GROUP 3

MEMBERS:
DESILOS, PRINCE REYVEN
PADRIQUE, KEZHA BIANCA
PASILAN, ALFREDO
JOVITA, MYLA
 TIMING RELAYS
A Timer Relay is a combination of an
electromechanical output relay and a
control circuit. The contacts will open or
close before or after a pre-selected, timed
interval.

A timing relay is a simple form of time-

based control, allowing the user to open or
close the contacts based on a specified
timing function.

Are a variation of the standard

instantaneous control relay in which a
fixed or adjustable time delay occurs after
a change in the control signal before the
switching action occurs.
• Ten selectable functions, selectable time ranges up to 9,990
hours, and universal input voltage allow the TMRP series to be
the most flexible timer offered

• The TMR6 series true Off-delay timer allows it to remain

energized even under control power loss

• Replaceable lithium battery in the E5-248-C1420 eliminates the

need for an external voltage supply

• E5-248-C1420 offers a through-panel mount design and LCD

display to allow easy access for set-point and function changes
TIMING RELAYS
 TIMER DELAY RELAYS

• time delay relay is a type of

relay that has a built-in time
delay function. This means
the relay will not
immediately activate when
it is energized but will wait
for a set amount of time
before doing so. This can be
useful for applications
requiring delays before the
relay activates, such as
industrial automation or
security systems.
TIMER DELAY RELAYS
 Types of Time Delay Relays
 ON-Delay Timers

An ON-delay timer is a type of time delay relay

used to control the activation of a circuit by
delaying the initiation of current flow.

 OFF-Delay Timers

OFF-delay timers are a type

of time delay relay that opens or closes
the circuit as soon as power is removed
 One Shot Timers
 Recycle Timers
One-shot timers are a time
Recycle timers are a type of
delay relay used to activate
time delay relay used to control
a circuit after a set amount of
a load’s on and off cycling.
time has passed.
Their are four basic types of
time-delay relay contacts.
• Normally-Open, Timed-Closed Contact

• Normally-Open, Timed-Open Contact

• Normally-Closed, Timed-Open Contact

• Normally-Closed, Timed-Closed Contact

Normally-Open, Timed-Closed Contact

• First, we have the normally-open, timed-closed (NOTC)

contact. This type of contact is normally open when the coil
is unpowered (de-energized). The contact is closed by the
application of power to the relay coil, but only after the coil
has been continuously powered for the specified amount of
time.

• In other words, the direction of the contact’s motion (either

to close or to open) is identical to a regular NO contact, but
there is a delay in closing direction. Because the delay
occurs in the direction of coil energization, this type of
contact is alternatively known as a normally-open, on-delay:
Normally-Open, Timed-Open
Contact
• Next, we have the normally-open, timed-open (NOTO)
contact. Like the NOTC contact, this type of contact is
normally open when the coil is unpowered (de-
energized), and closed by the application of power to
the relay coil.

• However, unlike the NOTC contact, the timing action

occurs upon de-energization of the coil rather than
upon energization. Because the delay occurs in the
direction of coil de-energization, this type of contact is
alternatively known as a normally-open, off-delay:
Normally-Open, Timed-Open
Contact
Normally-Closed, Timed-Open Contact

• Next, we have the normally-closed, timed-open (NCTO) contact.

This type of contact is normally closed when the coil is unpowered
(de-energized).

• The contact is opened with the application of power to the relay

coil, but only after the coil has been continuously powered for the
specified amount of time. In other words, the direction of the
contact’s motion (either to close or to open) is identical to a regular
NC contact, but there is a delay in the opening direction.

• Because the delay occurs in the direction of coil energization, this

type of contact is alternatively known as a normally-closed, on-
delay:
Normally-Closed, Timed-Open Contact
 Normally-Closed, Timed-Closed Contact

•Finally, we have the normally-closed, timed-closed (NCTC)

contact. Like the NCTO contact, this type of contact is
normally closed when the coil is unpowered (de-energized),
and opened by the application of power to the relay coil.

•However, unlike the NCTO contact, the timing action occurs

upon de-energization of the coil rather than upon
energization. Because the delay occurs in the direction of
coil de-energization, this type of contact is alternatively
known as a normally-closed, off-delay:
Normally-Closed, Timed-Closed Contact
 MOTOR DRIVEN
- Motor drive means a system that
includes a motor. An adjustable
speed motor drive means a
system that includes a motor that
has multiple operating speeds. A
variable speed motor drive is a
system that includes a motor and
is continuously variable in speed.
If the motor is generating
electrical energy rather than
using it – this could be called a
generator drive but is often still
referred to as a motor drive.
-
 The function of the power converter circuit
in the motor drive are:
1. Transfer electrical energy from a source
thar could be of given voltage current at
certain frequency and phase as the input
2. To electrical output pf desired voltage
current frequency and phase to the motor
such that required mechanical output of the
motor is achieved to drive the load
3. Controller regulates energy ow through
feedback coming from the sensor block

4. Signal measured by sensors from the

motor are low power which are then sent to
the controller
5. Controller tells that converter what it need
to be doing: A closed loop feedback system is
the method of comparing what is the actually
happening to what motor should be
outputting accordingly to maintain the
target output
 What Is a Solid State Timer

• Solid state timers—also known as

solid state timer relays are used in numerous
electrical and electronic devices to control of a
wide variety of resistive and inductive loads.

• A solid state timer relay uses semiconductor

components instead of moving parts to control
the timing of an event. The time delay is
adjustable and can be set using a
potentiometer on the device. A solid state timer
delay relay is small and compact, making it
ideal for use in space-constrained
applications.ideal for a broader range of
switching applications such as:Heaters,
Lights ,Motors,Motion control devices
 Benefits of Solid State Timers

 No moving parts , hence completely

silently.
 Operate for countless on/off cycles without
deterioration in performance.
 Faster response times.
 Require significantly less power than
electromechanical switches.
 Although they do have some limitations,
they are far outweighed by the benefits
that these timers offer.
 The most common timers used in industry: ON-delay
solid-state timers and the OFF delay solid-state timers.

 ON Delay Timer Connection

The on-delay solid-state timer relay is a two-piece device in which one part of the
device is the base and the other is the time relay. The base of the on-delay timer is
interchangeably used with control relays. The base has eight pin holes, see figure 1,
and a keyhole to ensure proper placement.

Fig.1: ON Delay Pin Layout

 OFF Delay Timer Connection

The off delay timer is much like the on delay timer relay except it has 11 pins instead of
the eight pins . The base of the off delay timer has 11 terminals to connect the control
wires of the control system. It also contains 11 female pin holes and a female keyhole to
ensure the device is seated properly. The off delay unit has a dial to adjust and set the
preset time and 11 male pins and a male key way for proper connection to the base.

Fig.2: OFF Delay Pin Layout

 CLOCK TIMER
Timer is a clock that controls the sequence of an event while
counting in fixed intervals of time. A Timer is used for producing
precise time delay. Secondly, it can be used to repeat or initiate an
action after/at a known period of time. This feature is very
commonly used in several applications. An example could be setting
up an alarm which triggers at a point of time or after a period of
time.

Most of the processors/controllers have inbuilt Timers.

Timers in a processor/controller not only generate time
delays but they can also be used as counters. They are used
to count an action or event. The value of counter increases
by one, every time its corresponding action or event
occurs. Timers in a processor/controller are inbuilt chips
that are controlled by special function registers (SFRs)
assigned for Timer Operation.
 Applications of Timers
Timer’s circuits have different applications in different systems. Timers are used for
various purposes in the circuit. In a counter circuit, the major part of the circuit is a
timer. The speed of the circuit can be changed by changing the timer’s time period.
Timers are used to generate the desired delays, baud rates are also generated with
the help of timers. Timers are also used as reference signal generators. Different
reference pulses are generated with the help of timers. A number of flip flop circuits
are triggered by different timers. The event sequence is easily controlled with the
help of timers. A timer has various applications which are extensively used in daily
life practical devices from the basic household level to a large industrial level. Each
timer has its own applications and characteristics.
 Pneumatic Timer
-are popular industrial components that are uses in fields
where an electrical current is considered destructive and
dangerous. In many industries, oil, gas, and other
flammable substances are used on a daily basis. One tiny,
electric spark could cause a fire of dramatic proportions.
In order to limit such foul occurrences, devices that are
powered by air and inert gasses are used in place of
electrical components.

Pneumatic timers can help limit electronic fires in

industries that have a high risk of fire. Instead of using an
electrical current, these devices utilize a piston and
control valve that is powered by a consistent air supply.
The air supply moves the piston back and forth towards
the conclusion of the chamber.
Operation
A pneumatic timer is not difficult, as long as you know the basics of the specific model being used.
The first step is to set the required time delay. The pneumatic timer will not start counting until an
air supply is present (this is not the case for a specialist timer). Once the air supply is switched on,
the timer will count until the reset signal is received. This will switch off the air supply. Simply put,
these devices are logic devices. They are used to switch a main valve somewhere else in a circuit
(the circuit that carries the signal for air supply).

When programing the timer, it is important to pick the correct time option. This
could be:

 Short Interval - 0.3 - 300 seconds

 Long Interval - 0.3 seconds - 100 hours
 Digital - 0 - 99,999 minutes

These timers can be operated with only inert gases, as long as the correct pressure is met. The biggest
problem with pneumatic timers and inert gases is that gases escape into the atmosphere. There is always
a consistent leak of these gases, so you will have to replace these gases. Using compressed air is a much
more economical endeavor.
 Inert gases are can be any gas the will not explode, is not a health hazard, and
is non-aggressive. Different inert gases are:

 Hydrogen
 Helium
 Oxygen
 Argon
 And Neon
There are places to use pneumatic timers that are more ideal than other places. The environment that timers
operate in is very important. The devices work best in industrial automation and processing. Timers need to be
shielded from extreme weather, and so that is why they are usually placed inside cabinets or on control panels.
You also want to protect your timers from dust and other debris because the dust could mess with the
performance of your device.

It is important to note that most timers cannot directly operate a cylinder, and this is because timers are created
as pilot devices. This means that they should only be added to larger control valve operations. There are certain
timers that will allow users to directly operate small actuators.
REFERENCES:
• Books;
> Pretuzella F. (2000) Electrical Motors and Controls System
• Web:
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashpot
> https://www.ekci.com/facts-about-pneumatic-timers-ezp-61.html?
fbclid=IwAR0QVZ03wcCI5EBkg89YJZyZIOBE4B2JkEBiGxZHf-
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> https://amperite.com/blog/solid-state-timer/?
fbclid=IwAR0QVZ03wcCI5EBkg89YJZyZIOBE4B2JkEBiGxZHf-
g5Vr40GyotTApbLK4