EXTINGUISHING

AGENTS
EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

 H2O – most effective cooling agents and has the greatest capacity for heat
absorption.
 Foam – highly effective extinguishing agent for smothering large fires
particularly those in oil, jet fuels and gasoline.
 Light Water/Aqueous Film Foaming – is a new synthetic film foaming
liquid.
 Dry Chemical – do not smother the fire and do not cooling it. It is corrosive
and abusive and should be used on class C fires only.
 CO2 – dry non – corrosive gas that is inert when in contact with most
substance, does not damage machinery or equipment, however dangerous
because it does not support life.
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS

 Dry Chemical – Light Red (Applicable on class A,B,C)

 Dry Powder – Yellow (Class D)
 Carbon Dioxide – Dark Red (Class B, C)
 AFFF – Light Blue (Class A, B)
 Wet Chemical Light Red (Class K)
 Water Type – Stainless (Class A)
ELEMENTS OF FIRE PROTECTION
CONTROL

 Engineering – conduct of Fire Safety Inspection and Pre-

Fire Planning
 Education – conduct of training, seminars, dialogue and
fire drills.
 Enforcement – implementation of PD 1185
PHASES OF FIRE OPERATION

 PRE-FIRE PLANNING – to know what to do in case of fire starts

in building/structure. It is conducted for the purpose of information
gathering of actual condition of a building or the area.
 Size Up – it involves the estimating or the assessment of the
situation at the fie scene by the Fire Ground Commander of the first
responding team/company.
 Rescue – removing victim from the endangered area and bringing
them to a safety place.
PHASES OF FIRE OPERATION

 Extinguishment – to put out the main body of fire

 Extinguishing Theory – generally fire maybe
extinguished by removing one side of the fire triangle or slowing
down the rate of combustion
 Salvage – to protect property/ies of value from preventable
damages due to sources other than the fire, like water.
 Overhauling – to prevent fire from rekindling
PHASES OF FIRE OPERATION

 Cover Exposure – to prevent fire from extending to other

uninvolved building
 Confinement – prevent fire from extending to other uninvolved
portions of the burning building. Upward extension is most rapid.
 Ventilation – to displace smoke, hot poison and toxic gases from
contaminated area and replacing them with fresh air from the
outside.
 Post Fire Analysis – a critic of what was done during the fire
operation.
 FIRE RELATED LAWS ON ARSON

 The First National Building Code RA 6541, entitled “An Act to ordain and Institute a National
Building Codeo0f the Philippines” was passed by the defunct congress in its last session` in
1972. The organization structure and machinery conceived in the code to oversee the
implementation of its provision was vested in the Joint Building and Development Planning
Research and Standards Commission.
 However, when martial law was declared in September 21, 1972, the enforcement and
administration of RA 6541 was deemed nullifies with the abolition of the congress from which
part of the commission’s membership was drawn. The formulation and adoption anew of an up
to date National Building Code was therefore one of the imperative of time and necessity.
 A new National Building Code therefore was promulgated under PD 1090 on February 19,
1977 which revised RA 6541.
 FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
(PD1185)

 PD 1185 – otherwise known as Fire code of the Philippines was signed into law on
August 26,1977 by President Marcos due to the alarming proportion of the
destructive fires that the economic and social gains continually undetermined, thus its
creation is necessary in order to minimize and/ or eliminate its similar occurrence. To
carry out effectively its objective the Implementing Rules and Regulation (IPP) was
issued on March 20, 1978 by the DG PC/INP and was subsequently approved by the
secretary of the Department of National Defense on March 25, 1978. Its last
publication on major circulations on May 28, 1978 and took effect on June27, 1878.
 PD 1185 – an act established to enforce fire safety standards on building and structure
and for other purposes on public safety against the dangers/hazards of fire.

 RA 6975 – which provide that the Fire Bureau shall have the power to investigate all
causes of fire and if necessity file the proper complaint with the city/provincial
prosecutor having jurisdiction over the case.
 CLASSIFICATION OR TYPE OF
OCCUPANCY

 Mercantile – pertains on occupancies which include stores, market and other

rooms in a building/structure for the display or sale of merchandize
 Institutional – use for purposes such as treatment or care of person suffering from
physical or mental illness such as hospital, nursing homes and home for the aged.
 Storage – it pertains to warehouse, terminals, hangars and parking garage.
 Public Assembly – places of assemble include but not limited to all building for
gathering of 50 or more person for worship, entertainment theater and restaurant.
 Business – use for transaction of business such as general offices, halls, libraries etc.
 Educational – use for gathering of a group of six or more
person for purposes of instruction such as school,
colleges and nursery.
 Industrial – type of occupancy which pertain on
factories, making products of all kinds and kinds
properties devoted to operation such as processing,
assembling, packaging, this is also includes power plant,
sawmill and gas plant.
 Residential – all residential is one which is sleeping accommodation are
provided except those classified under institutional occupancies. Residential refers
to hotel, pension house, and apartment.
 Mixed Occupancy – refers to two or more type of occupancies in the same
building with different purpose.
 Miscellaneous – type of occupancy which includes building which cannot properly
classified in any of occupancy group
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
 Structure – that which is build or constructed, or any piece of work build up or composed of parts
joined together in some definition manner
 Building – any structure build for the support, shelter or enclosure of person, animals, chattels or
property of any kind.
 Traditional Indigenous Family Dwelling – a building used as a dwelling fir the use and
occupancy of the family of the owner only and constructed of native materials such as bamboo, nipa,
logs or lumber the total cost of which does not exceed 15, 000.00
 Ancillary Building/Structure – a secondary building/structure located on the same premises or lot
the use of which is incidental to that of the main building/structure
 Construction – all on site work down from site preparation, excavation, and foundation and
assemble of all components of building/structures.
 Erection – installation in place of components of a building/structure
 Addition – any new construction which increase the height or area of an existing
building/structure
 Alteration – construction in a building/structure involving changes in materials used
but does increase the over all area.
 Renovation – any physical change made on an building to increase its value, utility
and/ or improve its aesthetic quality
 Conversion – a change in the use of occupancy of a building/structure or any portion
 Repair – remedial work done on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s of a
building/structure to restore its original condition