Realignment of Emerging Technologies vis-a-vis

Polictical,Economic, Socio-Cultural, etc...

Prof(Dr) Aftab Alam

 Challenges of Industry 4.0

• Early on, the main challenges for organizations wishing to

implement Industry 4.0 were cost and interoperability

• The machines and sensors used on the factory floor often

relied on differing protocols,

• making communications between connected devices

difficult.
In today’s globalized world, every company
needs to be known internationally as well. For
this, the company sets up its operations in
many nations. These are known as
Multinational Companies (MNCs). Try our
service for International company registration.
But before setting up abroad, some very key
features need to be taken care of. These
constitute the international business
environment (IBE).
• In today’s globalized world, every company
needs to be known internationally as well. For
this, the company sets up its operations in many
nations.
• These are known as Multinational Companies
(MNCs).
• Try our service for 
International company registration. But before
setting up abroad, some very key features need
to be taken care of. These constitute the
international business environment (IBE).
 Macro-environment
Macro-environment is a broader term that af

• Macro-environment is a broader term that

affects the firm’s international business
environment as well as the micro-
environment factors. These key features of
Macro-environment that impact the
international business environment are
Political, economic, cultural, technological,
competitive, etc.
 Political environment
• t is a factor of the international business environment that
attracts foreign businesses to be set up in the nation.
• A country could be less developed (Third world),
developing or more developed (industrialized). A less
developed country is a poor country, a developing country
is moving from poor to a rich and more developed country
is a rich country.
• It all depends upon the infrastructure, education,
technology, healthcare and so on. A country develops its
GDP annually that shows its progress economically. But a
more thorough approach is needed to identify some
factors and for this, the company needs to ask what is
 Technological environment

• This is an external factor affecting the international

business environment of the company. In the 20th
century, humankind has witnessed great technological
advances and this is the same case in the 21st century. So,
the nations can’t change this scenario but can adapt to it.
• Usually, nations accept all these advances as this would
mean the country’s growth in the long run and they want
the latest technology in the first place. But, some nations
due to their cultural, social or political factors may detest
these changes. So, a company needs to make sure the
following
 Cultural environment
• Being one of the most critical and difficult factors of the
international business environment to understand, this
could be harmful for the company’s reputation if it doesn’t
take serious measures to it. This environment includes the
history, language, religion, geographic location,
government, and education.
• Cultural values are described by Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck as
something that is a shared belief of what is right and wrong
for one group. For the nation’s cultural environment, this
means a shared belief by the nation of what is right. For
this analysis, Hofstede in1980 developed a mechanism.
• Hofstede mechanism
Cultural Environment
 Competitive Environment
• Competitive environment changes from one country
to another.
• This is because of the various factors described above
like political, cultural, economic or technological.
• When a company moves to a new environment, it
becomes hard to identify the source of competition.
• It could be from a private institution or public, local
or global, large or small company, traditional or new
competitors. For this environment as well, the
company should prepare itself beforehand.