 Lahore Resolution

 1954 East Bengali Legislative Election

 Six-point Movement

Presented By
Group- A
Section- 2
Emergence Of Independent Bangladesh
Institution of Education & Research
University of Dhaka
 LAHORE RESOLUTION adopted at the general session of the
MUSLIM LEAGUE In 1940 MOHAMMED ALI JINNAH called a general
session of the all India Muslim the all INDIA Muslim League in
Lahore to discuss the situation that had arisen due to the
outbreak of the Second World War and the Government of India
joining the war without taking the opinion of the
Indian leaders and to analyse the reasons that led to the defeat
of the Muslim League jn the general election of 1937 in the
Muslim majority provinces.
 HUSEYN SHAHEED SUHRAWARDY left with a small group of
Muslim League workers for Lahore on 19 March 1940 . AK FAZLUL
HUQ led the Bengal Muslim League contingent anr reached
Lahore on 22 March . The Chief Ministers of Bengal and the
Punjab were two dominant figures in the conference.
 The Resolution, radically amended by the subject committee,
was moved in the general session by Fazlul Huq on 23 March.
“No constituional plan would be workable in this
country or acceptable to the Muslims unless it is
designed on the following basic principles ,
namely that the geographically contagious units
demarcated into regions, which should be so
constituted with such territorial readjustments
as may be neccessary that the areas in which the
Muslims are in a majority as in the North-
Western and Eastern zones of India should be
grouped to constitute independent states in
which the constituents units shall be autonomous
and sovereign. Adequate, effective and
mandatory safeguards should be specifically
provided in their religious, cultural, economic,
political, administrative and other rights.”
 Role of Sir Syed Ahmed
 Role of Brittish Government
 Lucknow Pact and Fourteen Points of Jinnah
 Reaction of Nehru Report
 The Impact of Hindu Nationalism
 Failure of the Round Table Meeting
 Progressive Thinking of The Muslim Thinker
 Effectiveness of the Government of India Act
1935
 Two Nations Theory of Jinnah
 Mulama Zafar Ali Khan (Punjab)
 Dr. Muhammad Alam (Punjab)
 Begum Mulama Mohammad Ali Jauhar
 Abdul Hamid Badayuni
 Chaudri Khaliq-ur-zaman
 Syed Zakir Ali
 Sir Abdullah Haroon (Sindh)
 Sardar Aurangzeb Khan (NWFP)
 Qazi Muhammad Issa (Baluchistan)
 Nawab Muhammad Ismail (Bihar)
 Syed Abdur Rauf Shah (C.P.)
 Abdul Hamid Khan (Madras) and
 I.I. Chundrigar (Bombay)
 The Hindu Leaders and the Hindu press started a tridal against
the resolution
 ‘Partap,Bande Martam, Milap, tribune’ and other Hindu
newspaper
- called it as Pakistan Resolution
 It was done in spite of the fact that the word ‘Pakistan’ was not
used anywhere in Lahore resolution
 The Daily Tribune called
- The Pakistan scheme unacceptable and horrible
 Hindustan Times and Modern Review
- Termed it as the ingenuity of the most ingenious constitution
will be unable to divide India
 Statesman wrote,
- It is a revolutionary proposal but those who are willing
to opposite it, must study it before criticizing it. They must
understand that the League has seriously presented it;
therefore it can be ignored as a mere fanciful dream.
 Enhancement of prestige of Muslim League
 Unity among Muslims
 Change of Government attitude
 No change Constitution without consent of
Muslims
 Equal representation of Muslims in Executive
Council
 Muslim Nationalism
 Strengthen the concept of two different
nations
 Gave impetus to freedom movement
 - According to Stanley Wolpert, this was
the moment when Jinnah, the former
ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity, totally
transformed himself into Pakistan’s great
leader.
 Elections 1954 held in East Pakistan in March
1954 under the India Act of 1935, and on the
basis of universal adult franchise.
 Legislative elections were held in East Bengal
between 8 and 12 March 1054, the first since
Pakistan became an independent country in
1947. The opposition United Front led by the
Awami League and Krishak Sramik Party won a
landslide victory with 223 of the 309 seats. The
Muslim League chief Minister of East Pakistan
Nurul Amin was defeated in his own constituency
by Khaleque Nawaz Khan by over 7,000 votes,
with all the Muslim League ministers losing their
seats.
- The Bengal Assembly had been elected as
part of the provincial elections in Brittish
India in 1946. Its term was extended several
times, with around 34 seats left vacant as
by-elections were not held.
- The major partners of the Front were the
Awami Muslim League led by Maulana Abdul
Hamid Khan Bhasani, the KRISHAK SRAMIK
PARTY led by AK Fazlul Huq, Nezam-e-Islam
led by Maulana Atahar Ali, Ganatantri Dal led
by Haji Mohammad Danesh and Khilafat-e-
Rabbani Party.
- The East Bengal Legislative Assembly
consisted of 309 seats, of which 228 were
reserved for Muslims, 36 for scheduled
castes, 12 for women (nine Muslims, one
general and two scheduled caste), two for
Buddhists and one for Christians. There were
also 30 general seats.
 Party Votes % Seats
Muslim seats
Awami League 143
Krishak Sramik Party 48
Nizam-e-Islam Party 19
Ganatantri Dal 13
Muslim League 9
Khilafat-e-Robbani Party 1
Independents 4
Total 5,760,179 100 237
Non- Muslim seats
Scheduled Caste Federation 27
National Congress 24
Minority United Front 10
 Bengali nationalism won this election. This election
especially rises of a secularist political ideology. United
front and their ally are also growth secularist ideology
which are accepted people at least the win united front.
 The won of the united front demand rises to the full
autonomy in this province and it also main agenda of
united front.
 In 1954 we show thwt the influence middle stage people,
political (this election majority of the candidates are a
middle knowledge in political background.
 The result in 1954 are deeply demand full autonomy, and
it was a great role ply in this election.
 In 1954 election were end the Muslim league govern. In
this election people are show read card Muslim league.
- The six point movement was
a movement in East Pakistan,
spearheaded by Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman, which
called for greater autonomy
for East Pakistan. The
movement’s main agenda
was to realize the six
demands put forward by a
coalition of bengali
nationalist political parties in
1966, to end the perceived
exploitation of East Pakistan
by the West Pakistani rulers.
It is considered a milestone
on the road to Bangladesh’s
independence.
- The reason for proposing six points was to
end Master-slave rule in Pakistan. Following
the partition of India, the new state of
Pakistan came into being. The inhabitants of
East Pakistan (later Bangladesh) made up the
majority of its population, and exports from
East Pakistan (such as JUTE) were a majority
of Pakistan’s export income. However, East
Pakistanis did not feel they had a
proportional share of political power and
economic benefits within Pakistan.
 The six points are noted as being:
1. The constitution should provide for a Federation of
Pakistan in its true sense based on the Lahore Resolution
and the parlimentary form of government with supermacy
on the basis of universal adult franchise.
2. The federal government should deal with only two
subjects:Defence and Foreign Affairs and all other residual
subjects should be vested in federating states.
3. Two separate, but freely convertble currencies for two
wings should be introduced; or if this is not feasible, there
should be one currency for the country, but effective
constitutional provisions should be introduced to stop the
fight of capital from East to West Pakistan. Furthermore, a
separate Banking Reserve should be established and
separate fiscal and monetary policy be adopted for East
Pakistan.
4. The power of taxation and revenue
collection should be vested in the
fedarating would be entitled to a share in
the state taxes to meet its expenditures.
5. There should be two separate accounts for
the foreign exchange earnings of the two
wings; the foreign exchange requirements
of the federal government should be met
by the two wings, and the constitution
should empower the units to establish
trade links with foreign countries.
6. East Pakistan should have a separate
military or paramilitary force, and Navy
headquarters should be in East Pakistan.
- The proposal was rejected by politicians
from West Pakistan and non Awami League
politicians from East Pakistan Awami League
Nawabzada Nasarullah Khan. It was also
rejected by National Awami Party, Jamaat-i-
Islami, and Nizam-i-Islam. The movement
had the support of the population of East
Pakistan.