Physics Presentation

By Ammar,
Ubaidullah, Abdullah
Khan and Hussain
Chemical Energy
Stored in
Bio Fuel
Chemical Energy
Stored In Biofuel.

• Most biofuels are produced from plant

material that is created through
photosynthesis, a process that converts
solar energy into stored chemical
energy in plants. However,
photosynthesis is an inefficient
process, and the energy stored in plant
material requires significant
processing to produce biofuels.
Current biofuel production methods
are also intensive and require
additional resources, such as water,
fertilizer, and large areas of land to
grow crops.
Question For A biofuel is any liquid fuel derived from biological material such as trees, agricultural
wastes, crops, or grass. Biofuel can be produced from any carbon source that can be
You.  replenished rapidly, such as plants. Biofuels are basically substitutes for conventional
fossil fuels, such as petroleum, propane, coal, and natural gas. Common U.S.
agricultural products including switchgrass and soybeans are specifically grown for
Q: What Are Bio
biofuel production. Biofuels can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase energy
security by providing an alternative to fossil fuels

Fuels?
Bio fuel has many types amongst which the most common is:

Wood: Can be used directly as a raw material that is burned to produce heat. The heat,
in turn, can be used to run generators in a power plant to produce electricity. A number
of existing power facilities burn grass, wood, or other kinds of biomass.
THE PROPERTIES
OF BIO FUEL.
•Biofuel is considered to be a source
of renewable energy, unlike fossil fuels such
as petroleum, coal, and natural gas. Biofuel is
commonly advocated as a cost-effective and
environmentally benign alternative to petroleum
and other fossil fuels, particularly within
the context of rising petroleum prices and
increased concern over the contributions made
by fossil fuels to global warming. Many critics
express concerns about the scope of the
expansion of certain biofuels because of the
economic and environmental costs associated
with the refining process and the potential
removal of vast areas of arable land from food
production.
Liquid Bio Fuels.

• Liquid biofuels are of particular interest because of the

vast infrastructure already in place to use them, especially
for transportation. The liquid biofuel in greatest
production is ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is made
by fermenting starch or sugar. Brazil and the United
States are among the leading producers of ethanol. In the
United States ethanol biofuel is made primarily
from corn (maize) grain, and it is typically blended
with gasoline to produce “gasohol,” a fuel that is 10
percent ethanol.
 How Is Biofuel Made.
• A variety of feedstocks and materials, or a mixture of them, can
be employed to make biofuels. Despite the fact that sugarcane
and corn are well-known ethanol feedstocks, the growing
process of the crops, using fertilizers and pesticides, and
converting the plants into fuel needs a lot of energy. It is as
much as the energy that there are arguments about whether
ethanol from corn is cost-benefit or will be worth the
investment. The variety of biofuel processing methods and
equipment is remarkable, allowing us to transform energy
feedstocks into useful solid fuels, liquid fuels, gases, electricity,
heat or mechanical work. One of the main barriers to a
successful biomass energy industry is the simple fact that most
raw biomass is not immediately useful as an energy source.
Biofuel crops must be processed in one way or another before
they can be a valuable source of energy.
 Biogas is a mixture of gases, primarily consisting
of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, produced
from raw materials such as agricultural
Diagram Below waste, manure, municipal waste, plant
Is Showing Biomass material, sewage, green waste, wastewater, and food waste. It
is a renewable energy source.
Converted To Methane.
Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with anaerobic
organisms or methanogen inside an anaerobic
digester, biodigester or a bioreactor.
Biogas is primarily methane (CH
4) and carbon dioxide (CO
2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H
2S), moisture and siloxanes. The gases methane, hydrogen,
and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized
with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as
a fuel; it can be used in fuel cells and for any heating purpose,
such as cooking. It can also be used in a gas engine to convert
the energy in the gas into electricity and heat.
Biofuel Impact on Enviromint.

The production of biofuel can have nothing but a

positive impact on the environment. This is because
biofuel is biodegradable and therefore safe when
released into the environment. Biofuel is produced to Consider some of environmental disasters that have
reduce gas emissions from greenhouses. It also happened in the past, like oil spillage in the sea which
mitigates the effects of global warming which is have caused insurmountable damage to the world’s
caused by the use of fossil fuels. Biofuels do not sea life. There is nothing of the sort to be
produce toxic fumes such as sulfur or aromatics. In apprehensive about with biofuels. Corn or soy is
addition, there are no unpleasant smells produced highly unlikely to poison the sea.
such as those associated with synthetic fuels. They
produce greenhouse gases but at much reduced levels
and they capture carbon.
 Uses Of Biofuel
• Biofuels help to meet the demand for transportation fuel. There are two main components of biofuel: ethanol and biodiesel.

• Ethanol

• This is a renewable fuel that is derived from plant materials which are collectively classified as biomass. Ethanol is an alcohol. It is used
together with gasoline as a blending agent to reduce carbon dioxide and increase octane. Other smog-causing elements are also reduced.

• E10 is one of the most common blends of ethanol-gasoline which is combined at the ratio of 10% to 90% respectively. Vehicles known as
flexible fuel vehicles are designed to run on E85, which is a gasoline-ethanol blend of 51% to 83%. This however, is dependent on the
geography and the weather conditions presented by the seasons.

• Most ethanol today comes from plant starches and sugars. Scientists are looking into the possibility of developing technology that would
facilitate the use of elements like cellulose and non-edible fibrous plants as well.

• Biodiesel

• Biodiesel is a liquid fuel that is derived from renewable materials such as used vegetable oils, new vegetable oils, and animal fats. It is a
cleaner-burner that is used in the place of petroleum-based diesel in to fuel compression-ignition engines. It is biodegradable, meaning it is
nontoxic and is used as a compression-ignition fuel, like the petroleum-based diesel it replaces.

• It can be combined with petroleum diesel in any percentage, but the most common blend is the B20 which contains biodiesel-petroleum
diesel in the ratio of 20% to 80% respectively.

• Biodiesel is produced by combining vegetable oil, recycled cooking grease, animal fat and alcohol.

• The world is moving on from petroleum-based fuel to biodegradable fuel. Now more than ever, the world has recognized the need to use
products that will not harm the environment further.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME