EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON LATEX

MODIFIED CONCRETE USING GGBS

ADMIXTURE

GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY

Ms. DIVYA SASI MATHEWS ELDHO

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MBI16CECS15
DEPT.OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MBITS
MBITS

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MBI16CECS15
 OVERVIEW

• Introduction
• Objectives
• Properties of Fresh Concrete
• Properties of the Hardened concrete
• Conclusions
• References

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Introduction

• Concrete is one of the marvels  Physical and chemical damages

of the modern world.
• Concrete is widely used for
making architectural structures,
foundations, pavements, bridges
domes, footings etc. and now its
usage has exceeded naturally
occurring water.
• Considering all the applications,
it has got also some kind of
degradations which are
 Radiant heat
 Corrosion of reinforcing bars.
• Since maintenance works are
considered to be expensive there is
necessary to change the ordinary
properties of concrete by means of
admixtures.
• Admixtures are the materials other
than cement, water and aggregate
which is used as an ingredient of
concrete to modify the properties
of ordinary concrete to make it
suitable for any situations.

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Types of Admixture

Chemical Admixture Mineral Admixture

• Plasticizers • Fly ash
• Super plasticizer • Silica fume
• Retarders • Metakaolin
• Accelerators • GGBS

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS)

 Ultimate Strength
 Chemical Attacks
 Resistance to corrosion of
Reinforcement
 Saving Cement in concrete
mix
 Refinement of pore
structures.
Fig.1 Source of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Natural Rubber Latex (N.R.L)

• N.R.L is obtained from

Hevia Brasiliensis, commonly
known as rubber tree by
controlled wounding called
tapping.
• Polymer present in the N.R.L
filles the pores in the paste
structure forming the bond
between cement and aggregate.

Fig.2 Natural Rubber Latex

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Gaps in literature

• The efficient use of material • The highly reactive GGBS

for construction depends on its admixture has been proposed
mechanical properties. to replace cement by various
• Use of synthetic polymers up to percentage according to this
a certain percentage enhances investigation.
the density, strength, toughness,
deflection characteristics and
durability of the concrete.
• Few attempts have been made
so far to study the effect of
natural polymers like rubber
latex on the engineering
properties of concrete.

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

OBJECTIVES

• To find the effect of addition of NRL on fresh and hardened

properties of concrete
• To study the bond behavior of reinforcement in latex modified
concrete.
• To find the durability of latex modified concrete.
• To study the mechanical properties of concrete with GGBS
admixture.
• To determine the combined behavior of NRL and GGBS in concrete.
• To determine the elastic properties of concrete with NRL and GGBS.

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Material Properties
No. Property Value No. Property Value
1 Specific Gravity 2.81 5 Specific Gravity 3
of coarse of Cement
aggregate
2 Specific Gravity 2.7 6 Initial Setting 30
of Fine Aggregate Time of cement minutes

3 Finess modulus of 3.46

FineAggregate 7 Specific Gravity 2.5
(Zone 1) of GGBS
4 Finess modulus of 3.08 8 Specific Gravity 0.94
Coarse Aggregate of Rubber Latex
(zone 2)

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120

100

80

Percentage F iner (%)

60

40

20

0
1 10 100

Sieve size mm (log scale)

Fig.3 Grading Curve of Fine Aggregate Fig .4 Grading Curve of Coarse Aggregate

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Mix Design of M25 Grade Concrete

Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water

394 kg 725.76 kg 1149.12 kg 197 liter

1 1.84 2.92 0.50

• The mix design of M25 grade concrete was carried out as per IS
10262:2009.
• Target Strength For Mix Proportion = 31.4 N/mm2
• Adopted water cement ratio : 0.50

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 Details of Mixes
No. Mix Cement Fine Coarse Water Natural GGBS
(kg) Aggregate(kg) Aggregate (litres) Rubber (%)
(kg) Latex
(%)

1 M25 394 725.76 1149.12 197 0 0

R.L 0.25 394  725.76  1149.12   196.5  0.25  0

R.L 0.5 394 725.76 1149.12 196 0.5 0
2
 R.L 0.75 394  725.76  1149.12  195.5  0.75  0
 
R.L 1 394 725.76 1149.12 195 1 0

             
R.L 1.25 394 725.76 1149.12 194.5 1.25 0
         
 G3 276  725.76
  1149.12 197 0 30
  G4 236 725.76 1149.12 197 0 40
3
         
725.76
G5 197 1149.12 197 0 50
4 R.L 1G5 197 725.76 1149.12 195 1 50

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Test conducted

• Fresh properties • Hardened properties

 Slump test  Bond Strength
 Compaction factor test  Modulus of elasticity
 Sorptivity
 Permeability
 Compressive strength of
cubes.
 Flexural Strength of beam
 Compressive strength of
cylinder.
 Splitting tensile strength of
cylinder.

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Bond Strength of cube

• Ultimate Bond, σbu =

Where, p = failure load
d = Diameter of the
reinforcing bar
l = Total length of the
embedded bar in the cube 

Fig.5 Test Specimen under Bond Strength

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Modulus of Elasticity of concrete

Fig.6 Test specimen under Modulus of Elasticity

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Sorptivity of concrete

• Sorptivity S =
Where, S= sorptivity in mm,
t= elapsed time in min.
I=Δw/Ad
Δ w= change in weight = W2-W1
W1 = Oven dry weight of cylinder
in grams
W2 = Weight of cylinder after 30
minutes capillary suction of water in
grams.
A = surface area of the specimen
through which water penetrated. Fig.7 Test Specimens under sorptivity
d = density of water

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Permeability of concrete

k = 2.303log10()

Where,
k = coefficient of water
permeability
a = cross-sectional area of the
stand pipe
L = length of the sample
A = cross-sectional area of the
specimen
t = time for water to drop from
level h1to h2
Fig.8 Test specimen under permeability test
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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete (M25)

No. Property Value
1. Slump Test 150 mm
2. Compaction Factor 0.928
3. Compressive Strength of Concrete cubes 38.23N/mm2
4 Bond Strength of cubes 1.6N/mm2

5. Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete 2.284N/mm2

Cylinders
6 Compressive Strength of cylinder 26.8N/mm2

7 Flexural Strength of concrete beam 7.2N/mm2

8 Modulus of elasticity of concrete 30879.62N/mm2

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Properties of Latex modified Fresh Concrete

Mix Slump (mm) Compaction Factor

M25 150 0.928

R.L 0.25 141 0.9
R.L 0.5 150 0.92
R.L 0.75 161 0.98
R.L1 172 0.99
R.L 1.25 160 0.96

• It is observed that workability of latex modified concrete is gradually

increasing with reference to normal concrete of the same grade.
• This may be due action of ball bearings present in the internal structure of
rubber latex.

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 Experimental Study on Latex modified Concrete using GGBS Admixture

• The Polymer present in the natural rubber fills the pores in the paste
structure and thus forms a bond between cement and aggregates in
concrete. The RL1 grade concrete is highly workable than M25.

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Properties of Hardened Latex Modified Concrete

Mix Compressive Strength(N/mm2)

M25 38.23
R.L 0.25 27.94
R.L 0.5 29.52
R.L 0.75 30.09
R.L 1 29.05
R.L 1.25 27.5

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Inference

• It is observed that by • When lower percentage of R.L

increasing the percentage of
R.L, compressive strength of
concrete goes on decreasing
up to 1% replacement of R.L.
• Further addition of R.L
decreases the compressive
strength of the concrete.
• This may be due to the
presence of non-
hydrocarbons such as zinc
and Ammonia in the latex.
was added to Plain concrete, the
polymer fills the voids existing in
concrete which makes the
concrete dense and in turn
improves compressive strength.
• At higher percentages of R.L other
than those required for filling the
voids form weak spots which in
turn causes reduction in density
and strength.
• The increase in the compressive
strength was 21.29% at 0% of R.L
compared to R.L 0.75.

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Properties of Fresh GGBS modified Concrete

Mix Slump(mm) Compaction Factor

M25 150 0.92
G3 70 0.836
G4 80 0.864
G5 60 0.72

• Concrete made of GGBS provides lower workability than

conventional concrete.
• This is due to the fact that the replacement of cement with GGBS
will reduce the unit water content necessary to obtain the slump.
The surface configuration and particle shape of slag is different
than cement particle.

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Properties of Hardened GGBS modified Concrete

Mix Compressive Splitting Compressive Flexural Bond

Strength of Tensile Strength of Strength of Strength
Cube Strength Cylinder Beam (N/mm2) of cubes
(N/mm2) (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (N/mm2)
M25 38.23 2.28 26.8 7.2 1.6
G3 42.81 3.1 30.1 7.9 1.8
G4 41.05 2.9 29.12 7.7 2.1
G5 34.12 2.81 25.61 7.5 1.9
R.L 35.8 2.47 27.2 7.4 1.58
1
G5

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Inference

• By decreasing the percentage of • The decrease in strength at 50%

GGBS ,compressive strength of is due to the fact that GGBS is a
concrete goes on increasing up to 50%
pozzolanic material. Replacement
replacement.
at higher percent decreases binder
• The improvement in strength is due to
characteristics of concrete.
the fact GGBS reduce water
• The increase in compressive
evaporation from concrete and thus
improves water retention capacity of strength was 10.69% for G3
concrete compared with conventional compared to conventional
concrete. concrete of same grade.

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Elastic Properties of latex modified concrete

Mix Modulus of Elasticity (N/mm2)

M25 30879.62
G3 37897.72
R.L 1 29417.26
R.L 1 G5 31761.90

• The improvement in values may be due to state of wetness of

concrete. Wet concrete being saturated with water experience
less strain for a given stress. The increase in strength was
18.51% for G3 mix and for R.L 1 G5 it was 2.7% with
reference to M25 mix.

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Energy Absorption Capacity

70

60

50
Load (kN)

40

M25 -
30

R.L 1 G5
20

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Deflection (mm)
Fig . 10 Tested specimen under four
Fig .9 Load vs Deflection curve point loading

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Energy absorption capacity of beam specimens

Mix Energy • Energy absorption capacity

Absorption(kN mm) goes on increasing by the
M25 311.25
partial replacement of
constituent materials of
R.L1 G5 367.5
concrete.
• The improvement in values
may due to the combined
action of rubber latex and
GGBS in concrete.
• The increase in absorption
value was found to be 15.30
percent with reference to
nominal mix of M25 grade.

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Durability behavior of latex modified concrete

Mix Chloride Test Percent of Sulphate Test Percent of
weight loss weight loss
Initial Final Initial Final weight
weight(kg weight weight (kg) (kg)
(kg)

2.3 1.7
M25 8.5 8.3 8.45 8.3

1.2 1
R.L 1 8.3 8.2 8.5 8.4

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Inference

• Its observed that final weight of test specimens of nominal mix

under chloride and sulphate test goes on decreasing of 230 and 130
grams respectively after 56 days of immersion in marine and acidic
environment.
• The latex modified concrete shows a slighter resistance to weight
loss of 120 and 100 grams under chloride and sulphate test.
• It may be due to the presence of natural rubber latex inside the
concrete.

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Sorptivity Behavior of Latex modified concrete

Mix Dry weight in Wet weight in Sorptivity value in

gram(W1) gram(W2) 10-4mm/min
M25 1100 1120 2.32
G5 1200 1250 2.4
R.L 1 G5 1250 1300 1.8

• It is observed that capillary suction or sorptivity values goes on

decreasing with increase in concentration of GGBS and rubber
latex.
• It may be due to the water tightness behaviour possessed by
rubber latex inside GGBS.

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Permeability of latex modified concrete

Mix Coefficient of • From table it is observed that

Permeability permeability seems to be
decreasing by the combination
(mm/sec)
of GGBS and rubber latex.
M25 0.039
• The most likely reason for
G5 0.028 differences in hydraulic
R.L 1 0.020 conductivity would come from
R.L 1 G5 0.019 the differences in pores
structure because of the effect
of rubber latex in the specimen
themselves

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CONCLUSIONS
• Workability of concrete gradually increased by the partial
replacement of water using Rubber Latex.
• Strength of latex modified concrete gradually gets increased by
addition of N.R.L.
• Partial replacement of cement using GGBS decreases the
workability of concrete.
• Strength parameter of GGBS modified concrete has increased
compared to conventional concrete.
• Modulus of elasticity remarks the concrete is satisfactory in terms
of strength.
• Slight resistance to chemical attacks by rubber latex conformed that
natural rubber latex yields better results to durability.

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References

• M.S. Shobha “Mechanical Properties of Latex Modified High

Performance Concrete” IOSR Journal volume 11.
• Dr. Vaishali. G. Ghorpade, Sri. k. Munirathanam “Effect of Natural
Rubber Latex with metakaolin admixture” IJERA 2016
• Bala M.Ismail “Performance of Natural Rubber latex modified concrete in
acidic and sulphated environments” ACI Manual of Concrete practice
2015.
• Faruk Eren “Latex modification on fresh state consistency,short term
strength and long term transport properties of cement mortar”.ICJ 2017
• Dr.Mini Mathew “Study on the properties of natural rubber latex and
nano-graphite modified concrete”.Construction and Building Materials
2016

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• Dr. Suresh Kumar “Ground Granulated Blast Slag in Concrete- A
review”.Construction and Building Materials 2015.
• Dr. H. Sudarsana Rao “Effect of Rubber latex on Fibre Reinforced
concrete with metakaolin admixture”2015
• Mohammad Moyunddin “Partial replacement of cement by GGBS and
river sand by M Sand in concrete using different dosage of admixture”
2013
• Arish Aghaeipour “Effect of Ground Granulated blast Furnace Slag on
RCC durability”.2012
• P Lakshmaiah chowdary “An experimental study on cement replacement
by GGBS in concrete”.2014
• Rajith M “Performance of concrete by partial replacement of cement and
fine aggregate by GGBS and GBS”.2015

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 THANK YOU

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