GROUP 09

URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS
 Introduction
Schistosomiasis is a group of diseases caused by
a TREMADOTES of genus Schistosoma, also by
their common name known as blood flukes.
Three main species infect human;
• Schistosoma mansoni
• Schistosoma japonicum
• Schistosoma haematobium(affecting urinary
bladder)
 Epidemiology
• Of the 200 million people affected with
schistosomiasis, 80 to 90 million are infected
with S.Haematobium.
• As many as 10 to 40 million have obstructive
uropathy or other complications secondary to
this parasitic disease.
 Pathogenesis of Schistosomiasis
• The disease mainly affects children and adults in
endemic areas
• The initial reaction may be dermatitis from cercarial
penetration
• Acute phase of heavy first infection presents with
typhoid fever- like symptoms, fever, cough,
myalgia(pain), malaise and hepatosplenomegaly
• Cirrhosis of the liver, bloody diarrhoea, hypertension,
and toxic reactions may occur because of granulomas
around eggs in liver, urinary bladder, central nervous
system and other tissues
• Eosinophilia is present.
 CONT…..
• Most chronic cases are asymptomatic in
endemic areas. Schistosomes feed on red
blood cells; brown haematin pigment is
present in phagocytic cells
• Nephrotic syndrome may occur in
Schistosoma haematobium
• Sch. Haematobium has a clinical correlation
with bladder cancer
 Blood cancer
• This is the final pathologic sequelae of
schistosomiasis.
• High frequency of squamous cell
carcinomas(60% to 90%), with 5% to 15%
adenocarcinomas.
 Clinical manifestations
• Hematuria and terminal dysuria is the first
sign of the established S.Haematobium
infection, often appearing 10 to 12 weeks
after infection.
• Involvement of these genital structures often
present with scrotal pain or testicular mass
 CONT….
• Overtime, a late, chronic, active stage
develops “schistosomal contracted bladder”
consistent with pelvic pain with associated
urinary urgency, frequency and incontinence.
• Patients finally enter a Chronic inactive phase
in which viable eggs are no longer detected in
urine or tissue.
 CONT….
• Silent obstructive uropathy may develop
throughout this phase as fibrosis replaces
polypoid lesions and the bladder and ureter s
undergo irreversible damage.
 Diagnosis
• The presence of eggs in urinary sediment is
diagnostic.
• If the eggs are not found in urine, a bladder
biopsy should be attempted.
 Reference
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P
MC7826813/
• http://www.slideshare.net/dralameddine/urin
ary-schistosomiasis
 Group Participants
S/N NAME REG. NUMBER REMARKS

01. ERNEST PETER SAGO DECCA06/S22/02/0004 FULL PARTICIPATED

02. JOSEPH LUPUMKO MAGEHEMA DECCA/18/02/826 FULL PARTICIPATED

03. KHADIJA ABDALLAH DECCA/S20/02/0057 FULL PARTICIPATED

04. DEOGRATIUS MLOYAAA DECCA/S20/02/0056 FULL PARTICIPATED

05. IDDY O LIGUO DECCA/S20/02/0030 FULL PARTICIPATED

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