Subject:

RESEARCH AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Submitted to:
MA’AM SABA
Submitted by:
INSHA IRSHAD
BUSHRA AISH
HADIA NAWAZ
MAH-ABEEN MALIK
IQRA MUSTAFA
EMAAN ASLAM
TOPIC:
LITERATIRE REVIEW
Faculty of Education
Department of Secondary Education
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
literature review
 A literature review is a critical analysis and synthesis of the existing literature on a particular
topic or research question.
 It involves a systematic and comprehensive search of relevant literature, evaluation of the
quality and validity of the sources, and a synthesis of the information gathered to provide an
overview of the current state of knowledge on the topic.
 According to "Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review" by Andrew Booth,
Anthea Sutton, and Diana Papaioannou, a literature review is "a process of systematically
searching, appraising and synthesizing evidence to answer a research question" (Booth et al.,
2016, p. 3).
In essence, a literature review is a critical and
comprehensive summary of previous
research, and it provides a foundation for new
research by identifying gaps in current
knowledge and highlighting areas for future
investigation.
Reference:Booth,
A., Sutton, A., &
Papaioannou, D.
(2016). Systematic
Approaches to a
Successful Literature
Review.
Sage Publications
 Role of a literature review

 The role of a literature review is to provide a comprehensive

and critical overview of the existing literature on a particular
topic. It serves as a foundation for new research by
identifying gaps in current knowledge and highlighting areas
for future investigation.

 According to "Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the

Social Science Research Imagination" by Chris Hart, the role
of a literature review can be summarized as follows:

 To situate the research problem in the context of previous

research and theory.
 To identify gaps in the existing literature and highlight areas
for future research.
 To assess the quality and validity of previous research.
Role of a literature review
 To synthesize the findings of previous research and provide a summary of the current state of
knowledge on the topic.
 To provide a theoretical framework for the current study.
 To demonstrate the contribution of the current study to the existing literature.
 In essence, the role of a literature review is to provide a critical and comprehensive
understanding of the existing literature on a topic, and to guide the development of new
research.

Reference:Hart, C. (1998). Doing a Literature

Review: Releasing the Social Science
Research Imagination. Sage Publications
 Steps of Literature Review
A literature review is an essential component of academic
research. Here are the general steps of conducting a
literature review:
 Define the research question or topic: Start by defining the
research question or topic that you want to investigate. This
will guide your search for relevant literature.

 Search for relevant literature: Conduct a comprehensive

search for relevant literature using academic databases such
as JSTOR, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Also, consider
searching for relevant books on the topic. For example, if
your research topic is "The Role of Social Media in Politics,"
you can search for books on the topic such as "Social Media
and Politics: A New Way to Participate in the Political
Process" by Glenn W. Richardson Jr.
 Steps of Literature Review
 Evaluate the quality of sources: Once you have found
potential sources, evaluate their quality. Check the author's
credentials and reputation, as well as the credibility of the
publishing source. For example, if the source is a peer-
reviewed journal, it is likely to be more credible than a
personal blog.
 Read and take notes: Read through the sources and take
notes on key points, arguments, and findings related to your
research topic. This will help you organize and synthesize
the information later.
 Analyze and synthesize the information: Analyze and
synthesize the information you have collected from the
sources. Look for common themes, patterns, and gaps in the
literature. This will help you identify areas that need further
research.
Steps of Literature Review
 Write the literature review: Write the literature review, summarizing the key findings, and
integrating them into a coherent narrative. Be sure to cite your sources appropriately using the
referencing style required by your academic institution.
One book reference that can be helpful for conducting a literature review is "Doing a
Literature Review:
 Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination" by Chris Hart. This book provides a
comprehensive guide to conducting a literature review, including practical advice on searching
for sources, evaluating their quality, and synthesizing the information into a coherent narrative
 Literature Review Types

There are several types of literature reviews, each with a

different focus and purpose. Here are some common types of
literature reviews along with a book reference for further
reading:
 Narrative literature review: This type of literature review
provides a comprehensive overview of a topic by
summarizing and synthesizing the existing literature.Book
reference: "Systematic Approaches to a Successful
Literature Review" by Andrew Booth, Anthea Sutton, and
Diana Papaioannou.
 Literature Review Types

 Systematic literature review: This type of literature review

involves a structured and rigorous approach to identifying,
analyzing, and synthesizing existing research on a specific
topic.
Book reference: "Systematic Reviews in
Health Care: Meta-Analysis in Context"
by Matthias Egger, George Davey Smith,
and Douglas Altman.

 Meta-analysis: This type of literature review involves the

statistical synthesis of data from multiple studies to provide a
quantitative summary of the existing research on a specific
topic.
 Literature Review Types

 Scoping review: This type of literature review involves a

broad exploration of the existing literature on a topic to
identify gaps, inconsistencies, and areas for further research.

 Rapid review: This type of literature review involves a

streamlined approach to synthesizing existing research on a
specific topic, often with a tight deadline.
 Umbrella review: This type of review synthesizes and
evaluates the findings from multiple systematic reviews on a
particular topic. The goal is to provide a high-level overview
of the existing evidence and to identify areas where more
research is needed.
Endure…

A useful book reference for conducting a literature review is

"Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science
Research Imagination" by Chris Hart. This book provides a
comprehensive guide to the literature review process, including
strategies for defining the scope and focus of the review,
searching for relevant literature, evaluating the literature, and
synthesizing the information. It also includes practical tips for
organizing and writing up the literature review