAN EMPIRE
SEPARATION & FALL

History of the Church

 SEPARATION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
o Done by Diocletian (284-305 AD)
o Last emperor to persecute Christians (Constantine became emperor
in 307 AD)
o Towards the end of the 4th century
o Deep effects on the life of the Church
o Western part: Latin in culture and language
o One Apostolic see: Rome
o Eastern part: Greek, Syrian & Coptic in culture
o Apostolic sees: Alexandria, Antioch, Jerisalem
o Special pre-eminence of Constantinople
9
10
11
 EFFECTS OF THE SEPARATION
oPower shift to east
oDeterioration and
defenselessness of
the West

12
 FALL OF ROME

o476 AD
oDue to various tribes: Slavs, Scandanavians, Magyars,
Vikings, etc.
oBarbarians: warlike, uncivilized tribes living in northern
Europe outside the boundaries of the Roman empire
oGermanic: they speak the Germanic languages
oNew opportunities of evangelization (Clovis of the Franks)
oNot an easy task

13
ROMULUS AUGUSTULUS (465-511)

14
ROMULUS AUGUSTULUS ABDICATES TO ODOACER

15
16
17
18
 REASONS FOR THE FALL OF ROME
(WESTERN EMPIRE)
1.Loss of the citizens’
confidence and loyalty
2.Deterioration of the army
3.Population decline
4.Economic failure
5.Decline of Roman cities

19
INVASIONS

History of the Church

 RISE OF ISLAM

oStarted in Arabia by Mohammed (ca. 570-632)

oAfterwards: a wave of warfare and conquest by
the Muslims that led to a vast empire (e.g. North
Africa, Iberian Peninsula)
oScourge on Europe for around 3 years

21
MONASTICISM

History of the Church

 MONASTICISM
oReligious who live a life of the evangelical counsels
oFrom the word “monachos” which means alone
(“MONK”)
oSt. Benedict: "Father of Western Monasticism".
Founder of the Benedictine order
oOra et Labora (Divine Office, Mass; manual and
intellectual work)
oCenters of culture (art, literature, crafts, architecture,
culinary) and mission in dark times
23
HISTORY OF THE
CHURCH
Term 3. Ch. 11 & handout.
AGENDA

oReview
oThe Papacy and Temporal
Power
oThe Great Schism of the East
o11th to 13th Centuries
oCrisis in the Papacy & the
Empire
REVIEW

History of the Church

 THE PAPACY AND
TEMPORAL POWER
History of the Church
 THE PAPACY AND TEMPORAL POWER
oEnd of 8th century: establishment of the Papal States
oExisted since end of the 6th century to fill power
vacuum
oLimited temporal power = guarantee of independence
from political powers
o800: reestablishment of western empire (Holy Roman
Empire) with crowning of _________
oSacralization of political power

34
 THE PAPACY AND TEMPORAL POWER
oNoble families interfere in papal elections
oKings & feudal lords claim authority to appoint
ecclesiastical posts
o"Investiture Controversy"
oCorruption of the clergy (ca. 850-1000 AD)
oEcclesiastical hierarchy will recover more freedom
from political powers later on
35
 THE GREAT
SCHISM OF THE
EAST
History of the Church
 THE GREAT SCHISM OF THE EAST
o1054: Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of Constantinople,
brings about formal & final separation of Greeks from
the Catholic Church
oFinal stage of a history of disputes and ruptures from the
5th century, due in large part to grave interferences by
Eastern Roman emperors in the life of the Church
(________)
oLasts until today

37
11 TO 13
TH TH

CENTURIES
History of the Church
 11TH TO 13TH CENTURIES
oBeginning of 11th century: Italy maritime republics regain
control of the Mediterranean from the Muslims
oEnd of 11th century: growth of military power in Christian
countries with the Crusades to the Holy Land
o12th-13th centuries: Peak of medieval civilization
oGreat theological and philosophical works: St. Albert the
Great, St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Bonaventure, Blessed Duns
Scotus
oAppearance of the ______ orders, especially the
Franciscans and Dominicans
39
CRISIS IN THE PAPACY
AND THE EMPIRE

History of the Church

 CRISIS IN THE PAPACY AND THE EMPIRE
oConfrontation between papacy and empire continues
oEmpire dwindles to a single Germanic state; papacy suffers a
severe crisis
o1305: papal residence transferred from Rome to Avignon
(southern France)
oThe Great Schism of the West
o2 Popes (3 at one point)
oUnity finally restored with the election of new Pope at the
Council of Constance (1415-1418)
o1453: ____________ conquer Constantinople
41
AGENDA
oThe Papacy and Temporal
Power
oThe Great Schism of the
East
o11th to 13th Centuries
oCrisis in the Papacy & the
Empire
HISTORY OF THE
CHURCH
Term 3. Ch. 11 & handout.
INTRODUCTION

At Contoso, we empower organizations to foster

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Presentation title 44 20XX

 QUARTERLY PERFORMANCE

6.0

5.0
5.0
4.4 4.5
4.3
4.0
3.5
3.0
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2.4 2.5
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1.0

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Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

Presentation title 45 20XX

 AREAS OF GROWTH

B2B Supply chain ROI E-commerce

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Q3 2.1 1.7 2.5 2.8

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Presentation title 46 20XX

“BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ARE
LIKE BUSES. THERE’S ALWAYS
ANOTHER ONE COMING. ”

Richard Branson
 MEET OUR TEAM

TAKUMA MIRJAM FLORA RAJESH

HAYASHI​ NILSSON​ BERGGREN​ SANTOSHI​
President Chief Executive Chief Operations VP Marketing
Officer Officer

Presentation title 48 20XX

 MEET OUR EXTENDED TEAM

TAKUMA HAYASHI​ MIRJAM NILSSON​ FLORA BERGGREN​ RAJESH SANTOSHI​

President Chief Executive Officer Chief Operations Officer VP Marketing

GRAHAM BARNES ROWAN MURPHY ELIZABETH MOORE ROBIN KLINE

VP Product SEO Strategist Product Designer Content Developer
 PLAN FOR PRODUCT LAUNCH

PLANNING MARKETING DESIGN STRATEGY LAUNCH

Deploy
Disseminate Coordinate e- Foster holistically strategic
Synergize scalable
standardized business superior networks with
e-commerce
metrics applications methodologies compelling e-
business needs

Presentation title 50 20XX

 TIMELINE

Sep 20XX Nov 20XX Jan 20XX Mar 20XX May 20XX

Synergize scalable e- Disseminate Coordinate e-business Foster holistically Deploy strategic

commerce standardized metrics applications superior networks with
methodologies compelling e-business
needs

Presentation title 51 20XX

AREAS OF FOCUS
B2B MARKET SCENARIOS

o Develop winning strategies to keep ahead of the

competition
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value
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CLOUD-BASED OPPORTUNITIES

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o Establish a management framework from the inside

Presentation title 52 20XX

HOW WE GET THERE
ROI
o Envision multimedia-based expertise
and cross-media growth strategies​
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o Engage worldwide methodologies with
web-enabled technologies
Presentation title
NICHE MARKETS SUPPLY CHAINS
o Pursue scalable customer service o Cultivate one-to-one customer service
through sustainable strategies​ with robust ideas​
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with cutting-edge deliverables time schemas
53 20XX
SUMMARY
At Contoso, we believe in giving 110%. By using our
next-generation data architecture, we help
organizations virtually manage agile workflows. We
thrive because of our market knowledge and great team
behind our product. As our CEO says, "Efficiencies
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business."​
​

Presentation title 54 20XX

 Mirjam Nilsson​

mirjam@contoso.com

www.contoso.com

THANK YOU