PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

MIDTERM EXAMINATION EQUIVALENT

SPEECHES

PREPARED BY:
RIZA IZON DELOS REYES,M.A LINGUISTICS
APRIL 16,2023
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Public Speaking is a speech-making before a large

body of audience in a formal situation wherein you, the
speaker, display your talents for eloquence and
oratory. It is communication of ideas using words and
actions to let other know what is happening in your
head.
Public Speaking is an art of facing a group people
and communicating to them your thoughts and
feelings by means of effective speech. It is direct
communication with the audience – the creation of an
idea in other minds through the stimuli of words, facial
expressions, and movements.
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• The necessary requirement in a speech act are:
SPEAKER, AN AUDIENCE, and AN OCCASION.
Important Elements of Public Speaking
• Voice - the sound produced by the
vibration of the vocal cords
• Voice pitch - the highness and lowness of
tone
• Voice volume - the loudness and carrying
power of voice.
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• . Voice quality - that which distinguishes one voice from
another when pitch, volume, and
duration, are the same. For instance, a voice may be hoarse,
nasal, mellow, etc.
• Speech rate and pause - consist of number of words uttered
per minute and the cessation of speaking within or between
sentences.
• Enunciation ad pronunciation - the formation of voice into
words and the manner of utterance of words.
• Gestures - involve the movements of arms, shoulders, hands
or head in the physical expression of thought.
• Posture - the position of bearing of the body.
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• Facial expression - the aspect and general
appearance of the face.
• Organization of thought - the logical arrangement of
ideas.
• Composition - manner of formulating ideas
into effective sentences
• Phrasing - the grouping of words into small
unit of thoughts.
• Audience contact - establishing mental and contact with the
audience by talking to its members.
• Motivation - the use of appeal and subject matter which
are important to the audience and induce audience action.
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Bad voice qualities
• Breathing – caused by failure to bring the vocal cords
closely enough together.
• Metallic – caused usually by too much energy in making
the tone and by tightness of throat muscles.
• Thinness – caused by lack of resonance.
• Hoarseness – caused by a cold or by strain through
misuse.
• Falsetto – caused by getting resonance from the back
part of the hard palate.
• Weakness – caused by too little breath and vigor.
• Nasality – caused by letting the soft palate fall down too
much.
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• FORMS PREPARED SPEECH

 
• Five types of speech evolve out the way you prepare
your speech and the manner by which you will deliver your
talk.
 
1.The Impromptu Talk. This speaking without preparation where
you will find yourself in an unforeseen situation requiring you to
give a quick response to something said during a meeting or
unprepared comment to contribute when men are honored and
events are commemorated.
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2.The Extemporaneous Talk. You have ample
time to prepare your speech but you will also have
adequate time to rehearse your speech prior to facing
your audience.
In an extemporaneous speaking, you can show
your ability as an effective speaker.
3.The Memorized Speech. The reciting of the
speech from memory is used with success by many
speakers, you develop a sense of confidence to give your
speech exactly as you have committed it to memory.
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4.Speaking from a Manuscript. This type of speaking is not
public speaking in the sense that it fulfills the need for verbatim
delivery. In radio, on important occasions of state, e.g. public
pronouncements of the government, dedications, etc.
• In this type of speaking, a speaker reads from a manuscript
rather than deliver it. While this kind of speaking maintains a
sense of continuity of ideas, a logical sequence of thoughts,
and expresses a sense of security for the speaker, it is not
effective as the other types of speaking already discussed.
This is a speech ready for publication

5.Speaking with Notes. You arm yourself with notes to help you
remember the points of your speech. This kind of speaking is
more advantageous than speaking from a manuscript
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• FORMS OF SPEECHES FOR SPECIAL OCCASIONS
• 1.The Interview. An interview is purposive conversation aimed
at gathering information or at persuading. Usually, interviewing
is more of a business communication skill. For this reason, the
interview is a practical skill. All of us will apply for a job at one
time or another.
• 2.The Introduction. There are times when we are called upon
to introduce a speaker
• 3.The Announcement. Making an announcement is speaking
briefly to present information or to promote an idea or event.
Actually, an announcement is like the persuasive or informative
speech.
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• 4.The Welcome Talk. The welcome talk is given to make the
person feel wanted and comfortable. Also this type of a talk
serves to establish a friendly relationship between the visitor
and the host group.
• 5.The Nomination and Acceptance of Nomination Speech.
The nominations of candidates for the offices are an integral
part of democratic governmental procedures. Many people
have been raised to political eminence through the direct
influence of nomination speeches.
• 6.The Presenting and Receiving of Awards Speech. This
kind of talk comes to the fore during moments when you
present or receive an award.
• 7.The Radio or Television Talk. Radio and television speech
has much the same purpose as other short-talk type of
speaking. In a radio or television speech, you use a
microphone and/or camera as you talk to group of listeners
through electronic devices.
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• Forms of Speeches in General Purposes.

1.The Informative Speech. In the informative speech, the

speaker’s intention to inform the audience is often blended with
his desire for audience belief.
• 2.The Inspirational Speech interview is purposive
conversation aimed at gathering information or at persuading.
• Speeches whose aim is to impress or to elevate the spirit are
inspirational in nature. They arouse in the listeners emotional
associations.
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• . 3.The Entertaining or Graceful Speech. This speech of
entertainment has for its main purpose the enjoyment of the
audience by telling them light-hearted or funny stories.
• 4.The Persuasive Speech. When a speaker wishes the
audience to do something about the situation he presents and
he will not be content unless he gets a definite overt response,
then he is performing a persuasive speech.
• 5.The Argumentative Speech Speeches intended to induce
belief by force of facts, reasons, and manner of presentation.

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Thank you and GOD BLESS.