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INTRODUCTION TO
MULTIMEDIA
Chapter 1- MULTIMEDIA CONCEPT
LEARNING OUTCOME

At the end of this chapter, you should be able to

 Define multimedia
 Describe basic multimedia components
 Define multimedia related terms.
 Describe various multimedia applications
 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia.
WHAT IS MULTIMEDIA?

Multimedia – is the field concerned with the

Computer controlled integration of text, graphics,
drawings, still and moving images (Video),
animation, audio, and any other media where every
type of information can be represented, stored,
transmitted and processed digitally.
HISTORY OF MULTIMEDIA
The first Personal Computer (PC) is “monomedia”.
No audio – only text on skrin. Monomedia technology was develop by ENIAC 1946

The middle age PC become advance with the introduction of soundcard, graphics card
and faster microchip processor.

Multimedia PC capable of displaying text, graphic, video, animation & audio

1991 Windows 3.0 introduced the usage of graphics for computers.

It changed the concept of computer usage to be more interactive in delivering

information.
 1992, Windows 3.0 introduced multimedia capable of digital audio, graphics and visual. This
version was expensive.

 Windows 3.1 able to use joystick and MIDI audio. Users like it.
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 1991, Multimedia Marketing Council (MMC) announce Multimedia Personal Computer (MPC)
 Image/
Text
Graphic
MULTIMEDIA
BASIC Animation
Video
COMPONENTS

Audio /
Sound
MULTIMEDIA BASIC COMPONENTS

Text
Characters that are used to create words,
sentences, and paragraphs.

Multimedia is a rich medium that •Monitor

accommodates numerous instructional
strategies. Multimedia addresses many of the
•Keyboard
Titles
challenges of instruction in both the
academic and corporate environments. It is
accessible over distance and time and
provides a vehicle for consistent delivery. •Mouse
Multimedia can provide the best medium with
which to communicate a concept.
•Speaker
MULTIMEDIA BASIC COMPONENTS

IMAGE / A digital representation of non-text

GRAPHICS information, such as a drawing, chart, or
photograph
MULTIMEDIA BASIC COMPONENTS
Video is the technology of electronically
VIDEO capturing, recording, processing, storing,
transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence
of still images representing scenes in
motion.
MULTIMEDIA BASIC COMPONENTS

It is a series of graphics that create an

ANIMATION illusion of motion.
MULTIMEDIA BASIC COMPONENTS

AUDIO /  Provides the effective way to convey

SOUND an idea, elicit an emotion, or
dramatize point.
 Sounds also can be combined in a
multimedia presentation to provide
information and enhance the other
media being presented.
CATEGORIZATION

Two types of
Multimedia NON-LINEAR
LINEAR
(PRESENTATION)
presentation : (INTERACTIVE)
CATEGORIZATION

 Linear active content progresses without

any navigation control for the viewer such as
LINEAR a cinema presentation.
(PRESENTATION)  Information is read or viewed in a continuous
sequence.
 Usually, these presentations begin at a
predetermined starting point and end at a
predetermined end point.
 They can be automated so that each screen
comes after a fixed time interval.
CATEGORIZATION

 Non-linear content offers user

interactivity to control progress as
used with a computer game or used NON-LINEAR
in self-paced computer-based (INTERACTIVE)
training.

 NOT presented in sequential or

chronological manner.
 MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
 The synergistic union of digital
video, audio, computer, information, and telecommunication technologies.
 Computer-based interactive applications having multiple media elements, including
TEXT, GRAPHICS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEO AND SOUND.
 Multimedia technology refers to both the hardware and software used to create
and run such system.
 The mode of delivery for each application depends on the amount of information tha
t must be stored, the privacy desired, and the potential expertise of the users. 
 Example:
 Personal presentations might be made directly from a computer.
 Advertising and training materials are often placed on the WWW for easy public
access.
 Museum make use of multimedia kiosks with touch screen and earphone
MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY

 The synergistic union of digital
video, audio, computer, information, and telecommunication technologies.
 Computer-based interactive applications having multiple media elements,
including TEXT, GRAPHICS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEO AND SOUND.
 Multimedia technology refers to both the hardware and software used to
create and run such system.
 The mode of delivery for each application depends on the amount of inform
ation that must be stored, the privacy desired, and the potential expertise of
 the users.
MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
 Example:
 Personal presentations might be made directly from a computer.
 Advertising and training materials are often placed on the WWW for easy
public access.
 Museum make use of multimedia kiosks with touch screen and earphone

Technology that are currently “emerging” are :

Teleconferencing
HDTV
Speech Recognition
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY

ter·mi·nol·o·gy ˌtərməˈnäləjē/
noun
1. the body of terms used with a particular technical
application in a subject of study, theory, profession, etc.
  Multimedia
 Multimedia System
MULTIMEDIA  Multimedia Software
 Multimedia Application
TERMINOLOGY  Multimedia Production
 Type of Multimedia System
 Multimedia and the single user
 Multimedia on Networks
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY
Multimedia System
- Hardware and software systems for handling multiple digital media

Multimedia Software
- Environment & Application

Multimedia Application
- Make use of audio, text and graphics
- Situation where multimedia is the central of the application
- Provides the human interface to deliver the capabilities of the system to the
user (e.g. Multimedia Book)
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY
Multimedia Production
- Where the display and presentation of the media elements is the sole
purpose. (e.g. Web page and encyclopedia on CD ROM)

Type of Multimedia System

Information Access - browsing , searching
Presentation - home , theater , interactive video
Development - authoring tools
Teleconferencing - Human communication
Process Control - Controlling machine , manufacturing
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY
Multimedia and the single user
- 2 types of commercial platform
 Computer-based Training (CBT)
Just in time training. Flexible training that can be accessed by the user at
any time
 Kiosks
- Provide details of product and services
- Installed in shops , museums and public place
- Combine text, graphics, audio, animation and video
- Information can be accessed by mouse , keyboard and touch
screen (most popular)
- Element of hypermedia to enable user to move around the
system
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY
Multimedia on networks
HYPERTEXT
Information is linked and cross-
referenced in many different ways
and is widely available to end users.

Hypertext means a database in

which information (text) has been
organised nonlinearly. The database
consists of nodes and links between
nodes
MULTIMEDIA
TERMINOLOGY
Multimedia on networks
HYPERMEDIA
 A link is defined by
source and destination
nodes, and by an anchor
in the source node.
 Two types of link:
 Internal link (local)

 External link (global)

DESIGNING HYPERMEDIA
 Important questions in designing the hypermedia
are:
 Converting linear text to hypertext

 Text format conversions

 Dividing the text into nodes

 Link structures, automatic generation of links

 Are nodes in a database or are they separate files

on file system
 Client-server of standalone
INTERACTIVITY IN MULTIMEDIA
• Ability for users to communicate with programs or multimedia
software

• User able to control the content want to displayed, when

being displayed, and how being displayed

• Interactivity allow users to explore information through presentation

based on their own enquires & pace

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EFFECT OF MULTIMEDIA
TECHNOLOGY
1. Change the way to communicate / shopping
Various ways of communicating and shopping such as videophone, MMS,
teleshopping etc.

2. Movies and Musical Industries.

Usage of technology creating 3D animation movies (Shrek, Final Fantasy etc).
Digitize audio quality.

3. Education
Teaching & Learning process become interesting. (visually oriented, Virtual
Education, motivate learning curve, etc).

4. Electronic Publishing
example : electronic newspaper

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 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY

Education & Training

 There are various multimedia education
application in the market which can help
teaching & learning processes
 E g. : Atlas of Planar Imaging , Mathematics
for kids, E-Book
Education

Edutainment (Education + Entertainment)

 Cth : Franklin’s Reading World
 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY

Medical

Multimedia application used by medical sectors

 Multimedia system containing patient
information.
 Multimedia application simulation platform
Medical such as virtual surgery.
 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
ENCYCLOPEDIA
 Cover various areas such as Science,
General

Knowledge, Religion purposely for :

Encyclopedia  Teaching & Learning
 References
 Medium for training/practices

 E.g : Britannica , Encarta , Quran

 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
ENTERTAINMENT

 Multimedia entertainment applications aim at

diverting users, engaging them in amazing
experiences such as reading a book, listening
to music, enjoying videos, and playing a
game.
Entertainment
 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
GOVERNMENT
 Multimedia data can be important assets of
government computer systems. 
 
 Examples include maps, video of meetings, slide
presentations by consultants and vendors, graphs of
budgets, and text of regulations.  
Government  
 Multimedia information is important for digital
government because it is often a more natural
communication mode for people than text.  

 It is thus important that government be responsive to

the needs and desires of citizens by providing it.  
 THE USE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
BUSINESS

 Business applications include presentation training,

marketing, advertising, product demos, product
catalogue, instant messaging and network
communication.
Business Marketing
INDUSTRIAL

 Multimedia is used as a way to help present

information to shareholders, superior and
coworkers.

 Example: advertising, selling products all over the

world virtually unlimited web-based technologies.
ADVANTAGES OF MULTIMEDIA

1. Is easy to use.
2. Enhancement of Text Only Messages
3. Improves over Traditional Audio-Video Presentations
4. Gains and Holds Attention
5. Good for “computer-phobics”
6. Multimedia is Entertaining as Well as Educational
7. Cost-effective
8. Trendy
DISADVANTAGES OF MULTIMEDIA

1. Expensive
2. Not always easy to configure
3. Requires special hardware
4. Not always compatible
 QUICK
REVISION ..
1. Define MULTIMEDIA.
2. Explain the differences of linear and non-linear multimedia presentation
3. Describe Hypermedia.
4. List basic components of multimedia.
5. List four examples of Multimedia application.
6. Explain
7. Give four advantages and disadvantages of Multimedia.
8. In your opinion, what are the characteristics of a good multimedia
system.