The Philippines Under

MARTIAL LAW
Prepared by: Teacher Irene
Events Leading to the
Declaration of Martial
Law
 Events Leading to the Declaration of
Martial Law
Worsening Problem of and
Order
The Plaza
Emergence of Miranda
Leftist Bombing
Groups

The
Suspension of
the Writ of
Habeas
Corpus
Events Leading to the Declaration of
Martial Law
● First term of Marcos was
exceptional

● The Philippines was

known as one of the
leading economies in Asia
(last years of 1960)
Second Term: faced many
problems
poverty

Disorder, street demonstration

Problem with peace and order

became severe
1. EMERGENCE OF LEFTIST GROUP

Communist Party of
the Philippines
- Founded by Jose Maria
Sison
- Based on the ideology
of Mao Tse Tung
1. EMERGENCE OF LEFTIST GROUP

New People’s Army

(NPA)

- Armed wing of the CPP

- Fought with violence
 1. EMERGENCE OF LEFTIST GROUP

Moro National
Liberation Front
(MNLF)
- Nur Misuari
- Composed of Muslims
who wished to build a
separate government
called the Republic of
Bangsamoro
2. Worsening of the Problems of Peace
and Order

Rallies and
demonstrations
- UP, PNU, PUP
2. Worsening of
the Problems of
Peace and Order
National Union of
Students of the
Philippines
- rally at the House of
Representative
3. Plaza Miranda
Bombing
Aug. 21, 1971
- Proclamation of
Liberal Party took
place at Plaza
Miranda in Quiapo,
Manila
- Grenade exploded
- 9 people died
4. Suspension of the
Writ of Habeas
Corpus
Proclamation 889
- Writ of Habeas
Corpus (right to a fair
trial)
- Paved the way for the
arrest of alleged
communist and other
“enemies” of the
government
September 23, 1972
Proclamation 1081
Marcos declared
Martial Law
Let the students watch the first
half of the video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWu46IyLKwI
LIFE under the
MARTIAL LAW
Under Martial Law, President Marcos had the absolute
right to create laws through the following:

• Presidential Decree
• General Orders
• Letters of Instructions
General Order No. 2-A
● Authorized the Secretary of National
Defense to arrest anyone who
committed a crime or is guilty of any
act related to rebellion against the
government
● An individual can be arrested: gun
smuggling, kidnapping, robbery,
ambush and other related crime
The POWER rested on ONE person only.
THE PRESIDENT
● He is also the prime minister
● He changed the 1972
Constitution
● He headed the executive,
legislative branch, and the
cabinet
● Ruled over the military court
Some laws enacted by Marcos
● Curfew: 12 am – 4 am
● Ban on rallies, demonstrations, and
strikes
● Government control over newspapers,
radio, and television stations
● Suspension of overseas work (except
missions set by the government)
● Death sentence for anyone caught
carrying firearms without permission
Answer these:
● Give 2 events that led to the declaration of
Martial Law in the Philippines

● What do you think is the effect if Martial to

Filipinos?