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Extinct animals
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Драган Донев Моника Јосифоска 154895
Нина Бошњакоска 154607
Extinct Animals
 Contents

Introduction…………………………………………………………………..4

8 Endangered species that are being reintroduced around the world...............14

Easy things you can do to save endangered species………………………….20

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………21
 Introdution
Extinction happens when
environmental factors or
evolutionary problems cause a
species to die out. The
disappearance of species from Earth
is ongoing, and rates have varied
over time. Changes to habitats and
poor reproductive trends are among
the factors that can make a species’
death rate higher than its birth rate
for long enough that eventually,
none are left.
8 of the world’s most endangered animals:
As our modern society gets more resource-intensive, natural
spaces are shrinking and wildlife numbers are declining. Our 2022
Living Planet Report shows global wildlife populations have
plummeted by 69% on average since 1970.

• JAVAN RHINOS
• AMUR LEOPARD
• SUNDA ISLAND TIGER
• MOUNTAIN GORILLAS
• TAPANULI ORANGUTAN
• YANGTZE FINLESS PORPOISE
• BLACK RHINOS
• AFRICAN FOREST ELEPHANT
 JAVAN RHINOS

• Once found throughout south-east Asia, Javan rhinos have suffered a staggering
decline in their numbers due to hunting and habitat loss. The lone wild population
of Javan rhinos is one of the rarest of the rhino species—around 75 individuals—
which can only be found on the island of Java, Indonesia. The Ujung Kulon
National Park, a World Heritage Site, is the last remaining refuge of Javan rhinos.
Besides, the small Javan rhino population is also extremely vulnerable to
extinction due to natural catastrophes, disease, poaching and potential inbreeding.
 AMUR LEOPARD

• The Amur leopard is one of the rarest big cats in the

world, with only around 100 individuals left in the wild.
Although their wild population seems to be stable and
increasing, these leopard subspecies are still critically
endangered since 1996. And there is a good reason that:
Amur leopards can only be found in a relatively small
region of the far east of Russia and north-eastern China
at present. The remaining Amur leopards face multiple
threats to their survival, including habitat loss and
fragmentation, prey scarcity and transportation
infrastructure such as roads. However, there is hope for
this rare big cat. Around 75% of their home range lies in
protected areas in Russia and China, and they are also
moving into suitable habitats outside of these protected
areas.
SUNDA ISLAND TIGER

• The Sunda Island tiger, or the Sumatran tiger, is the smallest tiger subspecies in the
world, weighing up to 140kg. For reference, the tigers that live in the Amur region are
the biggest of all the big cats where males can weigh up to twice as much as Sunda
Island tigers. They are also very rare - there are estimated to be around 600 in the wild,
and are only found on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Since the 1980s, the human
population of south-east Asia has nearly doubled from 357 million to around 668 million
in 2020. And this has had an impact on tiger numbers, which have been shrinking along
with their habitats.
 MOUNTAIN GORILLAS

• The Mountain gorilla is a subspecies of the

eastern gorilla, which lives in two isolated
populations in the high-altitude forests up in the
volcanic, mountainous regions of the
Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and
Uganda, and in the Bwindi Impenetrable
National Park of Uganda. The Virunga
Landscape has a history of political instability
along with high levels of poverty in the region.
This poses a substantial threat to mountain
gorilla numbers as people have moved into areas
closer to these great apes for food, shelter and
space—over 500,000 people live near mountain
gorilla habitat at present.
 • The Tapanuli orangutan is the newly described
species of orangutan, listed as a distinct
species in 2017. Only a single, isolated
population of Tapanuli orangutans exist in the
wild, which is restricted to the tropical forests
of the Batang Toru ecosystem on the island of
Sumatra, Indonesia. Today, these tree-
dwelling primates are critically endangered
with fewer than 800 individuals in the wild,
making them the most endangered great ape
species in the world. The loss of habitat is one
of the main threats to its survival as tropical
forests are being replaced by agriculture,
mining, and hydroelectric and geothermal
development. Between 1985 and 2007, over
40% of the forests in the province of North
Sumatra, where the Tapanali orangutan is
found, were lost.

TAPANULI ORANGUTAN
YANGTZE FINLESS PORPOISE
• This aquatic mammal currently resides in the Yangtze River in China and is listed as a
critically endangered species. While the Yangtze river plays a crucial role in healthy
ecosystem functioning, years of environmental degradation, overfishing and water pollution
in the region are having detrimental impacts on many animal species who call it their home.
Once upon a time, Yangtze river dolphins used to live alongside finless porpoises, but there
haven't been any freshwater dolphin sightings for the past two decades.
 BLACK RHINOS

Between 1960 and 1995, black rhino populations suffered

dramatic losses in their numbers due to large-scale
poaching. Around 2% survived the severe onslaught of
the past. As rhino conservation took hold, their numbers
have more than doubled across Africa since the 1990s.
But, black rhinos are still listed as critically endangered
by the IUCN, with around 5,630 individuals in the wild.
Three subspecies of black rhino now survive, with the
western black rhino declared extinct in 2011. Today, 95%
of black rhinos are found in just four countries: Kenya,
Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. The biggest threat
to the remaining population is still poaching for their horn
—in the last 10 years, almost 10,000 African rhinos have
been killed to supply the illegal rhino horn trade.
 AFRICAN FOREST ELEPHANT

• The actual number of wild African forest

elephants remains uncertain due to their
shy nature, but we do know that they are
critically endangered species and have
declined by an estimated 86% over 31
years. The main reason behind the
decline is due to poaching, which is
frequent, widespread and intensive,
especially in Central Africa. As well as
elephant poaching, habitat loss and land-
use change for agriculture and other land
uses have resulted in fragmented habitats
and increasing human-elephant conflict
leading to losses on both sides.
8 Endangered species that are being reintroduced around the world

• Conservation projects around the world are helping to bring back endangered and
extinct wildlife species. Not only is this important for the species themselves -
preserving wildlife has positive impacts on human life, too.
 Cheetahs return to India
• India’s native population of cheetahs was
officially declared extinct in 1952. Now
they’re coming back.The cheetahs will be
based at Kuno-Palpur National Park in the
state of Madhya Pradesh, which has the right
climate and habitat for them.India’s
government said the return of the cheetah
would have “important conservation
Wild bison return to the UK ramifications” and help to stem biodiversity
• In the United Kingdom, wild European bison degradation and loss.
have been released into a forest in Kent in
south-east England to help manage the
woodland.Kent Wildlife Trust, which runs the
project, says the natural behaviour of bison –
like grazing, eating bark, felling trees and dust
bathing – can restore the biodiversity of a
landscape by helping other species to thrive.
 Vultures are back in Europe
• Vultures are “critical” maintainers of nature’s
balance by rapidly cleaning up and recycling
the bodies of dead animals.But they have
mostly disappeared from Europe over the past
200 years because of lack of food, habitat loss,
persecution and poisoning.

Missing lynx returns

• The Eurasian Lynx – a type of wild cat
– was considered extinct across almost
all of Central Europe for 200 years,
because of hunting and habitat loss.The
lynx has now been successfully
reintroduced to Switzerland, Slovenia,
Croatia, France, Italy, the Czech
Republic, Germany and Austria.
 ‘Rat kangaroos’ return to Australia
• In Australia, an endangered mammal called the brush-tailed bettong, or woylie,
has been re-introduced after disappearing more than 100 years ago.Also known as
‘rat kangaroos,’ bettongs are about the size of a rabbit and move around with a
springy hop. Twelve male and 28 female woylies have now been re-introduced to
mainland South Australia. The animals are important earth engineers. By
dispersing seeds and nutrients while digging up tonnes of soil every year, they
improve habitats for other species
Ferrets breeding in the US
• By 1987, only 18 black-footed ferrets were
thought to be left in the world. These
animals were put into a captive breeding
programme and ferrets started to be re-
introduced into US national parks in 1994
and 2007. About 1,000 black-footed ferrets
now live in the wild.
Red kites return to the UK
• Red kites, a large bird of prey, were
driven to the brink of extinction in
England by the end of the 19th century,
as they were considered a threat to game
birds and pets. Red kites started breeding
in the Chilterns, one of 38 protected
‘areas of natural beauty’ in England and
Wales, in 1992, during a four-year
reintroduction project, and there are now
thought to be at least 1,000 breeding pairs
in the area.Red kites have also returned to
other parts of the UK in Scotland,
England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
China’s wild horses back from the brink
• The horses were once found throughout Europe and
Asia, but can now only be found in reintroduction sites
in Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan, according to the
Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology
Institute in the US.
Easy things you can do to save endangered species

• Learn about endangered species in your area.

• Visit a national wildlife refuge, park or other open space and make your home
wildlife friendly
• Native plants provide food and shelter for native wildlife.
• Recycle and buy sustainable products.
• Never purchase products made from threatened or endangered species
Conclusion

• By now you have learned that many animals have become extinct. Some died out
form natural causes, but others became extinct because of human activities. What
we as humans can do and help is by learning about these animals and being more
eco-friendly.
Used literature:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/08/endangered-species-reintroduced-biodiversity/

https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/why-do-animals-and-plants-become-endangered#:~:
text=Habitat%20loss%20is%20the%20primary,and%20the%20spread%20of%20diseases

https://www.endangered.org/10-easy-things-you-can-do-to-save-endangered-species/#:~:text
=Protect%20wildlife%20habitat.,
shelter%20and%20raise%20their%20young

https://www.wwf.org.uk/learn/wildlife/endangered-animals